基于小波能量的爆破震动巷道围岩稳定性判据
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摘要
目前爆破震动荷载作用下地下围岩稳定性判别主要依靠单一强度因子的独立阈值稳定性判据,这类判据多为定性分析,没有同时考虑爆破震动三要素的综合作用效果,且未建立稳定性判据与巷道围岩破坏程度之间的定量关系,在实际工程应用中存在一定的缺陷和不足。通过建立爆破荷载作用下的不同类别巷道围岩有限元模型,提取巷道围岩的响应信号,基于小波变换理论建立时间能量密度函数分析巷道围岩响应信号的时、频域特征,进而将时间能量密度曲线与时间轴围成的面积TEDI作为评估爆破震动效应的判别指标,建立了TEDI与巷道围岩损伤程度的定量关系,为进一步完善基于小波能量理论的巷道围岩损伤预警体系奠定基础。
The stability assessment methods of surrounding rock roof under blasting load depend on the independent threshold safety criterion about the single intensity factor,which are mostly qualitative analysis without considering the three elements of the blasting vibration,so this kind of methods has some shortcomings and the insufficiency in engineering applications.The response signals are got through the numerical model of the different surrounding rock classes under blasting loads.The time-energy density function was used to analyze the time domain and frequency domain characteristics of the response signal;and the integral of the time-energy density served as eigenvalue was used to assess the blasting vibration effect.The quantitative relationship between the time-energy density integral(TEDI)and the roof damage degree of surrounding rock set the stage for improving the early warning system of rock roof damage based on the wavelet theory.
The stability assessment methods of surrounding rock roof under blasting load depend on the independent threshold safety criterion about the single intensity factor,which are mostly qualitative analysis without considering the three elements of the blasting vibration,so this kind of methods has some shortcomings and the insufficiency in engineering applications.The response signals are got through the numerical model of the different surrounding rock classes under blasting loads.The time-energy density function was used to analyze the time domain and frequency domain characteristics of the response signal;and the integral of the time-energy density served as eigenvalue was used to assess the blasting vibration effect.The quantitative relationship between the time-energy density integral(TEDI)and the roof damage degree of surrounding rock set the stage for improving the early warning system of rock roof damage based on the wavelet theory.
引文
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[2]张雪亮,黄树棠.爆破地震效应[M].北京:地震出版社,1991.
[3]国家标准局.GB6722-1986爆破安全规程[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1986.
[4]吴德伦,叶晓明.工程爆破安全振动速度综合研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1997,16(3):266-272.WU De-lun,YE Xiao-ming.A comprehensive review and commendation of blast vibration safety velocity[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1997,16(3):266-272.
[5]WILTON T J,HILL R L.Blasting vibration monitoring on anchored retaining walls and within boreholes[C]//Proceeding of Conference on Rock Engineering and Excavation in Urban Environment.Hong Kong:[s.n.],1986:421-427.
[6]BUTT S D,DEREK B A,PETER N C.Analysis of high frequency microseismicity recorded at an underground hardrock mine[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,1997,150(3-4):693-704.
[7]唐春海,于亚伦,王建宙.爆破地震动稳定性判据的初步探讨[J].有色金属,2001,53(1):1-5.TANG Chun-hai,YU Ya-lun,WANG Jian-zhou.Elementary study of safety criterion for blasting vibration[J].Nonferrous Metals,2001,53(1):1-5.
[8]国家安全生产监督管理局.GB6722-2003爆破安全规程[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2004.
[9]于德介,程军圣.基于小波变换的时-能密度分析[J].振动工程学报,2001,14(1):109-112.YU De-jie,CHENG Jun-sheng.Time-energy density analysis based on wavelet transform[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2001,14(1):109-112.
[10]凌同华,李夕兵.基于小波变换的时-能分布确定微差爆破的实际延迟时间[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(13):2260-2270.LING Tong-hua,LI Xi-bing.Time-energy analysis based on wavelet transform for identifying real delay time in millisecond blasting[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(13):2260-2270.
[11]严鹏,卢文波,罗忆,等.基于小波变换时-能密度分析的爆破开挖过程中地应力动态卸载振动到达时刻识别[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(增刊1):28362844.YAN Peng,LU Wen-bo,LUO Yi,et al.Identification of arriving time of vibration induced by geo-stress dynamic unloading during blasting-excavation employing method of time-energy analysis based on wavelet transform[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(Supp.1):2836-2844.
[12]凌同华,李夕兵,陈文胜.基于小波分析的爆破地震效应评估[J].振动与冲击,2007,26(2):124-128.LING Tong-hua,LI Xi-bing,CHEN Wen-sheng.Evalution of blast semismic effect based on wavelet analysis[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2007,26(2):124-128.
[13]中国生.基于小波变换爆破振动分析的应用基础研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2006.
[14]李夕兵,凌同华,张义平.爆破震动信号分析理论与技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.
[15]中华人民共和国建设部.GB5021M-94工程岩体分级标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1994.
[16]白金泽.LS-DYNA3D理论基础与实例分析[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.
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