建筑结构倒塌破坏的数值模拟方法综述
|
摘要
对建筑结构倒塌破坏的数值模拟方法进行了综述,可归纳为预设损伤与破坏准则、隐式有限元、显式有限元、颗粒离散单元法等4类,分别就其发展历史和实际应用过程中存在的若干缺陷和问题进行探讨。根据颗粒离散元法的基本原理与特点,以某3跨10层的高层框架结构为算例,建立颗粒流模型,基于PFC2D软件编写程序,模拟该结构在突遭水平强击作用下从构件裂纹扩展、断裂、失效、退出工作、结构局部性坍塌一直到整体倒塌的全部动态过程,表明颗粒离散元法可对二维、三维倒塌过程中存在的大量非线性问题进行处理,与其他方法相比较具有较大优势。
The current major simulation methods for building structure collapse were summarized and these methods were grouped under four heads:pre-specified damage and failure criteria,implicit finite element method,explicit finite element method and discrete element method.The corresponding development histories were introduced,respectively.And the defects and problems were discussed which appearing in the building simulation by these methods.Based on the basic principle and characteristic of the discrete element method for particle materials,its advantages were analyzed in the simulation of structure collapse.Then by taking a 3-span,10-floor senior frame structure under horizontal strong impact as an example,aprogram based on PFC2D was written and a particle flow model was developed to simulate the whole dynamic process from structural member cracking,fracture and failure to part collapse of structure and whole collapse.In the end,the directions and problems to the further study were brought forward.
The current major simulation methods for building structure collapse were summarized and these methods were grouped under four heads:pre-specified damage and failure criteria,implicit finite element method,explicit finite element method and discrete element method.The corresponding development histories were introduced,respectively.And the defects and problems were discussed which appearing in the building simulation by these methods.Based on the basic principle and characteristic of the discrete element method for particle materials,its advantages were analyzed in the simulation of structure collapse.Then by taking a 3-span,10-floor senior frame structure under horizontal strong impact as an example,aprogram based on PFC2D was written and a particle flow model was developed to simulate the whole dynamic process from structural member cracking,fracture and failure to part collapse of structure and whole collapse.In the end,the directions and problems to the further study were brought forward.
引文
[1]刘西拉.结构工程学科的现状与展望[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1997.
[2]GB50010-2010,混凝土结构设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.
[3]张雷明,刘西拉.钢筋混凝土结构倒塌分析的前沿研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003,23(3):47-51.Zhang Lei-ming,Liu Xi-la.Forward research of collapse analysis of reinforced concrete structures[J].Earth Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2003,23(3):47-51.
[4]叶献国.基于非线性分析的钢筋混凝土结构地震反应与破损的数值模拟[J].土木工程学报,1998,31(4):3-13Ye Xian-guo.Simulation of earthquake response and damage of RC structures based on the nonlinear dynamic sis[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,1998,31(4):3-13.
[5]顾祥林,孙飞飞.混凝土结构的计算机仿真[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2002.
[6]焦双健,冯启民,付长文.钢筋混凝土框架结构地震破坏的计算机模拟方法[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(2):54-59.Jiao Shuang-jian,Feng Qi-min,Fu Chang-wen.Simulation method for earthquake damage to RC frames[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2002,22(2):54-59.
[7]于海洋.钢筋混凝土结构地震损伤模型研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2004.
[8]刘海卿,陈小波,王学庆,等.基于损伤指数的框架结构损伤演化研究[J].自然灾害学报,2008,17(3):29-35.Liu Hai-qing,Chen Xiao-bo,Wang Xue-qing,et al.Study on damage evolution of frame structure based on damage index[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2008,17(3):29-35.
[9]Park Y J.Inelastic damage analysis of reinforced concrete frame shall wall structures[R].NCEER-87-0008,USA,1987.
[10]Li K N.Canny-C:A computer program for 3Dnonlinear dynamic analysis of building structures[R].No.CE004,National University of Singapore,1993.
[11]William F C.Documentation of strengths and weakness of current computer analysis methods for seismic performance of RC members[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1999,19(1):43-48.
[12]汪梦甫,沈蒲生.钢筋混凝土空间高层框架非线性地震反应分析[J].湖南大学学报,1998,25(3):64-69.Wang Meng-fu,Shen Pu-sheng.Nonlinear seismic response analysis of reinforce concrete space frame[J].Journal of Hunan University,1998,25(3):64-69.
[13]杜宏彪,房营光,沈聚敏.空间钢筋混凝土框架结构的非线性地震反应[J].地震工程与工程振动,1999,19(2):81-86.Du Hong-biao,Fang Ying-guang,Shen Ju-ming.Nonlinear seismic response of reinforce concrete space frame[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1999,19(2):81-86.
[14]姬守中,江欢成,吕西林.双轴反复荷载作用下钢筋混凝土空间框架结构滞回全过程分析[J].力学季刊,2002,23(4):455-462.Ji Shou-zhong,Jiang Huan-cheng,LüXi-lin.Full-range hysteretic analysis of RC frame structures subjected to biaxial reversed cyclic loading[J].Chinese Quarterly of Mechanics,2002,23(4):455-462.
[15]李康宁,洪亮,叶献国.结构三维弹塑性分析方法及其在建筑物震害研究中的应用[J].建筑结构,2001,31(3):53-58.Li Kang-ning,Hong Liang,Ye Xian-guo.Nonlinear analysis of 3Dmodels and application in research of a building damaged in earthquake[J].Building Structure,2001,31(3):53-58.
[16]袁景,刘海卿,刘东.强震作用下钢筋混凝土框架结构倒塌破坏的三维仿真分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2010,30(增刊):115-119.Yuan Jing,Liu Hai-qing,Liu Dong.Three-dimensional simulation analysis of reinforced concrete frame structure collapsed under Severe Earthquake[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2010,30(Suppl):115-119.
[17]Lorig L J,Cundall P A.Modeling of reinforced concrete using the distinct element method[C]∥SEM-RILEM International Conference:Fracture of Concrete and Rock.New York:Springer,1989:276-287.
[18]Hakuno M,Meguro K.Simulation of concrete-frame collapse due to dynamic loading[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1993,119(9):1709-1723.
[19]孙利民,秦东,范立础.扩展散体单元法在钢筋混凝土桥梁倒塌分析中的应用[J].土木工程学报,2002,35(6):53-58.Sun Li-min,Qin Dong,Fan Li-chu.A new model for collapse analysis of reinforced concrete bridge[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2002,35(6):53-58.
[20]Tagel D H,Meguro K.Analysis of small scale RC building subjected to shaking table test using applied element method[C]∥Proceedings of 12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Auckland,New Zealand,2000.
[21]Meguro K,Tagel D H.Applied element simulation of rc structures under cyclic loading[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2001,127(11):1295-1305.
[22]李承,顾祥林.基于离散单元法的钢筋混凝土框架结构爆破拆除计算机仿真[D].上海:同济大学,2000.
[23]宣纲,顾祥林,吕西林.强震作用下混凝土框架结构倒塌过程的数值分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003,23(6):24-30.Xuan Gang,Gu Xiang-lin,LüXi-lin.Numerical analysis of collapse process for RC frame structures subjected to strong earthquakes[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2003,23(6):24-30.
[24]Cundall P A,Stack D L.A discrete numerical model for granular assemblies[J].Geotechique,1979,29:47-65.
[25]Itasca Consulting Group.PFC2Duser’s manual ver 3.0[M].Sudbury Itasca Consulting Group Inc.,2003.
[2]GB50010-2010,混凝土结构设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.
[3]张雷明,刘西拉.钢筋混凝土结构倒塌分析的前沿研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003,23(3):47-51.Zhang Lei-ming,Liu Xi-la.Forward research of collapse analysis of reinforced concrete structures[J].Earth Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2003,23(3):47-51.
[4]叶献国.基于非线性分析的钢筋混凝土结构地震反应与破损的数值模拟[J].土木工程学报,1998,31(4):3-13Ye Xian-guo.Simulation of earthquake response and damage of RC structures based on the nonlinear dynamic sis[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,1998,31(4):3-13.
[5]顾祥林,孙飞飞.混凝土结构的计算机仿真[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2002.
[6]焦双健,冯启民,付长文.钢筋混凝土框架结构地震破坏的计算机模拟方法[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(2):54-59.Jiao Shuang-jian,Feng Qi-min,Fu Chang-wen.Simulation method for earthquake damage to RC frames[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2002,22(2):54-59.
[7]于海洋.钢筋混凝土结构地震损伤模型研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2004.
[8]刘海卿,陈小波,王学庆,等.基于损伤指数的框架结构损伤演化研究[J].自然灾害学报,2008,17(3):29-35.Liu Hai-qing,Chen Xiao-bo,Wang Xue-qing,et al.Study on damage evolution of frame structure based on damage index[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,2008,17(3):29-35.
[9]Park Y J.Inelastic damage analysis of reinforced concrete frame shall wall structures[R].NCEER-87-0008,USA,1987.
[10]Li K N.Canny-C:A computer program for 3Dnonlinear dynamic analysis of building structures[R].No.CE004,National University of Singapore,1993.
[11]William F C.Documentation of strengths and weakness of current computer analysis methods for seismic performance of RC members[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1999,19(1):43-48.
[12]汪梦甫,沈蒲生.钢筋混凝土空间高层框架非线性地震反应分析[J].湖南大学学报,1998,25(3):64-69.Wang Meng-fu,Shen Pu-sheng.Nonlinear seismic response analysis of reinforce concrete space frame[J].Journal of Hunan University,1998,25(3):64-69.
[13]杜宏彪,房营光,沈聚敏.空间钢筋混凝土框架结构的非线性地震反应[J].地震工程与工程振动,1999,19(2):81-86.Du Hong-biao,Fang Ying-guang,Shen Ju-ming.Nonlinear seismic response of reinforce concrete space frame[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1999,19(2):81-86.
[14]姬守中,江欢成,吕西林.双轴反复荷载作用下钢筋混凝土空间框架结构滞回全过程分析[J].力学季刊,2002,23(4):455-462.Ji Shou-zhong,Jiang Huan-cheng,LüXi-lin.Full-range hysteretic analysis of RC frame structures subjected to biaxial reversed cyclic loading[J].Chinese Quarterly of Mechanics,2002,23(4):455-462.
[15]李康宁,洪亮,叶献国.结构三维弹塑性分析方法及其在建筑物震害研究中的应用[J].建筑结构,2001,31(3):53-58.Li Kang-ning,Hong Liang,Ye Xian-guo.Nonlinear analysis of 3Dmodels and application in research of a building damaged in earthquake[J].Building Structure,2001,31(3):53-58.
[16]袁景,刘海卿,刘东.强震作用下钢筋混凝土框架结构倒塌破坏的三维仿真分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2010,30(增刊):115-119.Yuan Jing,Liu Hai-qing,Liu Dong.Three-dimensional simulation analysis of reinforced concrete frame structure collapsed under Severe Earthquake[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2010,30(Suppl):115-119.
[17]Lorig L J,Cundall P A.Modeling of reinforced concrete using the distinct element method[C]∥SEM-RILEM International Conference:Fracture of Concrete and Rock.New York:Springer,1989:276-287.
[18]Hakuno M,Meguro K.Simulation of concrete-frame collapse due to dynamic loading[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1993,119(9):1709-1723.
[19]孙利民,秦东,范立础.扩展散体单元法在钢筋混凝土桥梁倒塌分析中的应用[J].土木工程学报,2002,35(6):53-58.Sun Li-min,Qin Dong,Fan Li-chu.A new model for collapse analysis of reinforced concrete bridge[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2002,35(6):53-58.
[20]Tagel D H,Meguro K.Analysis of small scale RC building subjected to shaking table test using applied element method[C]∥Proceedings of 12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Auckland,New Zealand,2000.
[21]Meguro K,Tagel D H.Applied element simulation of rc structures under cyclic loading[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2001,127(11):1295-1305.
[22]李承,顾祥林.基于离散单元法的钢筋混凝土框架结构爆破拆除计算机仿真[D].上海:同济大学,2000.
[23]宣纲,顾祥林,吕西林.强震作用下混凝土框架结构倒塌过程的数值分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003,23(6):24-30.Xuan Gang,Gu Xiang-lin,LüXi-lin.Numerical analysis of collapse process for RC frame structures subjected to strong earthquakes[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2003,23(6):24-30.
[24]Cundall P A,Stack D L.A discrete numerical model for granular assemblies[J].Geotechique,1979,29:47-65.
[25]Itasca Consulting Group.PFC2Duser’s manual ver 3.0[M].Sudbury Itasca Consulting Group Inc.,2003.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心