基于剪切梁理论的爆破扰动对巷道顶板稳定性影响研究
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摘要
厚煤层沿底布置巷道顶板维护难度较大,从爆破扰动影响顶板稳定性的角度对此进行了研究。在分析爆破应力波远区破坏效应的基础上,建立了沿底布置巷道顶板的剪切梁模型,依此研究了顶板煤、岩体的水平位移及应力分布规律,最后以某矿地质条件为原型利用Flac3D数值软件进行了模拟研究。研究发现:基于爆破应力波的远区破坏效应,沿底布置巷道的顶板煤层与上覆岩层的相对错动可以用剪切梁理论加以分析。基于此得到了厚煤层巷道顶板中煤层与岩层单调加载过程及循环加载条件下的位移及应力分布,单次爆破对顶板的影响有限,多次扰动的累积效应会对其产生一定程度的损伤。模拟中,随着装药量的增加,沿底布置巷道顶板煤、岩体的水平位移随之增加,且煤体的位移量大于岩体;持续扰动条件下,煤、岩体的水平位移均出现了累加效应,且随着动力扰动作用次数的增加,煤、岩体的相对错动逐渐增大,容易产生顶板离层垮落等动力灾害。研究成果对加强扰动作用下顶板的支护管理具有一定的理论与指导意义。
Maintenance of the roadway roof arranging along the bottom of the thick coal seam is difficult,in this paper,the study has conducted from the point of view of blasting disturbance which affects the roof stability.On the basis of analzing the damage effects of blasting stress wave far zone,a model about arranging shear beam of the roadway roof along the bottom of coal seam was established,and the horizontal displacement of the coal and rock mass in the roof and distribution of the stress through the model was studied.Finally,Flac3D numerical software was used to conduct simulation study by taking the geological conditions of a mine as the prototype.The results showed that: based on the damage effects of blasting stress wave far zone,the shear beam theory can be applied to analyze relative diastrophism between roof seam of the roadway arranging along the bottom of the coal and overlying strata.Based on this,the displacement and stress distribution of seam and rock in roadway roof of thick coal seam under monotonic loading process and cyclic loading conditions can be determined.Single blasting has a limited impact on the roof,and the cumulative effect of multiple disturbances have a certain degree of damage.In the simulation,with the increase of the amount of gunpowder,the horizontal displacement of coal and rock mass increases along with the bottom of seam arrange the roadway roof,and the displacement of coal is more than that of rock mass.In the condition of persistent disturbances,the horizontal displacement of coal and rock mass shows an additive effect,the relative diastrophism of coal and rock mass increase with the increase in the number of dynamic disturbance,which is liable to dynamic disasters like collapse of roof abscission layer.The research result shows a certain theoretical and directive significance of strengthening the management of roof support under disturbance.
Maintenance of the roadway roof arranging along the bottom of the thick coal seam is difficult,in this paper,the study has conducted from the point of view of blasting disturbance which affects the roof stability.On the basis of analzing the damage effects of blasting stress wave far zone,a model about arranging shear beam of the roadway roof along the bottom of coal seam was established,and the horizontal displacement of the coal and rock mass in the roof and distribution of the stress through the model was studied.Finally,Flac3D numerical software was used to conduct simulation study by taking the geological conditions of a mine as the prototype.The results showed that: based on the damage effects of blasting stress wave far zone,the shear beam theory can be applied to analyze relative diastrophism between roof seam of the roadway arranging along the bottom of the coal and overlying strata.Based on this,the displacement and stress distribution of seam and rock in roadway roof of thick coal seam under monotonic loading process and cyclic loading conditions can be determined.Single blasting has a limited impact on the roof,and the cumulative effect of multiple disturbances have a certain degree of damage.In the simulation,with the increase of the amount of gunpowder,the horizontal displacement of coal and rock mass increases along with the bottom of seam arrange the roadway roof,and the displacement of coal is more than that of rock mass.In the condition of persistent disturbances,the horizontal displacement of coal and rock mass shows an additive effect,the relative diastrophism of coal and rock mass increase with the increase in the number of dynamic disturbance,which is liable to dynamic disasters like collapse of roof abscission layer.The research result shows a certain theoretical and directive significance of strengthening the management of roof support under disturbance.
引文
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[9]张继春,彭琼芳.岩体爆破地震波衰减规律的现场试验与分析[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2001,20(4):399-401ZHANG Ji-chun,PENG Qiong-fang.Field experiment andits analyses of attenuation law for seismic waves resultingfrom rock blasting[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical U-niversity(Natural Science),2001,20(4):399-401
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[11]沈新普,泽鲁.穆荣日.求解层间界面反平面剪切破坏的剪切梁模型(I)—基本特性[J].应用数学和力学,2000,21(11):1101-1108SHEN Xin-pu,Zenon Mroz.Shear beam model for in-terface failure under antiplane shear(I)-fundamental be-havior[J].Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,2000,21(11):1101-1108
[12]沈新普,泽鲁.穆荣日.求解层间界面反平面剪切破坏的剪切梁模型(II)—失稳特性[J].应用数学和力学,2000,21(11):1109-1116SHEN Xin-pu,Zenon Mroz.Shear beam model for in-terface failure under antiplane shear(II)-Instability[J].Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,2000,21(11):1109-1116
[13]钱鸣高,石平五.矿山压力与岩层控制[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2010
[14]龙源,冯长根,徐全军,等.爆破地震波在岩石介质中传播特性与数值计算研究[J].工程爆破,2000,6(3):1-7LONG Yuan,FENG Chang-gen,XU Quan-jun,et al.Study on propagation characteristics of blasting seismicwaves in a rock medium and numerical calculation[J].Engineering Blasting,2000,6(3):1-7
[15]魏明尧,王恩元,刘晓斐,等.深部煤层卸压爆破防治冲击地压效果的数值模拟研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(8):2539-2543WEI Ming-yao,WANG En-yuan,LIU Xiao-fei,et al.Numerical simulation of rockburst prevention effect byblasting pressure relief in deep coal seam[J].Rock andSoil Mechanics,2011,32(8):2539-254
[2]魏明尧,王恩元,刘晓斐,等.动力扰动诱发顶板断裂的数值模拟分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2010,27(4):532-536WEI Ming-yao,WANG En-yuan,LIU Xiao-fei,et al.Numerical simulation of roof fracture induced by dynamicdisturbance[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2010,27(4):532-536
[3]刘慧.邻近爆破对隧道影响的研究进展[J].爆破,1999,16(1):57-63LIU Hui.Study progress of influence of nearby blastingon a Tunnel[J].Blasting,1999,16(1):57-63
[4]马建军,程良奎,蔡路军.爆破应力波的传播及其远区破坏效应研究现状述评[J].爆破,2005,22(2):17-21MA Jian-jun,CHENG Liang-kui,CAI Lu-jun.Presentsituation of research on propagation of blasting stress waveand rock fragmentation effect in remote Area[J].Blas-ting,2005,22(2):17-21
[5]张断春,刘洁吾.岩体爆破松裂区的损伤机制及其数值模拟[J].爆炸与冲击,1996,16(3):250-258ZHANG Duan-chun,LIU Jie-wu.Damage mechanismand numerical simulation of the microcrack zone resultingfrom rock blasting[J].Explosion and shock waves,1996,16(3):250-258
[6]王青海,沈军辉,卫宏.爆炸冲击波对地下巷道破坏效应分析[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2000,11(3):67-69WANG Qing-hai,SHEN Jun-hui,WEI Hong.Analysison the failure effect of tunnel under the act of blast impactwave[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard andControl,2000,11(3):67-69
[7]肖福坤,孙豁然,刘晓军,等.爆破震动对巷道稳定性影响的模拟分析[J].矿业研究与开发,2004,24(5):73-76XIAO Fu-kun,SUN Huo-ran,LIU Xiao-jun,et al.Simu-lation analysis on the effect of blast shake on tunnel sta-bility[J].Mining Research and Development,2004,24(5):73-76
[8]马建军.爆破应力波中远区破岩作用分析[J].武汉科技大学学报(自然科学版),2005,28(2):182-187MA Jian-jun.Rock breaking effect of blasting stress waveat moderate or far distance[J].Journal of Wuhan Univer-sity of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2005,28(2):182-187
[9]张继春,彭琼芳.岩体爆破地震波衰减规律的现场试验与分析[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2001,20(4):399-401ZHANG Ji-chun,PENG Qiong-fang.Field experiment andits analyses of attenuation law for seismic waves resultingfrom rock blasting[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical U-niversity(Natural Science),2001,20(4):399-401
[10]贾光辉.爆炸过程中有关应力波传播问题探讨[J].爆破,2001,18(1):5-7JIA Guang-hui.Problem in blasting stress waves propa-gation processing[J].Blasting,2001,18(1):5-7
[11]沈新普,泽鲁.穆荣日.求解层间界面反平面剪切破坏的剪切梁模型(I)—基本特性[J].应用数学和力学,2000,21(11):1101-1108SHEN Xin-pu,Zenon Mroz.Shear beam model for in-terface failure under antiplane shear(I)-fundamental be-havior[J].Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,2000,21(11):1101-1108
[12]沈新普,泽鲁.穆荣日.求解层间界面反平面剪切破坏的剪切梁模型(II)—失稳特性[J].应用数学和力学,2000,21(11):1109-1116SHEN Xin-pu,Zenon Mroz.Shear beam model for in-terface failure under antiplane shear(II)-Instability[J].Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,2000,21(11):1109-1116
[13]钱鸣高,石平五.矿山压力与岩层控制[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2010
[14]龙源,冯长根,徐全军,等.爆破地震波在岩石介质中传播特性与数值计算研究[J].工程爆破,2000,6(3):1-7LONG Yuan,FENG Chang-gen,XU Quan-jun,et al.Study on propagation characteristics of blasting seismicwaves in a rock medium and numerical calculation[J].Engineering Blasting,2000,6(3):1-7
[15]魏明尧,王恩元,刘晓斐,等.深部煤层卸压爆破防治冲击地压效果的数值模拟研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(8):2539-2543WEI Ming-yao,WANG En-yuan,LIU Xiao-fei,et al.Numerical simulation of rockburst prevention effect byblasting pressure relief in deep coal seam[J].Rock andSoil Mechanics,2011,32(8):2539-254
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