循环剪切荷载作用下岩石节理变形特性试验研究
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摘要
以水泥砂浆为相似材料,制备3种岩壁强度、5种起伏角度的锯齿型节理试样;利用试验设备,进行了在4种法向应力下的循环剪切试验。根据试验结果,结合循环剪切试验特点,定义剪胀角来表征节理循环剪切的法向变形特性,以及剪切刚度来表征节理循环剪切的切向变形特性。基于不同起伏角、不同强度等级和不同法向应力下的节理试样循环剪切试验结果,分析了循环剪切过程中剪胀角和剪切刚度的变化规律;并利用不同条件下的试验结果,对比分析初始起伏角度、法向应力、岩壁强度对节理循环剪切变形特性的影响规律。研究发现:剪胀角、剪切刚度均随着剪切循环次数的增加而呈现先快、后慢的降低趋势,并且中低起伏角度节理的剪胀角、剪切刚度的降低趋势随着初始起伏角度、法向应力的增加而加快,随着岩壁强度增加而变慢,高起伏角度节理的剪胀角、剪切刚度的降低趋势基本保持不变。
Using cement-mortar as similar material,joint specimen with three joint wall strengths and five asperity angles are prepared.Then a series of cyclic shear tests are performed at four normal stresses on the cyclic shear test apparatus.Based on the test results and loading characteristics,the dilation angle and shear stiffness are defined.The normal deformation of joints under cyclic shear is characterized by dilation angle,and the tangential deformation is characterized by shear stiffness.Based on a variety of cyclic shear test results,the relationships between dilation angle and shear stiffness with shear cycles are analyzed.By comparing the results of different experimental conditions,the effects of initial asperity angles,joint wall strength and normal stress on the joint deformation properties are also analyzed.Research discovers that,the dilation angle and shear stiffness all appear a first quick back slow downward trend with the increase of cycle number.For the joint specimens with low and medium asperity angles,downward trend for dilation angle and shear stiffness shows an accelerating tendency with the increase of initial asperity angles and normal stress;but show a decelerating tendency with the increase of joint wall strengths.For the joint specimens with higher asperity angles,the downward trend for dilation angle and shear stiffness keep mainly unchanged.
Using cement-mortar as similar material,joint specimen with three joint wall strengths and five asperity angles are prepared.Then a series of cyclic shear tests are performed at four normal stresses on the cyclic shear test apparatus.Based on the test results and loading characteristics,the dilation angle and shear stiffness are defined.The normal deformation of joints under cyclic shear is characterized by dilation angle,and the tangential deformation is characterized by shear stiffness.Based on a variety of cyclic shear test results,the relationships between dilation angle and shear stiffness with shear cycles are analyzed.By comparing the results of different experimental conditions,the effects of initial asperity angles,joint wall strength and normal stress on the joint deformation properties are also analyzed.Research discovers that,the dilation angle and shear stiffness all appear a first quick back slow downward trend with the increase of cycle number.For the joint specimens with low and medium asperity angles,downward trend for dilation angle and shear stiffness shows an accelerating tendency with the increase of initial asperity angles and normal stress;but show a decelerating tendency with the increase of joint wall strengths.For the joint specimens with higher asperity angles,the downward trend for dilation angle and shear stiffness keep mainly unchanged.
引文
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[17]HUANG X A.Laboratory study of the mechanical behavior of rock joints-with particular interest to dilatancy and asperity surface damage mechanism[D].Madison:University of Wisconsin-Madison,1990.
[18]JING L,STEPHANSSON O,NORDLUND E.Study of rock joints under cyclic loading conditions[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,1993,26(3):215232.
[19]尹显俊,王光纶,张楚汉.岩体结构面切向循环加载本构关系研究[J].工程力学,2005,22(6):98-103.YIN Xian-jun,WANG Guang-lun,ZHANG Chu-han.Study of constitutive model for rock interfaces and joints under cyclic shear loading[J].Engineering Mechanics,2005,22(6):98-103.
[20]尹显俊,王光纶.岩体结构面法向循环加载本构关系研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(7):11581163.YIN Xian-jun,WANG Guang-lun.Study of constitutive model for rock interfaces and joints under normal cyclic loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(7):1158-1163.
[21]刘博,李海波,朱小明.循环剪切荷载作用下岩石节理强度劣化规律实验模拟研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(10):2033-2039.LIU Bo,LI Hai-bo,ZHU Xiao-ming.Experiment simulation study of strength degradation of rock joints under cyclic shear loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(10):2033-2039.
[2]黄润秋,许强.中国典型灾难性滑坡[M].北京:科学出版社,2008.
[3]RODRIGUEZ C E,BOMMER J J,CHANDLER R J.Earthquake-induced landslides:1980-1997[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,1999,18(5):325-346.
[4]HUANG W L.Assessment of damage in mountain tunnels due to the Taiwan Chi-Chi Earthquake[J].Tunneling and Underground Space Technology,2001,16(3):133-150.
[5]李海波,蒋会军,赵坚.动荷载作用下岩体工程安全的几个问题[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1887-1891.LI Hai-bo,JIANG Hui-jun,ZHAO Jian.Some problems about safety analysis of rock engineering under dynamic load[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(11):1887-1891.
[6]周友华,胡奉湘,饶云阶,等.地震应力产生传递与集中机制的研究[J].国际地震动态,2004,(11):8-14.ZHOU You-hua,HU Feng-xiang,RAO Yun-jie,et al.Researches on the mechanisms for the transform and concentration of seismic stresses[J].Recent Developments in World Seismology,2004,(11):8-14.
[7]胡志奇,郑文衡,陆明勇.岩体动态应力在地震机理中的作用研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2005,25(1):108-112.HU Zhi-qi,ZHENG Wen-heng,LU Ming-yong.Preliminary study on crustal stress and its effect on earthquake triggering[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2005,25(1):108-112.
[8]PLESHA M E.Constitutive models for rock discontinuities with dilatancy and surface degradation[J].International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,1987,11(4):345-362.
[9]JAFARI M K,HOSSEINI K A,PELLET F,et al.Evaluation of shear strength of rock joints subjected to cyclic loading[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2003,23(7):619-630.
[10]LEE H S,PARK Y J,CHO T F,et al.Influence of asperity degradation on the mechanical behavior of rough rock joints under cyclic shear loading[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2001,38(7):967-980.
[11]KANA D D,FOX D J,HSIUNG S M.Interlock/friction model for dynamic shear response in natural jointed rock[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1996,33(4):371-386.
[12]HOMAND F,BELEM T,SOULEY M.Friction and degradation of rock joints surfaces under shear loads[J].International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,2001,25(10):973-999.
[13]BELEM T,HOMAND-ETIENNE F,SOULEY M.Fractal analysis of shear joint roughness[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1997,34(3-4):130.e1-e16.
[14]HUTSON R W,DOWDING C H.Joint asperity degradation during cyclic shear[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1990,27(2):109-119.
[15]QIU X,PLESHA M E,HUANG X.An investigation of the mechanics of rock joints-part II:Analytical investigation[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1993,30(3):271-287.
[16]SOULEY M,HOMAND F,AMADEI B.An extension to the Saeb and Amadei constitutive model for rock joints to include cyclic loading paths[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1995,32(2):101-109.
[17]HUANG X A.Laboratory study of the mechanical behavior of rock joints-with particular interest to dilatancy and asperity surface damage mechanism[D].Madison:University of Wisconsin-Madison,1990.
[18]JING L,STEPHANSSON O,NORDLUND E.Study of rock joints under cyclic loading conditions[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,1993,26(3):215232.
[19]尹显俊,王光纶,张楚汉.岩体结构面切向循环加载本构关系研究[J].工程力学,2005,22(6):98-103.YIN Xian-jun,WANG Guang-lun,ZHANG Chu-han.Study of constitutive model for rock interfaces and joints under cyclic shear loading[J].Engineering Mechanics,2005,22(6):98-103.
[20]尹显俊,王光纶.岩体结构面法向循环加载本构关系研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(7):11581163.YIN Xian-jun,WANG Guang-lun.Study of constitutive model for rock interfaces and joints under normal cyclic loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(7):1158-1163.
[21]刘博,李海波,朱小明.循环剪切荷载作用下岩石节理强度劣化规律实验模拟研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(10):2033-2039.LIU Bo,LI Hai-bo,ZHU Xiao-ming.Experiment simulation study of strength degradation of rock joints under cyclic shear loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(10):2033-2039.
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