基于扩展有限元法的重力坝强震潜在失效模式分析
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摘要
扩展有限元法(XFEM)通过在相关节点的影响域上富集非连续位移模式,使得对非连续位移场的表征独立于单元边界,可以有效描述混凝土中的裂纹扩展。以Koyna重力坝为例,采用XFEM分析了大坝地震渐进破坏过程和失效模式,数值模拟结果与文献中的模型试验结果基本一致,验证了计算模型的有效性。考虑地震动频谱特性的影响,采用合理的地震波对国内某混凝土重力坝强震下的动力破坏过程进行了数值仿真分析,得到了不同水平地震作用下的大坝破坏形态,并概化出强震作用下混凝土重力坝的潜在失效模式,为大坝抗震设计、特定失事模式下的工程安全风险率分析及洪水演进提供计算基础。
The extended finite element method (XFEM) can make the characterization of discontinuous displacement field independent of cell boundaries by enriching discontinuous displacement mode on the influence domain of related nodes. Therefore XFEM possesses the capacity of effective describing the crack propagation in concrete. The damaged process and failure mode of Koyna gravity dam subjected to earthquake was analyzed using XFEM. The computed distribution of cracking damage is consistent with the actual condition and the model test results in literature, which verifies the validity of the calculation model. Considering the spectral characteristics of ground motion, we conducted numerical simulation of the dynamic damaged process of a concrete gravity dam based on a reasonable seismic wave. The potential failure mode of the dam under strong earthquake ground motion was generalized from the simulation results. Our work can provides the basis for the seismic design, construction safety hazard rate analysis under particular failure mode and flood routing.
The extended finite element method (XFEM) can make the characterization of discontinuous displacement field independent of cell boundaries by enriching discontinuous displacement mode on the influence domain of related nodes. Therefore XFEM possesses the capacity of effective describing the crack propagation in concrete. The damaged process and failure mode of Koyna gravity dam subjected to earthquake was analyzed using XFEM. The computed distribution of cracking damage is consistent with the actual condition and the model test results in literature, which verifies the validity of the calculation model. Considering the spectral characteristics of ground motion, we conducted numerical simulation of the dynamic damaged process of a concrete gravity dam based on a reasonable seismic wave. The potential failure mode of the dam under strong earthquake ground motion was generalized from the simulation results. Our work can provides the basis for the seismic design, construction safety hazard rate analysis under particular failure mode and flood routing.
引文
[1]Chopra A K,Chakrabarti P.The Koyna earthquake and the damage to Koyna dam[J].Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,1973,63(2):381-397.
[2]林俊高,许岳城,杨文元.新丰江大坝动力特性研究与安全评估[J].大坝与安全,1998(1):25-32.
[3]陈厚群.混凝土高坝强震震例分析和启迪[J].水利学报,2009,40(1):10-18.
[4]陈晓燕,钟红,林皋.地震作用下混凝土重力坝破坏过程与破坏形态数值仿真[J].水利学报,2011,42(10):1209-1217.
[5]Feltrin G,Wepf D,Bachmann H.Seismic cracking of concrete gravity dams[J].Dam Engineering,1990,1(4):279-289.
[6]Zhang C H,Wang G L,Wang S M,et al.Experimental tests of rolled compacted concrete and nonlinear fracture analysis of rolled compacted concrete dams[J].Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,2002,14(2):108-115.
[7]Melenk J M,Babuska I.The partition of unity finite element method:Basic theory and applications[J].Comput er Meth.in Appl.Mech.and Eng.,1996,139(1-4):289-314.
[8]Moёs N,Dolbow J,Belytschko T.A finite element method for crack growth without remeshing[J].International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering,1999,46:131-150.
[9]Belytschko T,Gracie R,Ventura G.A review of extended/generalized finite element methods for material model ing[J].Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering,2009,17(4):1-24.
[10]Stazi F L,Budyn E,Chessa J,et al.An Extended Finite Element Method with Higher-order Elements for Curved Cracks[J].Computational Mechanics,2003,31(1-2):38-48.
[11]方修君,金峰,王进廷.基于扩展有限元法的Koyna重力坝地震开裂过程模拟[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2008,48(12):2065-2069.
[12]Belytschko T,Black T.Elastic crack growth in finite elements with minimal remeshing[J].International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering,1999,45(5):601-620.
[13]Lee J,Fenves G L.A Plastic-Damage Concrete Model for earthquake analysis of dams[J].Earthquake Engineer ing and Structural Dynamics,1998,27(9):937-956.
[14]Wang Guanglun,Pekau O A,Zhang Chuhan,et al.Seismic fracture analysis of concrete gravity dams based on nonlinear fracture mechanics[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,2000,65(1):67-87.
[15]National Research Council.Earthquake Engineering for Concrete Dams:Design,Performance,and Research Needs[M].National Academies Press,USA,1990:99-100.
[2]林俊高,许岳城,杨文元.新丰江大坝动力特性研究与安全评估[J].大坝与安全,1998(1):25-32.
[3]陈厚群.混凝土高坝强震震例分析和启迪[J].水利学报,2009,40(1):10-18.
[4]陈晓燕,钟红,林皋.地震作用下混凝土重力坝破坏过程与破坏形态数值仿真[J].水利学报,2011,42(10):1209-1217.
[5]Feltrin G,Wepf D,Bachmann H.Seismic cracking of concrete gravity dams[J].Dam Engineering,1990,1(4):279-289.
[6]Zhang C H,Wang G L,Wang S M,et al.Experimental tests of rolled compacted concrete and nonlinear fracture analysis of rolled compacted concrete dams[J].Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,2002,14(2):108-115.
[7]Melenk J M,Babuska I.The partition of unity finite element method:Basic theory and applications[J].Comput er Meth.in Appl.Mech.and Eng.,1996,139(1-4):289-314.
[8]Moёs N,Dolbow J,Belytschko T.A finite element method for crack growth without remeshing[J].International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering,1999,46:131-150.
[9]Belytschko T,Gracie R,Ventura G.A review of extended/generalized finite element methods for material model ing[J].Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering,2009,17(4):1-24.
[10]Stazi F L,Budyn E,Chessa J,et al.An Extended Finite Element Method with Higher-order Elements for Curved Cracks[J].Computational Mechanics,2003,31(1-2):38-48.
[11]方修君,金峰,王进廷.基于扩展有限元法的Koyna重力坝地震开裂过程模拟[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2008,48(12):2065-2069.
[12]Belytschko T,Black T.Elastic crack growth in finite elements with minimal remeshing[J].International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering,1999,45(5):601-620.
[13]Lee J,Fenves G L.A Plastic-Damage Concrete Model for earthquake analysis of dams[J].Earthquake Engineer ing and Structural Dynamics,1998,27(9):937-956.
[14]Wang Guanglun,Pekau O A,Zhang Chuhan,et al.Seismic fracture analysis of concrete gravity dams based on nonlinear fracture mechanics[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,2000,65(1):67-87.
[15]National Research Council.Earthquake Engineering for Concrete Dams:Design,Performance,and Research Needs[M].National Academies Press,USA,1990:99-100.
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