深水钻井工程风险综述
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摘要
深水钻井是深水油气勘探开发必不可少的环节。由于作业环境的复杂性,深水钻井工程面临诸多风险,如浅水流、浅层气、天然气水合物、海洋内波、强风和低温等。这些风险可归纳为四类:浅层地质灾害、海洋环境危害、海洋气象灾害及深水操作特殊性。通过对各种风险产生原因和作用方式的论述,全面系统地认识和评价了各种风险对深水钻井的影响,以便采取恰当的方法预防和降低深水钻井的工程风险。
Deepwater drilling is an essential part of deepwater oil and gas exploration and development.Because of the complexity of deepwater operating environment,there are many risks in deepwater drilling engineering,such as shallow water flow,shallow gas,natural gas hydrate,internal sea wave,giant wind,low temperature and so on.These risks can be divided into four categoriesshallow geological hazards,marine environment hazards,marine meteorological disasters and deepwater operations particularity. Through discussion on the causes of various hazards and action modes,the influence of the various hazards on deepwater drilling has been understood and evaluated comprehensively and systematically,and appropriate methods can be taken properly to prevent and reduce the deepwater drilling engineering risks.
Deepwater drilling is an essential part of deepwater oil and gas exploration and development.Because of the complexity of deepwater operating environment,there are many risks in deepwater drilling engineering,such as shallow water flow,shallow gas,natural gas hydrate,internal sea wave,giant wind,low temperature and so on.These risks can be divided into four categoriesshallow geological hazards,marine environment hazards,marine meteorological disasters and deepwater operations particularity. Through discussion on the causes of various hazards and action modes,the influence of the various hazards on deepwater drilling has been understood and evaluated comprehensively and systematically,and appropriate methods can be taken properly to prevent and reduce the deepwater drilling engineering risks.
引文
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[3]蒋其垲.漫漫求索路——渤海2号钻井船翻沉事故原因的追踪[J].石油科技论坛,2006,24(6):20-24.
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[8]顾兆峰,张志珣,刘怀山.南黄海西部地区浅层气地震特征[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2006,26(3):65-72.
[9]顾兆峰,张志珣,刘怀山.海底浅层圈闭与浅层气地震反射特征对比[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2009,29(3):115-122.
[10]吴时国,赵汗青,伍向阳,等.深水钻井安全的地质风险评价技术研究[J].海洋科学,2007,31(4):77-80.
[11]LU Shaoming.Seismic characteristic of two deep-water drilling hazards:shallow-water flow sands and gas hydrate[D],Dallas:the University of Texas,2003.
[12]Mallick S,Dutta N C.Shallow water flow prediction using prestack waveform inversion of conventional 3D seismic data and rock modeling[J].The Leading Edge,2002,22(7):675-680.
[13]Dutta N C.Deepwater geohazard prediction using prestack inversion of large offset P-wave data and rock model[J].The Leading Edge,2002,22(2):193-198.
[14]Mukerji T,Dutta N,Prasad M.Seismic Detection and Estimation of Overpressures Part I:The Rock Physics Basis[A].CSEG Recorder,2002,27(7):35-57.
[15]方欣华,王景明.海洋内波研究现状简介[J].力学进展,1986, 16(3):319-330.
[16]蔡树群,甘子钧.南海北部孤立子内波的研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2001,16(2):215-219.
[17]Prior D B.海底滑坡——形态和命名[J].金波,译.海洋地质译丛,1983,3(6):1-5.
[18]殷志明,周建良,蒋世全,等.深水钻井作业风险分析及应对策略[J].中海造船,2011,52(2):103-107.
[2]秦志亮,吴时国,王志君,等.天然气水合物诱因的深水油气开发工程灾害风险——以墨西哥湾深水钻井油气泄露事故为例[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(4):1279-1287.
[3]蒋其垲.漫漫求索路——渤海2号钻井船翻沉事故原因的追踪[J].石油科技论坛,2006,24(6):20-24.
[4]Long D.The Western Frontiers Association—Evaluating seabed conditions west of the UK[J].Continental Shelf Research,2001, 21(8-10):811-824.
[5]高克俭.“爪哇海”号钻井船遇难分析及建议[J].中国海洋平台,1989,3(4):38-42.
[6]易远元,王力.超深水井浅层地质灾害的种类分析[J].科技经济市场,2010,26(9):35-36.
[7]叶银灿,陈俊仁,潘国富,等.海底浅层气的成因、赋存特征及其对工程的危害[J].东海海洋,2003,21(1):27-36.
[8]顾兆峰,张志珣,刘怀山.南黄海西部地区浅层气地震特征[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2006,26(3):65-72.
[9]顾兆峰,张志珣,刘怀山.海底浅层圈闭与浅层气地震反射特征对比[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2009,29(3):115-122.
[10]吴时国,赵汗青,伍向阳,等.深水钻井安全的地质风险评价技术研究[J].海洋科学,2007,31(4):77-80.
[11]LU Shaoming.Seismic characteristic of two deep-water drilling hazards:shallow-water flow sands and gas hydrate[D],Dallas:the University of Texas,2003.
[12]Mallick S,Dutta N C.Shallow water flow prediction using prestack waveform inversion of conventional 3D seismic data and rock modeling[J].The Leading Edge,2002,22(7):675-680.
[13]Dutta N C.Deepwater geohazard prediction using prestack inversion of large offset P-wave data and rock model[J].The Leading Edge,2002,22(2):193-198.
[14]Mukerji T,Dutta N,Prasad M.Seismic Detection and Estimation of Overpressures Part I:The Rock Physics Basis[A].CSEG Recorder,2002,27(7):35-57.
[15]方欣华,王景明.海洋内波研究现状简介[J].力学进展,1986, 16(3):319-330.
[16]蔡树群,甘子钧.南海北部孤立子内波的研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2001,16(2):215-219.
[17]Prior D B.海底滑坡——形态和命名[J].金波,译.海洋地质译丛,1983,3(6):1-5.
[18]殷志明,周建良,蒋世全,等.深水钻井作业风险分析及应对策略[J].中海造船,2011,52(2):103-107.
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