爆炸荷载对邻近巷道背爆侧裂纹的影响规律
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摘要
为了探究爆炸应力波对邻近巷道背爆侧隐性裂纹的影响规律,采用爆炸加载透射式动态焦散线系统,进行了试验研究。试验结果表明:在爆炸荷载作用下,邻近巷道围岩中存在裂纹缺陷的背爆侧也成为主要扰动区,且扰动大小与裂纹距巷道距离和裂纹长度有关;当裂纹长度为5 mm,裂纹与巷道间距分别为2,3,4和5 mm时,裂纹扩展过程中动态应力强度因子变化曲线呈现相似的规律,即当裂纹与巷道贯穿后快速增大到第1峰值,然后在峰值上下持续振荡一段时间后减小到0,所不同的是,在峰值上下振荡性变化的持续时间和期间的最大值逐渐减小,最大值依次为1.651,1.572,1.419和1.346 MN/m3/2,这决定了裂纹远端的最终扩展位移对应为25.197,16.378,10.236和5.984 mm,呈逐渐减小的规律;裂纹与巷道间距的存在不仅对裂纹的扩展有一定的延迟作用,而且削弱了作用于裂纹远端的应力波能,并且这种延迟和削弱作用随裂纹与巷道间距的增大逐渐增强。
For exploring the influence law of explosive stress wave on invisible cracks in back-blast side of tunnel,the test was carried out by adopting the explosion loading transmission type dynamic caustics system. The experimental results show that,under explosion load,back-blast side existing crack defects in the surrounding rock of adjacent tunnel becomes a main disturbance,and perturbation size is connected with distance between the crack and tunnel and crack length. When crack length is 5 mm and the distance between the crack and tunnel respectively is 2,3,4 and 5 mm,the curves of dynamic stress intensity factor in the process of crack propagation present similar laws,namely after the crack run through the roadway,rapid increases to the first peak,and then ranges up and down at a period of time and finally reduce to zero. The difference is that the duration of the oscillation change in the peak fluctuation and the maximum value gradually decreases,the maximum value of are 1. 651,1. 572,1. 419 and 1. 346 MN / m3 /2,which determine that finally extended displacement of invisible crack far-end corresponds for 25. 197,16. 378,10. 236 and 5. 984 mm,which renders as the regular of diminishing. The existence of the distance between the crack and tunnel not only has certain delay effect on the propagation of the crack,but also weakened stress wave energy reaching to crack far-end,and the delay and weakened effects gradually are enhanced with the increase of distance between the crack and tunnel.
For exploring the influence law of explosive stress wave on invisible cracks in back-blast side of tunnel,the test was carried out by adopting the explosion loading transmission type dynamic caustics system. The experimental results show that,under explosion load,back-blast side existing crack defects in the surrounding rock of adjacent tunnel becomes a main disturbance,and perturbation size is connected with distance between the crack and tunnel and crack length. When crack length is 5 mm and the distance between the crack and tunnel respectively is 2,3,4 and 5 mm,the curves of dynamic stress intensity factor in the process of crack propagation present similar laws,namely after the crack run through the roadway,rapid increases to the first peak,and then ranges up and down at a period of time and finally reduce to zero. The difference is that the duration of the oscillation change in the peak fluctuation and the maximum value gradually decreases,the maximum value of are 1. 651,1. 572,1. 419 and 1. 346 MN / m3 /2,which determine that finally extended displacement of invisible crack far-end corresponds for 25. 197,16. 378,10. 236 and 5. 984 mm,which renders as the regular of diminishing. The existence of the distance between the crack and tunnel not only has certain delay effect on the propagation of the crack,but also weakened stress wave energy reaching to crack far-end,and the delay and weakened effects gradually are enhanced with the increase of distance between the crack and tunnel.
引文
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[18]李清,杨仁树,李均雷,等.爆炸荷载作用下动态裂纹扩展试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(16):1913-1916.Li Qing,Yang Renshu,Li Junlei,et al.Dynamic crack propagation test research with the explosion load[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(16):1913-1916.
[19]姚学锋,方竞,熊春阳.爆炸应力波作用下裂纹与孔洞的动态焦散线分析[J].爆炸与冲击,1998,18(3):232-236.Yao Xuefeng,Fang Jing,Xiong Chunyang.Dynamic caustics analysis of cracks and holes subjected to explosion stress wave[J].Explosion and Impact,1998,18(3):232-236.
[20]杨仁树,桂来保.焦散线方法及应用[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1997.Yang Renshu,Gui Laibao.The caustics method and application[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining&Technology Press,1997.
[21]杨仁树,杨立云,岳中文,等.数字激光动态焦散线实验方法和系统[P].中国专利:201110366309.9,2012-07-04.Yang Renshu,Yang Liyun,Yue Zhongwen,et al.Digital laser dynamic caustics method and system[P].China Patent:201110366309.9,2012-07-04.
[2]徐则民,黄润秋.岩爆与爆破关系[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(3):414-419.Xu Zemin,Huang Ruiqiu.Relationship between rock burst and blasting[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(3):414-419.
[3]盖秉政.论弹性波绕射与动应力集中问题[J].力学进展,1987,17(4):447-465.Gai Bingzheng.The discuss of elastic wave diffraction and dynamic stress concentration problem[J].Journal of Mechanics,1987,17(4):447-465.
[4]刘殿魁,盖秉政,陶贵源.论孔附近的动应力集中[J].地震工程与工程振动,1980,1(1):97-109.Liu Diankui,Gai Bingzheng,Tao Guiyuan.The dynamic stress concentrations theory near the hole[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1980,1(1):97-109.
[5]刘慧.邻近爆破对隧道影响的研究进展[J].爆破,1999,16(1):57-63.Liu Hui.The research progress of adjacent blasting effect on tunnel[J].Journal of Blasting,1999,16(1):57-63.
[6]刘慧.近距侧爆情况下马蹄形隧道动态响应特点的研究[J].爆炸与冲击,2000,20(2):175-181.Liu Hui.The research of dynamic response characteristics for horseshoe tunnel in the case of close side blasting[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2000,20(2):175-181.
[7]杨年华,刘慧.近距离爆破引起的隧道周边振动场[J].工程爆破,2000,6(2):6-10.Yang Nianhua,Liu Hui.Vibration field at tunnel contour induced by close-in blasting[J].Engineering Blasting,2000,6(2):6-10.
[8]彭道富,李忠献,杨年华.近距离爆破对既有隧道的振动影响[J].中国铁道科学,2005,26(4):73-76.Peng Daofu,Li Zhongxian,Yang Nianhua.Vibration effect at existing tunnel induced by close-in blasting[J].China Railway Science,2003,26(4):73-76.
[9]吴亮,钟冬望.不同布置条件下邻近隧道掘进爆破对既有隧道的影响[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(10):1339-1343.Wu Liang,Zhong Dongwang.Effect of tunneling blasting on the existing adjacent tunnel under different conditions[J].Journal of China Coal Socity,2009,34(10):1339-1343.
[10]钟冬望,吴亮,余刚.邻近隧道掘进爆破对既有隧道的影响[J].爆炸与冲击,2010,30(5):456-462.Zhong Dongwang,Wu Liang,Yu Gang.Effect of tunneling blasting on the existing adjacent tunnel[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2010,30(5):456-462.
[11]毕继红,钟建辉.邻近隧道爆破震动对既有隧道影响的研究[J].工程爆破,2004,10(4):69-73.Bi Jihong,Zhong Jianhui.The research about the effect of the adjacent tunnel blasting shaking on the tunnel[J].Journal of Engineering Blasting,2004,10(4):69-73.
[12]张玉柱,卢文波,陈明,等.爆炸应力波驱动的岩石开裂机制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(S1):3144-3149.Zhang Yuzhu,Lu Wenbo,Chen Ming,et al.Rock cracking mechanism driven by explosive stress wave[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(S1):3144-3149.
[13]郭东明,刘康,王雁冰,等.爆炸荷载对邻近巷道裂纹群影响规律动焦散试验[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(S1):64-69.Guo Dongming,Liu Kang,Wang Yanbing,et al.Dynamic caustics test of blast load impact on the group of crack surrounding neighboring roadway[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(S1):64-69.
[14]杨仁树,王雁冰,杨立云,等.双孔切槽爆破裂纹扩展的动焦散试验[J].中国矿业大学学报,2012,41(6):868-872.Yang Renshu,Wang Yanbing,Yang Liyun,et al.Dynamic caustics experimental study on crack propagation in two borehole cut blasting[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2012,41(6):868-872.
[15]杨仁树,杨立云,岳中文,等.爆炸载荷下缺陷介质裂纹扩展的动焦散试验[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(2):187-192.Yang Renshu,Yang Liyun,Yue Zhongwen,et al.Dynamic caustics experiment of crack propagation in material containing flaws under blasting load[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(2):187-192.
[16]杨仁树,牛学超,商厚胜,等.爆炸应力波作用下层理介质断裂的动焦散实验分析[J].煤炭学报,2005,30(1):36-39.Yang Renshu,Niu Xuechao,Shang Housheng,et al.Dynamic caustics analysis of crack in samdwich materials under blasting stress wave[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2005,30(1):36-39.
[17]李清,杨仁树.爆炸载荷裂纹扩展的应力强度因子及其断裂行为[J].煤炭学报,2002,27(3):290-293.Li Qing,Yang Renshu.Stress intensity factor and fracture behavior for crack propagation under blasting load[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2002,27(3):290-293.
[18]李清,杨仁树,李均雷,等.爆炸荷载作用下动态裂纹扩展试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(16):1913-1916.Li Qing,Yang Renshu,Li Junlei,et al.Dynamic crack propagation test research with the explosion load[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(16):1913-1916.
[19]姚学锋,方竞,熊春阳.爆炸应力波作用下裂纹与孔洞的动态焦散线分析[J].爆炸与冲击,1998,18(3):232-236.Yao Xuefeng,Fang Jing,Xiong Chunyang.Dynamic caustics analysis of cracks and holes subjected to explosion stress wave[J].Explosion and Impact,1998,18(3):232-236.
[20]杨仁树,桂来保.焦散线方法及应用[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1997.Yang Renshu,Gui Laibao.The caustics method and application[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining&Technology Press,1997.
[21]杨仁树,杨立云,岳中文,等.数字激光动态焦散线实验方法和系统[P].中国专利:201110366309.9,2012-07-04.Yang Renshu,Yang Liyun,Yue Zhongwen,et al.Digital laser dynamic caustics method and system[P].China Patent:201110366309.9,2012-07-04.
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