缓冲型颗粒阻尼器减振控制的试验研究
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摘要
颗粒阻尼的概念被广泛应用在机械和航空领域,尤其是为处于极端状态下(比如极端温度或者真空等)的结构,提供阻尼以减小主体结构的振动,但其在土木工程的应用还处在起步阶段。缓冲型颗粒阻尼器是对传统刚性内壁颗粒阻尼器的一种改进。通过三层钢框架附加缓冲型颗粒阻尼器的自由振动,稳态随机激励以及实际地震波输入下的振动台试验,考察了该装置对建筑结构的减振控制效果。试验研究表明:缓冲型颗粒阻尼器在合适的质量比下,能够达到最佳减振效果;对于各种动力作用,阻尼器都能达到减振的目的,其中对稳态随机激励的减振效果最好;对于多自由度结构,能够有效控制第一振型的振动,但是对高阶振型的控制作用无法保证。
The concept of particle damping is widely used in mechanical and aerospace engineering,especially for structures under extreme conditions(e.g.,extreme temperature,vacuum,etc),as it can provide extra damping to reduce the primary system's vibration.However,it has still limited applications in civil engineering.The buffered particle damper is an improvement of a traditional rigid particle damper.The vibration reduction effects of buffered particle dampers under free vibration,stationary random excitation,and onsite earthquake excitations,were investigated by a series of shaking table tests of a three storey steel frame with such a device.It is shown that provided suitable mass ratio,buffered particle dampers can get optimal reduction effects;it has good performance in reducing the response of structures under dynamic loads,especially under stationary random excitation case;it can effectively control the fundamental mode of the multi-degree-of-freedom system;however,the control effect for higher modes is variable.
The concept of particle damping is widely used in mechanical and aerospace engineering,especially for structures under extreme conditions(e.g.,extreme temperature,vacuum,etc),as it can provide extra damping to reduce the primary system's vibration.However,it has still limited applications in civil engineering.The buffered particle damper is an improvement of a traditional rigid particle damper.The vibration reduction effects of buffered particle dampers under free vibration,stationary random excitation,and onsite earthquake excitations,were investigated by a series of shaking table tests of a three storey steel frame with such a device.It is shown that provided suitable mass ratio,buffered particle dampers can get optimal reduction effects;it has good performance in reducing the response of structures under dynamic loads,especially under stationary random excitation case;it can effectively control the fundamental mode of the multi-degree-of-freedom system;however,the control effect for higher modes is variable.
引文
[1]鲁正,吕西林,闫维明.颗粒阻尼器减震控制的试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2012,45(增1):243-247(LuZheng,Lu Xilin,Yan Weiming.Experimentalinvestigation into the vibration control effects of particledampers[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2012,45(S1):243-247(in Chinese))
[2]闫维明,黄韵文,何浩祥,等.颗粒阻尼技术及其在土木工程中的应用展望[J].世界地震工程,2010,26(4):18-24(Yan Weiming,Huang Yunwen,He Haoxiang,etal.Particle damping technology and its application prospectin civil engineering[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2010,26(4):18-24(in Chinese))
[3]Ogawa K,Ide T,Saitou T.Application of impact massdamper to a cable-stayed bridge pylon[J].Journal of WindEngineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,1997,72(1-3):301-312
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[5]Araki Y,Yuhki Y,Yikomichi I,et al.Impact damperwith granular materials III:Indicial response[J].Bulletinof JSME,1985,28(240):1121-1217
[6]李伟,朱德懋,胡选利,等.豆包阻尼器的减振特性研究[J].航空学报,1999,20(2):168-170(Li Wei,ZhuDemao,Hu Xuanli,et al.Study on the dampingcharacteristics of bean bag damper[J].Acta AeronauticaEt Astronautica Sinica,1999,20(2):168-170(inChinese))
[7]段勇,陈前.软内壁颗粒阻尼器阻尼特性试验研究[J].振动工程学报,2011,24(2):215-220(Duan Yong,Chen Qian.Experimental investigation of dampingproperties of the particle dampers with soft lining[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2011,24(2):215-220(in Chinese))
[8]Li K,Darby A P.Experiments on the effect of an impactdamper on a multiple-degree-of-freedom system[J].Journal of Vibration and Control,2006,12(5):445-464
[9]Li K,Darby A P.An experimental investigation into theuse of a buffered impact damper[J].Journal of Sound andVibration,2006,(291):844-860
[2]闫维明,黄韵文,何浩祥,等.颗粒阻尼技术及其在土木工程中的应用展望[J].世界地震工程,2010,26(4):18-24(Yan Weiming,Huang Yunwen,He Haoxiang,etal.Particle damping technology and its application prospectin civil engineering[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2010,26(4):18-24(in Chinese))
[3]Ogawa K,Ide T,Saitou T.Application of impact massdamper to a cable-stayed bridge pylon[J].Journal of WindEngineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,1997,72(1-3):301-312
[4]Naeim F,Lew M,Carpenter L D,et al.Performance oftall buildings in Santiago,Chile during the 27 February2010 offshore Maule,Chile earthquake[J].The StructuralDesign of Tall and Special Buildings,2011,20(1):1-16
[5]Araki Y,Yuhki Y,Yikomichi I,et al.Impact damperwith granular materials III:Indicial response[J].Bulletinof JSME,1985,28(240):1121-1217
[6]李伟,朱德懋,胡选利,等.豆包阻尼器的减振特性研究[J].航空学报,1999,20(2):168-170(Li Wei,ZhuDemao,Hu Xuanli,et al.Study on the dampingcharacteristics of bean bag damper[J].Acta AeronauticaEt Astronautica Sinica,1999,20(2):168-170(inChinese))
[7]段勇,陈前.软内壁颗粒阻尼器阻尼特性试验研究[J].振动工程学报,2011,24(2):215-220(Duan Yong,Chen Qian.Experimental investigation of dampingproperties of the particle dampers with soft lining[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2011,24(2):215-220(in Chinese))
[8]Li K,Darby A P.Experiments on the effect of an impactdamper on a multiple-degree-of-freedom system[J].Journal of Vibration and Control,2006,12(5):445-464
[9]Li K,Darby A P.An experimental investigation into theuse of a buffered impact damper[J].Journal of Sound andVibration,2006,(291):844-860
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