页岩气储层压裂改造关键技术及发展趋势
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摘要
页岩气是国内外新兴的非常规新能源,可作为常规能源的重要补充,在当前世界能源紧缺形势下具有特别重要的战略意义。当前,我国页岩气资源潜力巨大,尚处于起步阶段,远落后于北美地区的商业化开发,但国家高度重视页岩气的勘探开发,以有效缓解能源紧缺。页岩气高效开发的关键在于储层的水平井压裂改造,也是当前我国页岩气产业面临的重大困难之一。整理和比较了多级压裂、清水压裂、同步压裂、水力喷射压裂、重复压裂、CO2与N2泡沫压裂、缝网压裂等当前储层压裂改造的关键技术及适用条件,对比了压裂中常用的滑溜水、复合压裂液、泡沫等各类压裂液体系和各类添加剂的优劣效果,总结了井下微地震、测斜仪、直接近井筒裂隙监测、分布式声感器等常用的裂缝监测技术适用范围。初步展望认为,超高导流能力压裂和超临界CO2开发技术是未来的发展趋势。
Shale gas,the new abnormal energy at home and abroad,can be used as an important complement of conventional energy sources.It is very important in the strategy in the current situation of energy shortage in the world.Chinese shale gas with tremendous resources potential but in infancy,although it is lag far behind the commercial exploitation of North America,has got great attention from the Country on exploration and development to relieve the energy shortage effectively.The key to the efficient development in shale gas lies in the reservoir of horizontal wells fracturing transformation,which is one of major difficulties in our shale gas industry now.This paper compared the key technology and suitable conditions of multilevel fracturing,clean-water fracturing,synchronous fracturing,hydropower spray fracturing,repeat fracturing,CO2 and N2 foam fracturing,sewing nets fracturing in the current reservoir fracturing reform.It contrasts the quality effect of kinds of fracturing fluid system including the fracturing water used in gliding,compound fracture fluid,foam and also the kinds of additives.This paper also summarizes the applicable scope of the common fracture monitoring technology including the underground micro earthquake,the inclined meter,the near wellbore direct fracture monitoring and the distributed voice sensors.This paper predicts the future trend of development to the high diverting capacity of fracturing and supercritical CO2 development technology.
Shale gas,the new abnormal energy at home and abroad,can be used as an important complement of conventional energy sources.It is very important in the strategy in the current situation of energy shortage in the world.Chinese shale gas with tremendous resources potential but in infancy,although it is lag far behind the commercial exploitation of North America,has got great attention from the Country on exploration and development to relieve the energy shortage effectively.The key to the efficient development in shale gas lies in the reservoir of horizontal wells fracturing transformation,which is one of major difficulties in our shale gas industry now.This paper compared the key technology and suitable conditions of multilevel fracturing,clean-water fracturing,synchronous fracturing,hydropower spray fracturing,repeat fracturing,CO2 and N2 foam fracturing,sewing nets fracturing in the current reservoir fracturing reform.It contrasts the quality effect of kinds of fracturing fluid system including the fracturing water used in gliding,compound fracture fluid,foam and also the kinds of additives.This paper also summarizes the applicable scope of the common fracture monitoring technology including the underground micro earthquake,the inclined meter,the near wellbore direct fracture monitoring and the distributed voice sensors.This paper predicts the future trend of development to the high diverting capacity of fracturing and supercritical CO2 development technology.
引文
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