潮间带原位剪切波速特性探讨及应用分析
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摘要
探讨适用于近海及潮间带场区的剪切波速原位测试方法,针对黄海小洋口潮间带,进行剪切波速的原位测试,分析剪切波速的变化规律及其与土体参数的统计关系,并建立复合关系进行剪切波速预测分析,同时基于剪切波速测试成果进行应用分析。研究结果如下:通过经适性对比,近海及潮间带剪切波速测试采用单孔悬挂式方法较为适宜;剪切波速与测点深度呈相关性较好幂函数关系,按土层的统计关系分析,幂函数及其误差包络线基本反映了规律性;与土体物理力学参数的统计关系呈相关性较好幂函数或线性关系;基于测试资料,建立剪切波速s V、孔隙比e、密度及有效自重应力的复合关系,通过计算对比分析,按此方法可以取得良好的剪切波速预测结果,亦可进行相关指标的预测分析;通过原位测试资料,进行场地土类划分对比、动参数规律性分析及地震液化判定分析,可为工程勘测、设计人员提供参考。
Test methods which are suitable for testing shear wave velocity in the offshore site and intertidal zone are studied and compared.The shear wave velocity in-situ test for the Xiaoyangkou intertidal zone of Yellow Sea is conducted.The statistical relationships between change law of shear wave velocity and soil parameters are analyzed and the shear wave velocity is predicted by the built relationships.In addition,some applications of test data are analyzed.The research results show that:(1) The suspension test method for shear wave velocity is appropriate in the study site by the comparison of economic applicability.(2) There exist power function relationships between the shear wave velocity and the depth of test data and they have a good relativity.In the meantime,according to statistical relationship analysis of soil layers,the correlations and envelope curves basically reflect their regularity.(3) The relationships between shear wave velocity and soil parameters are power or linear functions,and they correlated well.(4) Based on the test data,compound relationships are established among shear wave velocity s V,void ratio e,density and effective gravity stress.Based on the methods,good function results can be achieved through the contrast analysis of the calculation results;and other prediction analysis for relative parameters can also be performed.(5) Furthermore,based on the in-situ test data,soil type classification,dynamic parameters calculation and earthquake liquefaction judgments are carried out.The methods and results can provide references for survey and design engineers.
Test methods which are suitable for testing shear wave velocity in the offshore site and intertidal zone are studied and compared.The shear wave velocity in-situ test for the Xiaoyangkou intertidal zone of Yellow Sea is conducted.The statistical relationships between change law of shear wave velocity and soil parameters are analyzed and the shear wave velocity is predicted by the built relationships.In addition,some applications of test data are analyzed.The research results show that:(1) The suspension test method for shear wave velocity is appropriate in the study site by the comparison of economic applicability.(2) There exist power function relationships between the shear wave velocity and the depth of test data and they have a good relativity.In the meantime,according to statistical relationship analysis of soil layers,the correlations and envelope curves basically reflect their regularity.(3) The relationships between shear wave velocity and soil parameters are power or linear functions,and they correlated well.(4) Based on the test data,compound relationships are established among shear wave velocity s V,void ratio e,density and effective gravity stress.Based on the methods,good function results can be achieved through the contrast analysis of the calculation results;and other prediction analysis for relative parameters can also be performed.(5) Furthermore,based on the in-situ test data,soil type classification,dynamic parameters calculation and earthquake liquefaction judgments are carried out.The methods and results can provide references for survey and design engineers.
引文
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[6]刘红帅,郑桐,齐文浩,等.常规土类剪切波速与埋深的关系分析[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(7):1 142–1 149.(LIU Hongshuai,ZHENG Tong,QI Wenhao,et al.Relationship analysis of shear wavevelocity and soil layer depth about ordinary soil[J].Chinese Journal ofGeotechnical Engineering,2010,32(7):1 142–1 149.(in Chinese))
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[8]HASANCEBI N,ULUSAY R.Empirical correlations between shearwave velocity and penetration resistance for ground shaking assessments[J].Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment,2007,66(2):203–213.
[9]SEED H B,IDRISS I M,ARANGO I.Evaluation of liquefactionpotential using field performance data[J].Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering,1983,109(3):458–482.
[10]SYKORA D W,KOESTER J P.Correlation between dynamic shearresistance and standard penetration resistance in soils[M].[S.l.]:Geotechnical Special Publication,1988:389–404.
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[12]European Committee for Standardization.EN 1998 Euro code 8:designof structures for earthquake resistance,part 1:general rules,seismicaction and rules for buildings[S].London:Taylor and Francis,2004.
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[14]汪闻韶.剪切波速在评估地基饱和砂层地震液化可能性中的应用[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23(6):655–658.(WANG Wenshao.Utilizationof shear wave velocity in assessment of liquefaction potential ofsaturated sand under level ground during earthquakes[J].ChineseJournal of Geotechnical Engineering,2001,23(6):655–658.(inChinese))
[15]中华人民共和国国家标准编写组.GB50487—2008水利水电工程地质勘察规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2008.(The National StandardsCompilation Group of People′s Republic of China.GB50487—2008Code for engineering geological investigation of water resources andhydropower[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2008.(in Chinese))
[16]ANDRUS D A,STOKE K H.Liquefaction resistance of soils fromshear wave velocity[J].Journal of Geotechnical and GeoenvironmentalEngineering,2000,126(11):1 015–1 025.
[17]ANDRUS D A,PIRATHEEPAN P,ELLIS B S,et al.Comparingliquefaction evaluation methods using penetration-Vsrelationships[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2004,24(9/10):713–721.
[18]JUANG C H,JIANG T,ANDRUS R D.Assessing probability-basedmethods for liquefaction potential evaluation[J].Journal of Geotechnicaland Geoenvironmental Engineering,2002,128(7):580–589.
[19]BOULANGER R W,IDRISS I M.State normalization of penetrationresistances and the effect of overburden stress on liquefaction resistance[C]//Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Soil Dynamicsand Earthquake Engineering.[S.l.]:Stallion Press,2004:484–491.
[2]HARDIN B O,DRNEVICH V P.Shear modulus and damping insoils:design equations and curves[J].Journal of Soil Mechanics andFoundation Engineering,ASCE,1972,98(7):667–692.
[3]OHTA Y,GOTO N.Empirical shear wave velocity equations in termsof characteristics soil indexes[J].Earthquake Engineering and StructuralDynamics,1978,6(2):167–187.
[4]MAYNE P W,RIX G J.Correlations between shear wave velocity andcone tip resistance in natural clays[J].Soils and Foundations,1995,35(2):193–194.
[5]程祖锋,李萍,李燕,等.深圳地区部分岩土类型剪切波速与深度的关系分析[J].工程地质学报,1997,(2):161–168.(CHENGZufeng,LI Ping,LI Yan,et a1.Relationship analysis of some kind ofsoil rock shear wave velocity of Shenzhen[J].Journal of EngineeringGeology,1997,(2):161–168.(in Chinese))
[6]刘红帅,郑桐,齐文浩,等.常规土类剪切波速与埋深的关系分析[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(7):1 142–1 149.(LIU Hongshuai,ZHENG Tong,QI Wenhao,et al.Relationship analysis of shear wavevelocity and soil layer depth about ordinary soil[J].Chinese Journal ofGeotechnical Engineering,2010,32(7):1 142–1 149.(in Chinese))
[7]MANDAR P K,ANJAN P,SINGH D N.Application of shear wavevelocity for characterizing clays from coastal regions[J].Journal ofCivil Engineering,ASCE,2010,14(3):307–321.
[8]HASANCEBI N,ULUSAY R.Empirical correlations between shearwave velocity and penetration resistance for ground shaking assessments[J].Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment,2007,66(2):203–213.
[9]SEED H B,IDRISS I M,ARANGO I.Evaluation of liquefactionpotential using field performance data[J].Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering,1983,109(3):458–482.
[10]SYKORA D W,KOESTER J P.Correlation between dynamic shearresistance and standard penetration resistance in soils[M].[S.l.]:Geotechnical Special Publication,1988:389–404.
[11]中华人民共和国国家标准编写组.GB50011—2010建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.(The National StandardsCompilation Group of People′s Republic of China.GB50011—2010Code for seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:China Architectureand Building Press,2010.(in Chinese))
[12]European Committee for Standardization.EN 1998 Euro code 8:designof structures for earthquake resistance,part 1:general rules,seismicaction and rules for buildings[S].London:Taylor and Francis,2004.
[13]中华人民共和国国家标准编写组.GB50021—2001岩土工程勘察规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.(The National StandardsCompilation Group of People′s Republic of China.GB50021—2001Code for investigation of geotechnical engineering[S].Beijing:ChinaArchitecture and Building Press,2009.(in Chinese))
[14]汪闻韶.剪切波速在评估地基饱和砂层地震液化可能性中的应用[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23(6):655–658.(WANG Wenshao.Utilizationof shear wave velocity in assessment of liquefaction potential ofsaturated sand under level ground during earthquakes[J].ChineseJournal of Geotechnical Engineering,2001,23(6):655–658.(inChinese))
[15]中华人民共和国国家标准编写组.GB50487—2008水利水电工程地质勘察规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2008.(The National StandardsCompilation Group of People′s Republic of China.GB50487—2008Code for engineering geological investigation of water resources andhydropower[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2008.(in Chinese))
[16]ANDRUS D A,STOKE K H.Liquefaction resistance of soils fromshear wave velocity[J].Journal of Geotechnical and GeoenvironmentalEngineering,2000,126(11):1 015–1 025.
[17]ANDRUS D A,PIRATHEEPAN P,ELLIS B S,et al.Comparingliquefaction evaluation methods using penetration-Vsrelationships[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2004,24(9/10):713–721.
[18]JUANG C H,JIANG T,ANDRUS R D.Assessing probability-basedmethods for liquefaction potential evaluation[J].Journal of Geotechnicaland Geoenvironmental Engineering,2002,128(7):580–589.
[19]BOULANGER R W,IDRISS I M.State normalization of penetrationresistances and the effect of overburden stress on liquefaction resistance[C]//Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Soil Dynamicsand Earthquake Engineering.[S.l.]:Stallion Press,2004:484–491.
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