带楼梯构件框架结构静力推覆试验研究
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摘要
2008年四川汶川地震中,钢筋混凝土框架结构楼梯间震害引起了普遍关注。通过一层两跨带楼梯构件的钢筋混凝土框架结构的静力推覆模型试验,研究了水平荷载作用下楼梯构件与主体结构的破坏过程和协同工作机理。研究表明,水平荷载作用下楼梯构件的受力状态与目前仅考虑重力荷载作用的情况显著不同。楼梯构件对整体结构侧向刚度贡献很大,且导致明显的扭转效应。楼梯构件先于主体结构构件破坏,梯板内有轴力、双向弯矩和剪力共同作用,梯板与平台梁或楼面梁交接处受力复杂且最为不利,平台梁跨中承受较大的负弯矩,平台板和平台梁因梯板的斜撑作用而发生水平向冲剪破坏。
A large number of staircase damages in reinforced concrete frame structures has attracted much concern during 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake.In order to fully investigate the interaction mechanism and failure modes between the staircase components and surrounding frame members,a static monotonic test on a one story two bay RC frame structure with staircase under the lateral loading was carried out.The experimental results indicated that the distribution of internal force in staircase components under the lateral loads is significantly different from the traditional design methodology in which only gravity loads are involved.The staircase can noticeably increase the lateral stiffness of overall structure but introduce the torsion effect as well.In general,the staircase experienced the damage earlier and much severe than the main structure.It was concluded that the flights are under the combined action termed the axial force,biaxial bending moment and biaxial shear force.The joint of flight and landing beam may become one of the most attacked parts by lateral force.The mid-span of landing beam is suffered the unexpected higher negative moment.The punching failure may occurred at the mid-span of platform and landing beam due to the K-braced effect from the flights.
A large number of staircase damages in reinforced concrete frame structures has attracted much concern during 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake.In order to fully investigate the interaction mechanism and failure modes between the staircase components and surrounding frame members,a static monotonic test on a one story two bay RC frame structure with staircase under the lateral loading was carried out.The experimental results indicated that the distribution of internal force in staircase components under the lateral loads is significantly different from the traditional design methodology in which only gravity loads are involved.The staircase can noticeably increase the lateral stiffness of overall structure but introduce the torsion effect as well.In general,the staircase experienced the damage earlier and much severe than the main structure.It was concluded that the flights are under the combined action termed the axial force,biaxial bending moment and biaxial shear force.The joint of flight and landing beam may become one of the most attacked parts by lateral force.The mid-span of landing beam is suffered the unexpected higher negative moment.The punching failure may occurred at the mid-span of platform and landing beam due to the K-braced effect from the flights.
引文
[1]尹保江,黄世敏,程绍革,等.汶川地震中建筑楼梯震害原因分析[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008:281-283.
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[8]Cao Wanlin,Pang Guoxin,Li Yunxiao,et al.Frame takingstairs elastic-plastic properties research work[J].WorldSeismic Engineering,1996(3):29-32.[曹万林,庞国新,李云霄,等.带楼梯框架弹塑性工作性能研究[J].世界地震工程,1996(3):29-32.]
[9]Cao Wanlin,Hu Guozhen.Performance test study of rein-forced concrete frame structure work with staircase[J].En-gineering Mechanics,1999(3):23-26.[曹万林,胡国振.钢筋混凝土框架与楼梯共同工作性能试验研究[J].工程力学,1999(3):23-26.]
[10]Dai Hongjun,Qi Ai.Analysis on seismic-response of rein-forced concrete frame structure with different-thickness stair-case[J].Journal of Fuzhou University:Natural Science Edi-tion,2011,39(1):101-109.[代红军,祁皑.不同梯段板厚度楼梯对钢筋混凝土框架结构地震反应影响分析[J].福州大学学报:自然科学版,2011,39(1):101-109.]
[11]Dai Hongjun,Qi Ai.Analysis on seismic-response of rein-forced concrete frame structure with staircase[J].Journal ofFuzhou University:Natural Science Edition,2010,38(2):259-265.[代红军,祁皑.考虑楼梯影响的钢筋混凝土框架结构地震反应分析[J].福州大学学报:自然科学版,2010,38(2):259-265.]
[12]Chen Xi,Wang Huaifeng,Lou Menglin,et al.Analysis onseismic performance of folded-slab stair[J].Journal ofTongji University:Natural Science Edition,2011,39(5):643-649.[陈希,王淮峰,楼梦麟,等.框架结构中折板楼梯的抗震性能分析[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2011,39(5):643-649.]
[13]GB50011—2001建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.
[14]GB50010—2002混凝土结构设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.
[15]Wang Zhe.An experimental study on the seismic behaviourof reinforced concrete frame structure with stairway[D].Chengdu:Sichuan University,2010.[王哲.钢筋混凝土楼梯间和框架结构协调作用静力模型试验研究[D].成都:四川大学,2010.]
[16]GB50152—92混凝土结构试验方法标准[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1992.
[17]Jiang Tao.HRB500 reinforced concrete frame structure staticload test study[D].Changsha:Hunan University,2009.[江涛.HRB500级钢筋混凝土框架结构静载试验研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2009.]
[18]Wang Yayong.Lessons learnt from building damages in theWenchuan Earthquake—seismic concept design of buildings[J].Journal of Building Structures,2008,29(4):20-25.[王亚勇.汶川地震建筑震害启示———抗震概念设计[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(4):20-25.]
[2]Li Bixiong,Wang Zhe,Mosalam K M,et al.Analysis of stair-wells performance and damage during Wenchuan Earthquake[C]//Proceedings of the 14th World Conference on Earth-quake Engineering(14WCEE).Beijing,2008:No.S31-005.
[3]Shen Yaokui,Zhang Tao,Wang Wei.Seismic analysis anddesign suggestions of reinforced concrete frame stairs[J].Building Structure,2009,39(11):72-74.[申跃奎,张涛,王威.框架结构楼梯的震害分析与设计对策[J].建筑结构,2009,39(11):72-74.]
[4]Quan Xueyou,Mi Wei,Zhang Zhiqiang.Special failuremodes of stair structures by Wenchuan Earthquake and itscountermeasures[J].Building Structure,2009,39(11):75-77.[全学友,米伟,张智强.汶川地震中楼梯结构的破坏现象及对策[J].建筑结构,2009,39(11):75-77.]
[5]Li Bixiong,Lei Tao,Deng Jianhui,et al.Lessons learnt fromperformance of school buildings in Wenchuan Earthquake re-gion[J].Journal of Sichuan University:Engineering ScienceEdition,2009,41(3):172-179.[李碧雄,雷涛,邓建辉,等.汶川地震中学校建筑震害研究[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2009,41(3):172-179.]
[6]Li Bixiong,Wang Zhe,Xie Heping,et al.Wenchuan Earth-quake field reconnaissance on damage of masonry structure[J].Journal of Sichuan University:Engineering Science Edi-tion,2009,41(4):19-25.[李碧雄,王哲,谢和平,等.汶川地震后多层砌体结构震害调查及分析[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2009,41(4):19-25.]
[7]Li Bixiong,Xie Heping,Deng Jianhui,et al.Characteristic a-nalysis of performance and damage of buildings in WenchuanEarthquake and considerations in a seismic design of build-ings[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engi-neering,2009,29(2):224-230.[李碧雄,谢和平,邓建辉,等.汶川地震中房屋建筑震害特征及抗震设计思考[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2009,29(2):224-230.]
[8]Cao Wanlin,Pang Guoxin,Li Yunxiao,et al.Frame takingstairs elastic-plastic properties research work[J].WorldSeismic Engineering,1996(3):29-32.[曹万林,庞国新,李云霄,等.带楼梯框架弹塑性工作性能研究[J].世界地震工程,1996(3):29-32.]
[9]Cao Wanlin,Hu Guozhen.Performance test study of rein-forced concrete frame structure work with staircase[J].En-gineering Mechanics,1999(3):23-26.[曹万林,胡国振.钢筋混凝土框架与楼梯共同工作性能试验研究[J].工程力学,1999(3):23-26.]
[10]Dai Hongjun,Qi Ai.Analysis on seismic-response of rein-forced concrete frame structure with different-thickness stair-case[J].Journal of Fuzhou University:Natural Science Edi-tion,2011,39(1):101-109.[代红军,祁皑.不同梯段板厚度楼梯对钢筋混凝土框架结构地震反应影响分析[J].福州大学学报:自然科学版,2011,39(1):101-109.]
[11]Dai Hongjun,Qi Ai.Analysis on seismic-response of rein-forced concrete frame structure with staircase[J].Journal ofFuzhou University:Natural Science Edition,2010,38(2):259-265.[代红军,祁皑.考虑楼梯影响的钢筋混凝土框架结构地震反应分析[J].福州大学学报:自然科学版,2010,38(2):259-265.]
[12]Chen Xi,Wang Huaifeng,Lou Menglin,et al.Analysis onseismic performance of folded-slab stair[J].Journal ofTongji University:Natural Science Edition,2011,39(5):643-649.[陈希,王淮峰,楼梦麟,等.框架结构中折板楼梯的抗震性能分析[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2011,39(5):643-649.]
[13]GB50011—2001建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.
[14]GB50010—2002混凝土结构设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.
[15]Wang Zhe.An experimental study on the seismic behaviourof reinforced concrete frame structure with stairway[D].Chengdu:Sichuan University,2010.[王哲.钢筋混凝土楼梯间和框架结构协调作用静力模型试验研究[D].成都:四川大学,2010.]
[16]GB50152—92混凝土结构试验方法标准[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1992.
[17]Jiang Tao.HRB500 reinforced concrete frame structure staticload test study[D].Changsha:Hunan University,2009.[江涛.HRB500级钢筋混凝土框架结构静载试验研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2009.]
[18]Wang Yayong.Lessons learnt from building damages in theWenchuan Earthquake—seismic concept design of buildings[J].Journal of Building Structures,2008,29(4):20-25.[王亚勇.汶川地震建筑震害启示———抗震概念设计[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(4):20-25.]
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