高温后围压对花岗岩变形和强度特性的影响
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摘要
利用MTS815.02电液伺服材料试验系统完成了不同温度作用后(25℃~1000℃),不同围压下的30块花岗岩岩样的三轴压缩试验,分析了温度、围压对岩样的变形以及强度特性的影响。试验结果表明:1岩样质量随着温度的升高小幅下降,1000℃时仅比25℃时下降了0.364%;温度低于600℃时,岩样体积、密度变化不明显,温度高于600℃时,体积加速膨胀,密度减小幅度增大,1000℃时体积比25℃时膨胀了5.027%,密度降低了5.132%。2高温作用后,岩样三轴压缩应力–应变曲线大致经历了压密、弹性、屈服、破坏、软化、残余等几个阶段,岩样的刚度、峰值强度、抗剪强度、残余强度、塑性变形均随着围压的增大而增大。3岩样黏聚力随着温度的升高呈线性下降,内摩擦角随着温度的升高先增大后减小,抗剪强度随着温度的升高呈二次多项式减小关系,围压的增大削弱了温度对抗剪强度的影响。
Based on the triaxial compression tests of thirty granite samples under different confining pressures and temperatures of 25~1000℃ by MTS815.02 servo-controlled testing machine,the influence of temperature and pressure on the deformation and strength characteristics is analyzed.The test results show that:(1) The quality of rock samples decreases slightly with the increasing temperature,which decreases by only 0.364% at 1000 ℃ compared to that at 25℃.When the temperature is below 600 ℃,the volume and density have no significant change,then as the temperature rises,the volume expands with acceleration and the density decreases rapidly,and the volume expands by 5.027% and the density decreases by 5.132% at 1000℃compared to those at 25℃.(2) After high temperature,the triaxial compression stress-strain curves of rock samples have gone through the stages of compaction,elasticity,yield,destruction,softening and residual stresses.The stiffness,peak strength,shear strength,residual strength and plastic deformation of rock samples increase with the confining pressure.(3) The cohesion decreases linearly and the internal friction angle first increases and then decreases with the increasing temperature.The shear strength shows a quadratic polynomial reduced relationship as the temperature increases.The confining pressure weakens the influence of temperature on the shear strength.This work may provide the guidance for the selection of mechanical parameters of rock in the underground geotechnical engineering.
Based on the triaxial compression tests of thirty granite samples under different confining pressures and temperatures of 25~1000℃ by MTS815.02 servo-controlled testing machine,the influence of temperature and pressure on the deformation and strength characteristics is analyzed.The test results show that:(1) The quality of rock samples decreases slightly with the increasing temperature,which decreases by only 0.364% at 1000 ℃ compared to that at 25℃.When the temperature is below 600 ℃,the volume and density have no significant change,then as the temperature rises,the volume expands with acceleration and the density decreases rapidly,and the volume expands by 5.027% and the density decreases by 5.132% at 1000℃compared to those at 25℃.(2) After high temperature,the triaxial compression stress-strain curves of rock samples have gone through the stages of compaction,elasticity,yield,destruction,softening and residual stresses.The stiffness,peak strength,shear strength,residual strength and plastic deformation of rock samples increase with the confining pressure.(3) The cohesion decreases linearly and the internal friction angle first increases and then decreases with the increasing temperature.The shear strength shows a quadratic polynomial reduced relationship as the temperature increases.The confining pressure weakens the influence of temperature on the shear strength.This work may provide the guidance for the selection of mechanical parameters of rock in the underground geotechnical engineering.
引文
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[8]秦本东,罗运军,门玉明,等.高温下石灰岩和砂岩膨胀特性的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(2):417–422,473.(QIN Ben-dong,LUO Yun-jun,MEN Yu-ming,et al.Experimental research on swelling properties of limestone and sandstone at high temperature[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(2):417–422,473.(in Chinese))
[9]杨圣奇,苏承东,徐卫亚.大理岩常规三轴压缩下强度和变形特性的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(3):475–478.(YANG Sheng-qi,SU Cheng-dong,XU Wei-ya.Experimental investigation on strength and deformation properties of marble under conventional triaxial compression[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(3):475–478.(in Chinese))
[10]孟召平,彭苏萍,张慎河.不同成岩作用程度砂岩物理力学性质三轴试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(2):140–143.(MENG Zhao-ping,PENG Su-ping,ZHANG Shen-he.Triaxial experiment study on physical and mechanical properties of sandstone for different diagenesis degrees[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2003,25(2):140–143.(in Chinese))
[11]周永胜,蒋海昆,何昌荣.不同温压条件下居庸关花岗岩脆塑性转化与失稳型式的实验研究[J].中国地震,2002,18(4):389–400.(ZHOU Yong-sheng,JIANG Hai-kun,HE Chang-rong.Experiments of brittle-plastic transition,modes of instability of juyongguan granite at different T-P condition[J].Earthquake Research in China,2002,18(4):389–400.(in Chinese))
[12]吴刚,邢爱国,张磊.砂岩高温后的力学特性[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(10):2110–2116.(WU Gang,XING Ai-guo,ZHANG Lei.Mechanical charactistics of sandstone after high temperatures[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(10):2110–2116.(in Chinese))
[13]朱珍德,方荣,朱明礼,等.高温周期变化与高围压作用下大理岩力学特性试验研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(11):2279–2283,2290.(ZHU Zhen-de,FANG Rong,ZHU Ming-li,et al.Study of mechanical performance of marble under high pressure and cyclic temperature[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(11):2279–2283,2290.(in Chinese))
[14]徐小丽,高峰,沈晓明,等.高温后花岗岩力学性质及微孔隙结构特征研究[J].岩土力学,2010,31(6):1752–1758.(XU Xiao-li,GAO Feng,SHEN Xiao-ming,et al.Research on mechanical characteristics and micropore structure of granite under high-temperature[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(6):1752–1758.(in Chinese))
[15]徐小丽.温度载荷作用下花岗岩力学性质演化及其微观机制研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2008.(XU Xiao-li.Research on the mechanical characteristics and micromechanism of granite under temperature loads[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2008.(in Chinese))
[16]孙强,张志镇,薛雷,等.岩石高温相变与物理力学性质变化[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(5):935–942.(SUN Qiang,ZHANG Zhi-zhen,XUE Lei,et al.Physico-mechanical properties variation of rock with phase transformation under high temperature[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(5):935-942.(in Chinese))
[17]杨昊天,徐进,王璐,等.花岗岩力学特性温度效应的试验研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2013,9(1):96–101.(YANG Hao-tian,XU Jin,WANG Lu,et al.Experimental study on temperature effect of the mechanical properties of granite[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2013,9(1):96–101.(in Chinese))
[2]SIMPSON C.Deformation of granitic rock accoss the brittle-ductile transition[J].Journal of Structural Geolgy,1985,18(7):503–511.
[3]KAREL S,BEDEIICH M.High-temperature microstructures and rheology of deformed granite,erzgehirge,bohemian massif[J].Journal of Structural Geology,1996,18(6):719–733.
[4]ALSHA Y N A,KHAN K,ABDULJAUWARD S N.Effects of confining pressure and temperature on mixed-mode(I-II)fracture toughness of a lime-stone rock[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2000,37(4):629–643.
[5]王绳祖.高温高压岩石力学——历史、现状、展望[J].地球物理学进展,1995,10(4):1–31.(WANG Sheng-zu.High-temperature/high-pressure rock mechanics:history,state-of-art and prospect[J].Progress in Geophysics,1995,10(4):1–31.(in Chinese))
[6]刘泉声,许锡昌.温度作用下脆性岩石的损伤分析[J].岩石力学工程学报,2000,19(4):408–411.(LIU Quan-sheng,XU Xi-chang.Damage analysis of brittle rock at high temperature[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(4):408–411.(in Chinese))
[7]杜守继,刘华,职洪涛,等.高温后花岗岩力学性能的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(14):2359–2364.(DU Shou-ji,LIU Hua,ZHI Hong-tao,et al.Testing study on mechanical properties of post-high-temperature granite[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(14):2359–2364.(in Chinese))
[8]秦本东,罗运军,门玉明,等.高温下石灰岩和砂岩膨胀特性的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(2):417–422,473.(QIN Ben-dong,LUO Yun-jun,MEN Yu-ming,et al.Experimental research on swelling properties of limestone and sandstone at high temperature[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(2):417–422,473.(in Chinese))
[9]杨圣奇,苏承东,徐卫亚.大理岩常规三轴压缩下强度和变形特性的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(3):475–478.(YANG Sheng-qi,SU Cheng-dong,XU Wei-ya.Experimental investigation on strength and deformation properties of marble under conventional triaxial compression[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(3):475–478.(in Chinese))
[10]孟召平,彭苏萍,张慎河.不同成岩作用程度砂岩物理力学性质三轴试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(2):140–143.(MENG Zhao-ping,PENG Su-ping,ZHANG Shen-he.Triaxial experiment study on physical and mechanical properties of sandstone for different diagenesis degrees[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2003,25(2):140–143.(in Chinese))
[11]周永胜,蒋海昆,何昌荣.不同温压条件下居庸关花岗岩脆塑性转化与失稳型式的实验研究[J].中国地震,2002,18(4):389–400.(ZHOU Yong-sheng,JIANG Hai-kun,HE Chang-rong.Experiments of brittle-plastic transition,modes of instability of juyongguan granite at different T-P condition[J].Earthquake Research in China,2002,18(4):389–400.(in Chinese))
[12]吴刚,邢爱国,张磊.砂岩高温后的力学特性[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(10):2110–2116.(WU Gang,XING Ai-guo,ZHANG Lei.Mechanical charactistics of sandstone after high temperatures[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(10):2110–2116.(in Chinese))
[13]朱珍德,方荣,朱明礼,等.高温周期变化与高围压作用下大理岩力学特性试验研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(11):2279–2283,2290.(ZHU Zhen-de,FANG Rong,ZHU Ming-li,et al.Study of mechanical performance of marble under high pressure and cyclic temperature[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(11):2279–2283,2290.(in Chinese))
[14]徐小丽,高峰,沈晓明,等.高温后花岗岩力学性质及微孔隙结构特征研究[J].岩土力学,2010,31(6):1752–1758.(XU Xiao-li,GAO Feng,SHEN Xiao-ming,et al.Research on mechanical characteristics and micropore structure of granite under high-temperature[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(6):1752–1758.(in Chinese))
[15]徐小丽.温度载荷作用下花岗岩力学性质演化及其微观机制研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2008.(XU Xiao-li.Research on the mechanical characteristics and micromechanism of granite under temperature loads[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2008.(in Chinese))
[16]孙强,张志镇,薛雷,等.岩石高温相变与物理力学性质变化[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(5):935–942.(SUN Qiang,ZHANG Zhi-zhen,XUE Lei,et al.Physico-mechanical properties variation of rock with phase transformation under high temperature[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(5):935-942.(in Chinese))
[17]杨昊天,徐进,王璐,等.花岗岩力学特性温度效应的试验研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2013,9(1):96–101.(YANG Hao-tian,XU Jin,WANG Lu,et al.Experimental study on temperature effect of the mechanical properties of granite[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2013,9(1):96–101.(in Chinese))
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