网壳结构冲击响应分析方法及抗冲击特性研究
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摘要
在明确网壳结构冲击响应关键问题的基础上,提出了实用有效的网壳结构冲击响应分析方法,包括网壳结构冲击响应的特征指标(荷载作用与特征响应)、冲击响应的分析流程与计算模型三部分。并应用此方法对典型网壳(Kiewitt-8型单层球面网壳)的冲击响应特性进行研究,分析了荷载作用特点、主要节点的速度与位移变化规律、主要杆件的应力变化规律及网壳结构的能量变化特征;结果表明网壳的荷载作用是短时超强的半正弦脉冲;响应特点是在冲击瞬间冲击区局部响应骤增,并逐渐向支座方向传播,从冲击区到支座,结构局部响应依次达到极值,此外,冲击区破坏将导致速度与能量时程曲线突变。上述成果为网壳结构抗冲击研究奠定了基础,也为其他大型结构抗冲击研究提供借鉴。
The key problems in impact response study of reticulated shell were specified,and the effective analysis method for impact response of reticulated shell was established.In the method,characteristic indices(load and characteristic response),analysis schedule for impact response and its calculation model were presented.Taking Kiewitt8 single-layer reticulated shell as an example,the impact response of reticulated shell was studied.Load characteristic,law of velocity and displacement changing for main joints,law of stress changing for main members and characteristic of energy changing for structure were mainly concerned.The results show that the load is a half sine pulse with short impact duration and high peak value.The local impact response increases abruptly when impact happens,then the impact response spreads to supports gradually.The local response of structure arrives at peak value from impact zone to supports successively.Moreover,time-history curves of velocity and energy may break due to the failure of impact zone.The result lays the foundation for study on reticulated shell against impact,and provides a reference to research on other large structures under impact.
The key problems in impact response study of reticulated shell were specified,and the effective analysis method for impact response of reticulated shell was established.In the method,characteristic indices(load and characteristic response),analysis schedule for impact response and its calculation model were presented.Taking Kiewitt8 single-layer reticulated shell as an example,the impact response of reticulated shell was studied.Load characteristic,law of velocity and displacement changing for main joints,law of stress changing for main members and characteristic of energy changing for structure were mainly concerned.The results show that the load is a half sine pulse with short impact duration and high peak value.The local impact response increases abruptly when impact happens,then the impact response spreads to supports gradually.The local response of structure arrives at peak value from impact zone to supports successively.Moreover,time-history curves of velocity and energy may break due to the failure of impact zone.The result lays the foundation for study on reticulated shell against impact,and provides a reference to research on other large structures under impact.
引文
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[19]王多智,范峰,支旭东,等.冲击荷载下单层球面网壳的失效机理[J].爆炸与冲击2010,30(2):169-177.WANG Duo-zhi,FAN Feng,ZHI Xu-dong,et al.Failure mechanism of single-layer reticulated domes subjected to impact loads[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2010,30(2):169-177.
[20]王多智,范峰,支旭东,等.单层球面网壳冲击试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2011,32(8):34-41.WANG Duo-zhi,FAN Feng,ZHI Xu-dong,et al.Experimental study on single-layer reticulated dome under impact[J].Journal of Building Structures,2011,32(8):34-41.
[21]马晓青.冲击动力学[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1992:1-5.
[22]余同希,华云龙.结构塑性动力学引论[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,1994:2-3.
[23]ANSYS/LS-DYNA使用指南[M].北京:安世亚太.1999:57-58.
[24]克拉夫R,彭津J.著,王光远等译.结构动力学[M].(修订版),北京:高等教育出版社,2006:7.
[2]熊明祥.钢框架组合结构的冲击响应和防护措施研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2005.
[3]Bonder S R,Symonds P S.Experiments on dynamic plastic loading of frames[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,1979,15(1):1-13.
[4]Symonds P S,Chon C T.Large viscoplastic deflections of impulsively loaded plane frames[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,1979,15(1):15-31.
[5]刘锋,吕西林.冲击载荷作用下框架结构的非线性动力响应[J].振动工程学报,2008,21(2):107-114.LIU Feng,LXi-lin.Nonlinear dynamic responses of impulsive loaded frame structure[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2008,21(2):107-114.
[6]Lindberg B,Pedersen J B.Plastic deformation of impact loaded frames[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,1987,6(2):101-108.
[7]周清,余同希,黄筑平.直角刚架在撞击作用下的塑性大挠度响应[J].爆炸与冲击,1989,4(2):120-129.ZHOU Qing,YU Tong-xi,HUANG Zhu-ping.The large deflection of plastic response of a right-angle frame to impact[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,1989,4(2):120-129.
[8]Lynn K M,Isobe D.Structural collapse analysis of framed structures under impact loads using ASI-Gauss finite element method[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering.2007,doi:10.1016/j.ijimpeng,2006,10.011.
[9]陆新征,江见鲸.世界贸易中心飞机冲击后倒塌过程的仿真分析[J].土木工程学报,2001,34(6):8-10.LU Xin-zheng,JIANG Jian-jing.Dynamic finite element simulation for the collapse of world trade center[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2001,34(6):8-10.
[10]赵振东,钟江荣,余世舟.钢混结构物受外来飞射体冲击的破坏效应研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003,23(5):89-94.ZHAO Zhen-dong,ZHONG Jiang-rong,YU Shi-zhou.Study on damage to reinforced concrete structures by impacting of an aircraft.[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2003,23(5):89-94.
[11]郭可.单层球面网壳在冲击荷载作用下的动力响应分析[D].太原:太原理工大学,2004.
[12]史俊亮.K8型单层网壳在冲击荷载作用下的动力响应研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2005.
[13]李海旺,郭可,魏剑伟,等.冲击载荷作用下单层球面网壳动力响应模型实验研究[J].爆炸与冲击,2006,26(1):39-45.LI Hai-wang,GUO Ke,WEI Jian-wei,et al.The dynamic response of a single-layer reticulated shell to drop hammer impact[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2006,26(1):39-45.
[14]Fan F,Wang D Z,Zhi X D,et al.Failure modes of reticulated domes subjected to impact and the judgment[J].Thin-Walled Structures,2010,48(2):143-149.
[15]Fan F,Wang D Z,Zhi X D,et al.Failure modes for single-layer reticulated domes under impact loads[J].Transactions of Tianjin University,2008,14(SUPPL):545-550.
[16]Wang D Z,Fan F,Zhi X D,et al.Failure process and energy transmission for single-layer reticulated domes under impact loads[J].Transactions of Tianjin University,2008,14(SUPPL):551-557.
[17]范峰,王多智,支旭东,等.K8型单层球面网壳抗冲击荷载性能研究[J].工程力学,2009,26(6):75-81.FAN Feng,WANG Duo-zhi ZHI Xu-dong,et al.Performance for Kiewitt8single-layer reticulated domes subjected to impact load[J].Engineering Mechanics,2009,26(6):75-81.
[18]范峰,王多智,支旭东,等.冲击荷载下凯威特型球面网壳的失效模式及其判别方法[J].土木工程学报,2010,43(5):56-62.FAN Feng,WANG Duo-zhi ZHI Xu-dong,et al.Failure modes and discrimination method for Kiewitt reticulated dome under impact loads[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2010,43(5):56-62.
[19]王多智,范峰,支旭东,等.冲击荷载下单层球面网壳的失效机理[J].爆炸与冲击2010,30(2):169-177.WANG Duo-zhi,FAN Feng,ZHI Xu-dong,et al.Failure mechanism of single-layer reticulated domes subjected to impact loads[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2010,30(2):169-177.
[20]王多智,范峰,支旭东,等.单层球面网壳冲击试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2011,32(8):34-41.WANG Duo-zhi,FAN Feng,ZHI Xu-dong,et al.Experimental study on single-layer reticulated dome under impact[J].Journal of Building Structures,2011,32(8):34-41.
[21]马晓青.冲击动力学[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1992:1-5.
[22]余同希,华云龙.结构塑性动力学引论[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,1994:2-3.
[23]ANSYS/LS-DYNA使用指南[M].北京:安世亚太.1999:57-58.
[24]克拉夫R,彭津J.著,王光远等译.结构动力学[M].(修订版),北京:高等教育出版社,2006:7.
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