隧道与地下空间抗震防灾的若干思考
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摘要
自阪神地震后,地下空间结构的抗震设计问题已越来越受到人们的重视。通过对历次地震中地下工程震害情况的介绍,总结各类地下结构震害的特点;结合上海地铁某车站方案设计的计算结果,分析地下连体结构的抗震能力及其抗震设计要点;介绍设计中常用的几种抗震设计计算方法,提出根据地下建筑使用功能和重要性的差异确定其抗震设防目标的理念,并对地下结构的抗震构造措施进行阐述。
Increasing attention has been paid to the seismic design of tunnels and underground structures since the Osaka-Kobe Earthquake.In this paper,the seismic damage of various underground structures are presented and the characteristics of the damage are summarized.The seismic capacity and the key seismic design points of integrated underground structures are analyzed based on the calculation data of a station of Shanghai Metro.Several widely-used seismic design calculation methods are introduced,and the idea of setting the seismic fortification target of underground structures on the basis of their functions and importance is proposed.The seismic countermeasures for underground structures are also discussed.
Increasing attention has been paid to the seismic design of tunnels and underground structures since the Osaka-Kobe Earthquake.In this paper,the seismic damage of various underground structures are presented and the characteristics of the damage are summarized.The seismic capacity and the key seismic design points of integrated underground structures are analyzed based on the calculation data of a station of Shanghai Metro.Several widely-used seismic design calculation methods are introduced,and the idea of setting the seismic fortification target of underground structures on the basis of their functions and importance is proposed.The seismic countermeasures for underground structures are also discussed.
引文
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[4]William Stockton.墨西哥地震与城市建筑[J].范文献,译.世界科学,1986(9):26-27.
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[11]高波,王峥峥,袁松,等.汶川地震公路隧道震害启示[J].西南交通大学学报,2009(3):42-47,80.(GAO Bo,WANG Zhengzheng,YUAN Song,et al.Lessons learnt from damage of highway tunnel in Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2009(3):42-47,80.(in Chinese))
[12]DG/T J08-2064—2009地下铁道建筑结构抗震设计规范[S].上海:上海市城乡建设和交通委员会,2009.
[13]郑永来,杨林德,李文艺,等.地下结构抗震[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2005.
[14]郑永来,杨林德,李文艺,等.地下结构抗震[M].2版.上海:同济大学出版社,2011.
[15]商金华,杨林德.软土场地地铁车站抗震计算的等代地震加速度法[J].华南地震,2010,30(1):6-15.(SHANG Jinhua,YANG Linde.Equivalent static method of seismic calculation for substation in soft site[J].South China Journal of Seismology,2010,30(1):6-15.(in Chinese))
[16]禹海涛,袁勇,张中杰,等.反应位移法在复杂地下结构抗震中的应用[J].地下空间与工程学报,2011,7(5):857-862.(YU Haitao,YUAN Yong,ZHANG Zhongjie,et al.Application of response displacement method on seismic design of a complex underground structure[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2011,7(5):857-562.(in Chinese))
[17]李建亮,赵晶,李福海,等.结构抗震设计时程分析法的分析研究[J].四川地震,2011(4):25-28.(LI Jianliang,ZHAO Jing,LI Fuhai,et al.Analysis of Time-History analysis method on the seismic design[J].Earthquake Research in Sichuan,2011(4):25-28.(in Chiense))
[18]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.GB 50011—2010建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.
[2]苏幼坡,马亚杰,刘瑞兴.城市生命线地震震害相互影响[J].河北理工学院学报,2001,23(2):84-89.(SU Youpo,MA Yajie,LIU Ruixing.The study of the mutual effects on earthquake disaster between urban lifelines[J].Journal of Hebei Institute of Technology,2001,23(2):84-89.(in Chinese))
[3]杨文忠.在唐山地震中生命线系统的破坏及其恢复[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006(3):188-189.(YANG Wenzhong.Destruction to lifeline system in Tangshan Earthquake and its recovery[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2006(3):188-189.(in Chinese))
[4]William Stockton.墨西哥地震与城市建筑[J].范文献,译.世界科学,1986(9):26-27.
[5]秦东平,韩纪强.地铁隧道抗震分析[C]//天津市土木工程学会第七届年会优秀论文集.天津:天津市市政工程设计研究院,2005.
[6]开滦煤矿井巷支护震后状况调查报告[J].煤炭科学技术,1977(8):19-23.
[7]Coal Mines Planning and Design Institute,Ministry of Coal Industry.唐山地震开滦煤矿井巷工程的震害[J].地震工程与工程振动,1982(1):67-76,87.(Coal Mines Planning and Design Institute,Ministry of Coal Industry.Damage to structures and installations in the underground excavation of the Kailuan colligery during the Tangshan Earthquake[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1982(1):67-43.87.(in Chinese))
[8]中国科学技术协会.土木工程学科发展报告[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,2009.
[9]于翔.地铁建设中应充分考虑抗地震作用:阪神地震破坏的启示[J].铁道建筑技术,2000(6):37-40,5.(YU Xiang.Earthquake resistant behavior should be stressed in subway construction:Inspiration from Osaka-Kobe earthquake[J].Railway Construction Technology,2000(6):37-40,5.(in Chinese))
[10]王明年,崔光耀,林国进.汶川地震灾区公路隧道震害调查及初步分析[J].西南公路,2009(4):45-50.
[11]高波,王峥峥,袁松,等.汶川地震公路隧道震害启示[J].西南交通大学学报,2009(3):42-47,80.(GAO Bo,WANG Zhengzheng,YUAN Song,et al.Lessons learnt from damage of highway tunnel in Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2009(3):42-47,80.(in Chinese))
[12]DG/T J08-2064—2009地下铁道建筑结构抗震设计规范[S].上海:上海市城乡建设和交通委员会,2009.
[13]郑永来,杨林德,李文艺,等.地下结构抗震[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2005.
[14]郑永来,杨林德,李文艺,等.地下结构抗震[M].2版.上海:同济大学出版社,2011.
[15]商金华,杨林德.软土场地地铁车站抗震计算的等代地震加速度法[J].华南地震,2010,30(1):6-15.(SHANG Jinhua,YANG Linde.Equivalent static method of seismic calculation for substation in soft site[J].South China Journal of Seismology,2010,30(1):6-15.(in Chinese))
[16]禹海涛,袁勇,张中杰,等.反应位移法在复杂地下结构抗震中的应用[J].地下空间与工程学报,2011,7(5):857-862.(YU Haitao,YUAN Yong,ZHANG Zhongjie,et al.Application of response displacement method on seismic design of a complex underground structure[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2011,7(5):857-562.(in Chinese))
[17]李建亮,赵晶,李福海,等.结构抗震设计时程分析法的分析研究[J].四川地震,2011(4):25-28.(LI Jianliang,ZHAO Jing,LI Fuhai,et al.Analysis of Time-History analysis method on the seismic design[J].Earthquake Research in Sichuan,2011(4):25-28.(in Chiense))
[18]中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部.GB 50011—2010建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.
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