液化土-桩-承台结构横向动力响应分析方法研究综述
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摘要
总结了地震作用下桩基震害现象以及液化土-桩-承台结构动力相互作用,针对目前国内外研究现状提出存在的主要问题以及需进一步研究的内容。分析了液化土中桩基横向动力响应的研究方法,指出了各种方法的优缺点和存在的主要问题,讨论了今后的发展趋势。
This is a summary of the phenomena of seismic damage and dynamic interactions of liquefiable soil-pile-cap structures.According to the current study status at home and abroad,the main problem at present and the contents for further study are put forward.By analyzing the different methods for liquefiable soil-pile lateral dynamic responses,the advantages and disadvantages of each method are pointed out,and the tendency of the further study is discussed in this paper.
This is a summary of the phenomena of seismic damage and dynamic interactions of liquefiable soil-pile-cap structures.According to the current study status at home and abroad,the main problem at present and the contents for further study are put forward.By analyzing the different methods for liquefiable soil-pile lateral dynamic responses,the advantages and disadvantages of each method are pointed out,and the tendency of the further study is discussed in this paper.
引文
[1]张贺威,张效忠,江爱民.基于有限元的采油平台抗震分析[J].山西建筑,2005,35(18):67-69ZHANG Hewei,ZHANG Xiaozhong,JIANG Aimin.Analysis of seismic resistance of extract oil platform based finite element[J].Shanxi Archi-tecture,2005,35(18):67-69.(in Chinese)
[2]Berger E.Simplified method for evaluating soil-pile-structure interaction Effects[C]//Proceedings of 9th Off-shore Technology Conference,1977.
[3]Angdlides D C,Rosesset J M.Nonlinear lateral dynamic stiffness of piles[J].Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division,ASCE,1981,107(GT 11):1015-1032.
[4]Han Yingcai,Wang Shin-Tower.Non-linear analysis of soil-pile-structure interaction under seismic loads[C]//The 14th World Conference onEarthquake Engineering,2008,Beijing,Paper ID:04-01-0002.
[5]张崇文.桩土作用的动力非线性反应层元法[J].岩土工程学报,1996,18(4):1-10.ZHANG Chongwen.Dynamic nonlinear finite layer element method for pile-soil interaction analysis[J].Chinese Jounal of Geotechnical Engineer-ing,1996,18(4):1-10.(in Chinese))
[6]黄群贤.液化侧扩地基中桩基的有限元分析[J].华侨大学学报:自然科学版,2004,25(3):328-330.HUANG Qunxian.Finite element analysis of the pile in foundation of laterally extending liquefaction[J].Journal of Huaqiao University.NaturalScience,2004,25(3):328-330.(in Chinese))
[7]黄雨.液化场地桩-土-结构动力相互作用的有限元分析[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(6):646-651.HUANG Yu.Finite element analysis of pile-soil-structure dynamic interaction in liquefiable site[J].Chinese Jounal of Geotechnical Engineering,2005,27(6):646-651.(in Chinese)
[8]胡春林,杨小卫.砂土液化场地桩基地震反应分析[J].振动与冲击,2007,26(2):133-137.HU Chunlin,YANG Xiaowei.Analysis of seismic response on pile in liquefiable site[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2007,26(2):133-137.(in Chinese)
[9]杨伟林,陈国兴,王志华.深厚场地上特大桥墩-群桩-土相互作用体系地震反应特性的二维和三维分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003,23(6):124-132.YANG Weilin,CHEN Guoxing,WANG Zhihua.2D and 3D seismic response analyses of supergiant bridge pier-group piles-soil interaction sys-tem on deep overburden layers[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2003,23(6):124-132.(in Chinese)
[10]苏静波,邵国建,刘宁.基于P-Y曲线法的水平受荷桩非线性有限元分析[J].岩土力学,2006,27(10):1781-1785.SU Jingbo,SHAO Guojian,LIU Ning.Nonlinear finite element analysis of piles under lateral load based on P-Y curves[J].Rock and Soil Me-chanics,2006,27(10):1781-1785.(in Chinese)
[11]American Petroleum Inst.Recommended practice for planning,designing,and constructing fixed offshore platforms-working stress design[R].Rpt.RP 2A-WSD,Washington:American Petroleum Inst.1976.
[12]Finn W D L,Fujita N.Piles in liquefiable soils:seismic analysis and design issues[J],Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2002,22(9):731-741.
[13]Matlock,H,Reese L,Generalized solutions for laterally loaded piles[J].J.Soil Mechanics and Foundation Div.,ASCE,1960,86(5):63-913.
[14]Suresh R Dash,Subhamoy Bhattacharya,etc.P-Y Curve to model lateral response of pile foundations in liquefied soils[C]//Paper ID:04-01-0089.The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,2008,Beijing.
[15]Wang Shin-Tower,Luis Vasquez,etc.Study of the behavior of pile groups In liquefied soils[C]//The 14th World Conference on Earthquake En-gineering,October 12-17,2008,Beijing:Paper ID:04-01-0096.
[16]中国船舶检验局.海上固定平台入级与建造规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,1995.China Shipping Registering Bureau.Rules for the Classification and Construction of Mobele Offshore Drilling Units[S].Beijing:China Communi-cations Press,1995.(in Chinse)
[17]章连祥,陈竹昌.计算粘性土P-Y曲线的方法[J].海洋工程,1992,10(4):50-58.ZHANG Lianyang,CHEN Zhuchang.A new P-Y curve construction method in cohesive soils[J].The Ocean Engineering,1992,10(4):50-58.(in Chinese)
[18]张克绪.桩-承台-地基土相互作用试验研究[J].哈尔滨建筑大学学报,1998,2:45-50.ZHANG Kexu.The test research on the interaction in pile-cap-foundation Soil[J].Journal of Harbin University of Civil Engineering and Architec-ture,1998,2:45-50.(in Chinese)
[19]程泽坤.关于P-Y曲线法分析横向力作用下高桩结构物的讨论[J].港工技术,1997,3:53-57.CHENG Zekun.Discussion on P-Y curve method for high pile structures under lateral Loads[J].Port Engineering Technology,1997,3:53-57.(in Chinese)
[20]杨国平,张志明.对大变位条件下横向受力桩P-Y曲线的研究[J].水运工程,2002,7:40-45.YANG Guoping,ZHANG Zhiming.Research on P-Y curve of laterally bearing piles under large displacement[J].Port&Waterway Engineer-ing,2002,7:40-45.(in Chinese)
[21]Chacko M,Analysis of dynamic soil-pile-structure interaction[D].M.S.Thesis,Univ.of California,Davis,1995.
[22]Liu L,Dobry,R.Effect of liquefaction on lateral response of piles by centrifuge model tests[J].National Center for Earthquake Engineering Re-search(NCEER)Bulletin,1995,9(1):7-11.
[23]Wilson D.W.Soil-pile-superstructure interaction in liquefying sand and soft clay[D].Ph.D.dissertation,University of California,Davis,1998
[24]姚琴芬.谈谈科里奥利效应[J].物理与工程,2006,16(5):59-62.YAO Qinfen.Talk about the Coriolis effect[J].Physics and Engineering,2006,16(5):59-62.(in Chinese)
[25]Ohtomo K,Hamada M.Soil force acting on pile in laterally flowing ground by soil liquefaction[C]//Proc.5th U.S.Natl.Conf.EarthquakeEng.,Chicago,1994(4),241-250.
[26]韦晓.桩-土-桥梁结构相互作用振动台试验与理论分析[D].上海:同济大学,1999.WEI Xiao.Shake able tests of soil-pile-structure interaction and its theoretical analysis[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,1999.(in Chinese)
[27]Meymand P.Shake table tests:seismic soil-pile-superstructure interaction[R].PEER Center News,1996.
[28]吕西林,陈跃庆.结构-地基动力相互作用体系振动台模型实验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2000,20(4):20-29.LU Xilin,CHEN Yueqing.Study on dynamic similitude theory of soil-structure interaction system[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering andEngineering Vibration,2000,20(4):20-29.(in Chinese)
[29]Nomura S.Shamoto Y,Tokimatsu,K.Soil-pile-structure interaction during liquefaction[C]//Proc.2nd Intl.Conf.on Recent Advances inGeotech.Eng.and Soil Dyn.,St.Louis,1991,1:743-750.
[30]Sakajo S,Chai,J.,Nakajima K.,et al.Effect of group pile on liquefaction resistance of sandy ground[C]//Proc.1st Intl.Conf.EarthquakeGeotech.Eng.,Tokyo,1995:755-760.
[31]伍小平,孙利民,胡世德,等.振动台试验用层状剪切变形土箱的研制[J].同济大学学报,2002,30(7):781-785.WU Xiaoping,SUN Limin,HU Shide,et al.Development of laminar shear box used in shaking table Test[J].Journal of Tongji University,2002,30(7):781-785.(in Chinese)
[32]王建华,冯士伦.液化土层中桩基水平承载特性分析[J].岩土力学,2005,26(10):1597-1601.WANG Jianhua,FENG Shilun.Research on lateral resistance of pile foundation in liquefaction strata[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics.2005,26(10):1597-1601.(in Chinese)
[33]袁晓铭,李雨润,孙锐.地面横向往返运动下可液化土层中桩基响应机理[J].土木工程学报,2008,41(9):103-110.YUAN Xiaoming,LI Yurun,SUN Rui.Mechanism of pile foundation response in liquefiable soils under seismic cyclic ground motion[J]ChinaCivil Engineering Journal,2008,41(9):103-110.(in Chinese)
[34]李雨润,袁晓铭.液化场地上土体测向变形对桩基影响研究评述[J].世界地震工程,2004,20(2):17-22.LI Yurun,YUAN Xiaoming.State-of-art of study on effects of liquefaction-induced soil spreading on pile foundation response[J].World Earth-quake Engineering,2004,20(2):17-22.(in Chinese)
[35]李雨润,袁晓铭,梁艳,桩-液化土相互作用P-Y曲线修正计算方法研究[J],岩土工程学报,2009,31(4),595-599.2LI Yurun,YUAN Xiaoming,LIANG Yan.Modified calculation method of P-Y curves for liquefied soil-pile interaction[J].Chinese Journal ofGeotechnical Engineering,2009,31(4):595-599.(in Chinese)
[36]李雨润,袁晓铭,李帆.基于API规范的液化土层桩基P-Y曲线修正计算公式[J].地震工程与工程振动,2010,30(6):148-153.LI Yurun,YUAN Xiaoming,LI Fan.Modified formula for calculating P-Y curves of pile foundation in liquefied soil layer based on API code[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2010,30(6):148-153.(in Chinese)
[37]唐亮,凌贤长,等.可液化场地桥梁群桩-独柱墩结构地震反应振动台试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2009,42(11):1-7.TANG Liang,LING Xianzhang,et al.Shaking table tests for seismic response of pile-supported bridge structure with single-column pier in lique-fiable ground[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2009,42(11):1-7.(in Chinese)
[38]Liu H,Chen K.Test on behavior of pile foundation in liquefiable soils[C]//Proc.2nd Int.Conf.on Recent Advances in Geotech.Eng.and SoilDyn.,St.Louis,1991,233-235.
[39]Kagawa T.Minowa C,Mizuno H,et al.Shaking table tests on piles in liquefying sand[C]//Proc.5th U.S.Natl.Conf.Earthquake Eng.,Chica-go,1994:107-116.
[40]Yasuda S,Ishihara K,Morimoto I,et al.Large-scale shaking table tests on pile foundations in liquefied ground[C]//Proc.12th World Conf.Earthquake Eng.,New Zealand,2000,No.1474.
[41]Orense R,Ishihara K,Yasuda S,et al.Soil spring constants during lateral flow of liquefied ground[C]//Proc.12th World Conf.EarthquakeEng.,New Zealand,2000,No.2099.
[42]Suzuki1 H,Tokimatsu K,Sato M et al.Soil-pile-structure interaction in liquefiable ground through multi-dimensional shaking ttable tests using E-DEFENSE Facitity[C]//Paper ID:04-01-0177.The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Beijing,2008.
[2]Berger E.Simplified method for evaluating soil-pile-structure interaction Effects[C]//Proceedings of 9th Off-shore Technology Conference,1977.
[3]Angdlides D C,Rosesset J M.Nonlinear lateral dynamic stiffness of piles[J].Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division,ASCE,1981,107(GT 11):1015-1032.
[4]Han Yingcai,Wang Shin-Tower.Non-linear analysis of soil-pile-structure interaction under seismic loads[C]//The 14th World Conference onEarthquake Engineering,2008,Beijing,Paper ID:04-01-0002.
[5]张崇文.桩土作用的动力非线性反应层元法[J].岩土工程学报,1996,18(4):1-10.ZHANG Chongwen.Dynamic nonlinear finite layer element method for pile-soil interaction analysis[J].Chinese Jounal of Geotechnical Engineer-ing,1996,18(4):1-10.(in Chinese))
[6]黄群贤.液化侧扩地基中桩基的有限元分析[J].华侨大学学报:自然科学版,2004,25(3):328-330.HUANG Qunxian.Finite element analysis of the pile in foundation of laterally extending liquefaction[J].Journal of Huaqiao University.NaturalScience,2004,25(3):328-330.(in Chinese))
[7]黄雨.液化场地桩-土-结构动力相互作用的有限元分析[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(6):646-651.HUANG Yu.Finite element analysis of pile-soil-structure dynamic interaction in liquefiable site[J].Chinese Jounal of Geotechnical Engineering,2005,27(6):646-651.(in Chinese)
[8]胡春林,杨小卫.砂土液化场地桩基地震反应分析[J].振动与冲击,2007,26(2):133-137.HU Chunlin,YANG Xiaowei.Analysis of seismic response on pile in liquefiable site[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2007,26(2):133-137.(in Chinese)
[9]杨伟林,陈国兴,王志华.深厚场地上特大桥墩-群桩-土相互作用体系地震反应特性的二维和三维分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003,23(6):124-132.YANG Weilin,CHEN Guoxing,WANG Zhihua.2D and 3D seismic response analyses of supergiant bridge pier-group piles-soil interaction sys-tem on deep overburden layers[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2003,23(6):124-132.(in Chinese)
[10]苏静波,邵国建,刘宁.基于P-Y曲线法的水平受荷桩非线性有限元分析[J].岩土力学,2006,27(10):1781-1785.SU Jingbo,SHAO Guojian,LIU Ning.Nonlinear finite element analysis of piles under lateral load based on P-Y curves[J].Rock and Soil Me-chanics,2006,27(10):1781-1785.(in Chinese)
[11]American Petroleum Inst.Recommended practice for planning,designing,and constructing fixed offshore platforms-working stress design[R].Rpt.RP 2A-WSD,Washington:American Petroleum Inst.1976.
[12]Finn W D L,Fujita N.Piles in liquefiable soils:seismic analysis and design issues[J],Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2002,22(9):731-741.
[13]Matlock,H,Reese L,Generalized solutions for laterally loaded piles[J].J.Soil Mechanics and Foundation Div.,ASCE,1960,86(5):63-913.
[14]Suresh R Dash,Subhamoy Bhattacharya,etc.P-Y Curve to model lateral response of pile foundations in liquefied soils[C]//Paper ID:04-01-0089.The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,2008,Beijing.
[15]Wang Shin-Tower,Luis Vasquez,etc.Study of the behavior of pile groups In liquefied soils[C]//The 14th World Conference on Earthquake En-gineering,October 12-17,2008,Beijing:Paper ID:04-01-0096.
[16]中国船舶检验局.海上固定平台入级与建造规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,1995.China Shipping Registering Bureau.Rules for the Classification and Construction of Mobele Offshore Drilling Units[S].Beijing:China Communi-cations Press,1995.(in Chinse)
[17]章连祥,陈竹昌.计算粘性土P-Y曲线的方法[J].海洋工程,1992,10(4):50-58.ZHANG Lianyang,CHEN Zhuchang.A new P-Y curve construction method in cohesive soils[J].The Ocean Engineering,1992,10(4):50-58.(in Chinese)
[18]张克绪.桩-承台-地基土相互作用试验研究[J].哈尔滨建筑大学学报,1998,2:45-50.ZHANG Kexu.The test research on the interaction in pile-cap-foundation Soil[J].Journal of Harbin University of Civil Engineering and Architec-ture,1998,2:45-50.(in Chinese)
[19]程泽坤.关于P-Y曲线法分析横向力作用下高桩结构物的讨论[J].港工技术,1997,3:53-57.CHENG Zekun.Discussion on P-Y curve method for high pile structures under lateral Loads[J].Port Engineering Technology,1997,3:53-57.(in Chinese)
[20]杨国平,张志明.对大变位条件下横向受力桩P-Y曲线的研究[J].水运工程,2002,7:40-45.YANG Guoping,ZHANG Zhiming.Research on P-Y curve of laterally bearing piles under large displacement[J].Port&Waterway Engineer-ing,2002,7:40-45.(in Chinese)
[21]Chacko M,Analysis of dynamic soil-pile-structure interaction[D].M.S.Thesis,Univ.of California,Davis,1995.
[22]Liu L,Dobry,R.Effect of liquefaction on lateral response of piles by centrifuge model tests[J].National Center for Earthquake Engineering Re-search(NCEER)Bulletin,1995,9(1):7-11.
[23]Wilson D.W.Soil-pile-superstructure interaction in liquefying sand and soft clay[D].Ph.D.dissertation,University of California,Davis,1998
[24]姚琴芬.谈谈科里奥利效应[J].物理与工程,2006,16(5):59-62.YAO Qinfen.Talk about the Coriolis effect[J].Physics and Engineering,2006,16(5):59-62.(in Chinese)
[25]Ohtomo K,Hamada M.Soil force acting on pile in laterally flowing ground by soil liquefaction[C]//Proc.5th U.S.Natl.Conf.EarthquakeEng.,Chicago,1994(4),241-250.
[26]韦晓.桩-土-桥梁结构相互作用振动台试验与理论分析[D].上海:同济大学,1999.WEI Xiao.Shake able tests of soil-pile-structure interaction and its theoretical analysis[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,1999.(in Chinese)
[27]Meymand P.Shake table tests:seismic soil-pile-superstructure interaction[R].PEER Center News,1996.
[28]吕西林,陈跃庆.结构-地基动力相互作用体系振动台模型实验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2000,20(4):20-29.LU Xilin,CHEN Yueqing.Study on dynamic similitude theory of soil-structure interaction system[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering andEngineering Vibration,2000,20(4):20-29.(in Chinese)
[29]Nomura S.Shamoto Y,Tokimatsu,K.Soil-pile-structure interaction during liquefaction[C]//Proc.2nd Intl.Conf.on Recent Advances inGeotech.Eng.and Soil Dyn.,St.Louis,1991,1:743-750.
[30]Sakajo S,Chai,J.,Nakajima K.,et al.Effect of group pile on liquefaction resistance of sandy ground[C]//Proc.1st Intl.Conf.EarthquakeGeotech.Eng.,Tokyo,1995:755-760.
[31]伍小平,孙利民,胡世德,等.振动台试验用层状剪切变形土箱的研制[J].同济大学学报,2002,30(7):781-785.WU Xiaoping,SUN Limin,HU Shide,et al.Development of laminar shear box used in shaking table Test[J].Journal of Tongji University,2002,30(7):781-785.(in Chinese)
[32]王建华,冯士伦.液化土层中桩基水平承载特性分析[J].岩土力学,2005,26(10):1597-1601.WANG Jianhua,FENG Shilun.Research on lateral resistance of pile foundation in liquefaction strata[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics.2005,26(10):1597-1601.(in Chinese)
[33]袁晓铭,李雨润,孙锐.地面横向往返运动下可液化土层中桩基响应机理[J].土木工程学报,2008,41(9):103-110.YUAN Xiaoming,LI Yurun,SUN Rui.Mechanism of pile foundation response in liquefiable soils under seismic cyclic ground motion[J]ChinaCivil Engineering Journal,2008,41(9):103-110.(in Chinese)
[34]李雨润,袁晓铭.液化场地上土体测向变形对桩基影响研究评述[J].世界地震工程,2004,20(2):17-22.LI Yurun,YUAN Xiaoming.State-of-art of study on effects of liquefaction-induced soil spreading on pile foundation response[J].World Earth-quake Engineering,2004,20(2):17-22.(in Chinese)
[35]李雨润,袁晓铭,梁艳,桩-液化土相互作用P-Y曲线修正计算方法研究[J],岩土工程学报,2009,31(4),595-599.2LI Yurun,YUAN Xiaoming,LIANG Yan.Modified calculation method of P-Y curves for liquefied soil-pile interaction[J].Chinese Journal ofGeotechnical Engineering,2009,31(4):595-599.(in Chinese)
[36]李雨润,袁晓铭,李帆.基于API规范的液化土层桩基P-Y曲线修正计算公式[J].地震工程与工程振动,2010,30(6):148-153.LI Yurun,YUAN Xiaoming,LI Fan.Modified formula for calculating P-Y curves of pile foundation in liquefied soil layer based on API code[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2010,30(6):148-153.(in Chinese)
[37]唐亮,凌贤长,等.可液化场地桥梁群桩-独柱墩结构地震反应振动台试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2009,42(11):1-7.TANG Liang,LING Xianzhang,et al.Shaking table tests for seismic response of pile-supported bridge structure with single-column pier in lique-fiable ground[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2009,42(11):1-7.(in Chinese)
[38]Liu H,Chen K.Test on behavior of pile foundation in liquefiable soils[C]//Proc.2nd Int.Conf.on Recent Advances in Geotech.Eng.and SoilDyn.,St.Louis,1991,233-235.
[39]Kagawa T.Minowa C,Mizuno H,et al.Shaking table tests on piles in liquefying sand[C]//Proc.5th U.S.Natl.Conf.Earthquake Eng.,Chica-go,1994:107-116.
[40]Yasuda S,Ishihara K,Morimoto I,et al.Large-scale shaking table tests on pile foundations in liquefied ground[C]//Proc.12th World Conf.Earthquake Eng.,New Zealand,2000,No.1474.
[41]Orense R,Ishihara K,Yasuda S,et al.Soil spring constants during lateral flow of liquefied ground[C]//Proc.12th World Conf.EarthquakeEng.,New Zealand,2000,No.2099.
[42]Suzuki1 H,Tokimatsu K,Sato M et al.Soil-pile-structure interaction in liquefiable ground through multi-dimensional shaking ttable tests using E-DEFENSE Facitity[C]//Paper ID:04-01-0177.The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,Beijing,2008.
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