基于UDEC的岩质边坡开挖爆破节点拟静力稳定性计算方法
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摘要
提出一种计算岩质边坡爆破开挖情况下边坡安全系数的节点拟静力法。通过节点拟静力法可确定爆破荷载作用下边坡潜在滑动面的位置、破坏模式以及安全系数。节点拟静力法的基本思路包括3个部分:首先,基于二维离散元计算软件UDEC4.0内嵌的程序语言FISH,对UDEC4.0进行二次开发,编写考虑爆破振动峰值加速度随爆心距和高差衰减规律的计算程序;其次,基于强度折减法的基本原理,编写强度折减计算程序;最后,坡体临界状态判别方法的选择,提出用最大节点位移历时曲线来判断坡体的临界状态的新的边坡失稳判据。同时与UDEC自带程序的计算结果相比较,证明节点拟静力法的正确性和可行性,最后把节点拟静力法应用于云浮硫铁矿露天采场边坡的爆破设计和稳定性评价。
A node quasi-static method to calculate the safety factor of rock slopes under blasting case is given. Potential sliding surface slope position,failure mode and safety factor of slopes undertaking the blasting loads can be obtained by the node quasi-static method. The node quasi-static method consists of three parts. Firstly,secondary development on UDEC4.0 is conducted based on the FISH language embedded in UDEC4.0,and the calculation program considering the attenuation law of blasting vibration peak acceleration with blast center distance and elevation difference is written. Secondly,strength reduction calculation program is written based on the basic principles of strength reduction. Finally,choosing the discrimination method for slope critical state,and a new slope failure criterion that utilizes the maximum node displacement duration curve to determine the slope critical state is proposed in this paper. Through comparing with the calculation results obtained by UDEC system procedure,the correctness and feasibility of the node quasi-static method is verified. Finally,the node quasi-static method is applied to the blasting design and stability evaluation of Yunfu pyrite open-pit slope.
A node quasi-static method to calculate the safety factor of rock slopes under blasting case is given. Potential sliding surface slope position,failure mode and safety factor of slopes undertaking the blasting loads can be obtained by the node quasi-static method. The node quasi-static method consists of three parts. Firstly,secondary development on UDEC4.0 is conducted based on the FISH language embedded in UDEC4.0,and the calculation program considering the attenuation law of blasting vibration peak acceleration with blast center distance and elevation difference is written. Secondly,strength reduction calculation program is written based on the basic principles of strength reduction. Finally,choosing the discrimination method for slope critical state,and a new slope failure criterion that utilizes the maximum node displacement duration curve to determine the slope critical state is proposed in this paper. Through comparing with the calculation results obtained by UDEC system procedure,the correctness and feasibility of the node quasi-static method is verified. Finally,the node quasi-static method is applied to the blasting design and stability evaluation of Yunfu pyrite open-pit slope.
引文
[1]许名标,彭德红.边坡爆破振动测试及响应规律ANSYS时程分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(增1):2 629–2 635.(XU Mingbiao,PENG Dehong.Blasting vibration tests and ANSYS time-history analyses of slope responses[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(Supp.1):2 629–2 635.(in Chinese))
[2]丁玲方.爆破动荷载折算系数的确定[C]//第三届全国岩石动力学学术论文选集.武汉:武汉冶金科技大学出版社,1992:205–210.(DING Lingfang.The determination of blasting dynamic load conversion factor[C]//Proceedings of the 3th National Rock Dynamics Conference.Wuhan:Wuhan University of Metallurgical Science and Technology Press,1992:205–210.(in Chinese))
[3]张林,林从谋.爆破震动对土质边坡动力稳定性影响研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(9):1 499–1 501.(ZHANG Lin,LIN Congmou.Study about soil slope dynamic stability due to blasting vibration[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(9):1 499–1 501.(in Chinese))
[4]刘杰,李建林,张玉灯,等.基于拟静力法的大岗山坝肩边坡地震工况稳定性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(8):1 562–1 570.(LIU Jie,LI Jianlin,ZHANG Yudeng,et al.Stability analysis of Dagangshan dam abutment slope under earthquake based on pseudo-static method[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(8):1 562–1 570.(in Chinese))
[5]李维光,张继春.爆破振动作用下顺层岩质边坡稳定性分析[J].爆炸与冲击,2007,27(5):426–430.(LI Weiguang,ZHANG Jichun.The stability analysis of rock bedded slope under the action of blasting vibration[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2007,27(5):426–430.(in Chinese))
[6]李海波,吴绵拔.反应谱分析在确定动载折减系数中的应用[J].工程爆破,1998,4(2):16–19.(LI Haibo,WU Mianba.Application of spectral theory in determining the discounted coefficient of dynamic loading[J].Engineering Blasting,1998,4(2):16–19.(in Chinese))
[7]陈明,卢文波,舒大强,等.爆破振动作用下边坡极限平衡分析的等效加速度计算方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(4):784–790.(CHEN Ming,LU Wenbo,SHU Daqiang,et al.Calculation method of equivalent acceleration for limit equilibrium analysis of slope under blasting vibration[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(4):784–790.(in Chinese))
[8]许红涛,卢文波,周创兵,等.基于时程分析的岩质高边坡开挖爆破动力稳定性计算方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(11):2 213–2 219.(XU Hongtao,LU Wenbo,ZHOU Chuangbing,et al.Time history analysis method for evaluating dynamic stability of high rock slope under excavation blasting[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(11):2 213–2 219.(in Chinese))
[9]刘亚群,李海波,李俊如,等.爆破荷载作用下黄麦岭磷矿岩质边坡动态响应的UDEC模拟研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(21):3 659–3 663.(LIU Yaqun,LI Haibo,LI Junru,et al.UDEC Simulation on dynamic response of rock slope of Huangmailing phosphorite mine under explosion[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(21):3 659–3 663.(in Chinese))
[10]胡益华,李宁,韩信.小湾饮水沟堆积体边坡爆破动力稳定分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(21):5 932–5 937.(HU Yihua,LI Ning,HAN Xin.Dynamic stability analysis of accumulation body slope of Xiaowan hydropower station under blasting condition[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(21):5 932–5 937.(in Chinese))
[11]孟吉复,惠鸿斌.爆破测试技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1992:121–123.(MENG Jifu,HUI Hongbin.Technique of blast measurement[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1992:121–123.(in Chinese))
[12]朱传统,刘宏根,梅锦煜.地震波参数沿边坡坡面传播规律公式的选择[J].爆破,1988,10(2):30–31.(ZHU Chuantong,LIU Honggen,MEI Jinyu.Equation selection of the transmission rule of seismic wave parameters along slope surface[J].Blasting,1988,10(2):30–31.(in Chinese))
[13]许名标,彭德红.小湾水电站边坡开挖爆破震动监测成果分析[J].人民长江,2007,38(2):135–138.(XU Mingbiao,PENG Dehong.Analysis of the vibration measurement in high slope excavation of Xiaowan hydropower station[J].Yangtze River,2007,38(2):135–138.(in Chinese))
[14]赵尚毅,郑颖人,张玉芳.有限元强度折减法中边坡失稳的判据探讨[J].岩土力学,2005,26(2):332–336.(ZHAO Shangyi,ZHENG Yingren,ZHANG Yufang.Study on slope failure criterion in strength reduction finite element method[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(2):332–336.(in Chinese))
[15]王栋,年廷凯,陈祖煜.边坡稳定有限元分析中的三个问题[J].岩土力学,2007,28(11):2 309–2 314.(WANG Dong,NIAN Yankai,CHEN Zuyu.Three problems in slope stability analyses with finite element method[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(11):2 309–2 314.(in Chinese))
[16]陈育民,徐鼎平.FLAC/FLAC3D基础与工程实例[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2008:267–270.(CHEN Yumin,XU Dingping.FLAC/FLAC3D foundation and engineering practice[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,2008:267–270.(in Chinese))
[17]裴利剑,屈本宁,钱闪光.有限元强度折减法边坡失稳判据的统一性[J].岩土力学,2010,31(10):3 337–3 341.(PEI Lijian,QUN Benning,QIAN Shanguang.Uniformity of slope instability criteria of strength reduction with FEM[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(10):3 337–3 341.(in Chinese))
[18]李红,宫必宁,陈琰.有限元强度折减法边坡失稳判据[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2007,5(1):79–82.(LI Hong,GONG Bining,CHEN Yan.Study on criteria for evaluating stability of slope with FEM based on shear strength reduction methods[J].Journal of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,2007,5(1):79–82.(in Chinese))
[2]丁玲方.爆破动荷载折算系数的确定[C]//第三届全国岩石动力学学术论文选集.武汉:武汉冶金科技大学出版社,1992:205–210.(DING Lingfang.The determination of blasting dynamic load conversion factor[C]//Proceedings of the 3th National Rock Dynamics Conference.Wuhan:Wuhan University of Metallurgical Science and Technology Press,1992:205–210.(in Chinese))
[3]张林,林从谋.爆破震动对土质边坡动力稳定性影响研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(9):1 499–1 501.(ZHANG Lin,LIN Congmou.Study about soil slope dynamic stability due to blasting vibration[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(9):1 499–1 501.(in Chinese))
[4]刘杰,李建林,张玉灯,等.基于拟静力法的大岗山坝肩边坡地震工况稳定性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(8):1 562–1 570.(LIU Jie,LI Jianlin,ZHANG Yudeng,et al.Stability analysis of Dagangshan dam abutment slope under earthquake based on pseudo-static method[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(8):1 562–1 570.(in Chinese))
[5]李维光,张继春.爆破振动作用下顺层岩质边坡稳定性分析[J].爆炸与冲击,2007,27(5):426–430.(LI Weiguang,ZHANG Jichun.The stability analysis of rock bedded slope under the action of blasting vibration[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2007,27(5):426–430.(in Chinese))
[6]李海波,吴绵拔.反应谱分析在确定动载折减系数中的应用[J].工程爆破,1998,4(2):16–19.(LI Haibo,WU Mianba.Application of spectral theory in determining the discounted coefficient of dynamic loading[J].Engineering Blasting,1998,4(2):16–19.(in Chinese))
[7]陈明,卢文波,舒大强,等.爆破振动作用下边坡极限平衡分析的等效加速度计算方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(4):784–790.(CHEN Ming,LU Wenbo,SHU Daqiang,et al.Calculation method of equivalent acceleration for limit equilibrium analysis of slope under blasting vibration[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(4):784–790.(in Chinese))
[8]许红涛,卢文波,周创兵,等.基于时程分析的岩质高边坡开挖爆破动力稳定性计算方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(11):2 213–2 219.(XU Hongtao,LU Wenbo,ZHOU Chuangbing,et al.Time history analysis method for evaluating dynamic stability of high rock slope under excavation blasting[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(11):2 213–2 219.(in Chinese))
[9]刘亚群,李海波,李俊如,等.爆破荷载作用下黄麦岭磷矿岩质边坡动态响应的UDEC模拟研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(21):3 659–3 663.(LIU Yaqun,LI Haibo,LI Junru,et al.UDEC Simulation on dynamic response of rock slope of Huangmailing phosphorite mine under explosion[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(21):3 659–3 663.(in Chinese))
[10]胡益华,李宁,韩信.小湾饮水沟堆积体边坡爆破动力稳定分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(21):5 932–5 937.(HU Yihua,LI Ning,HAN Xin.Dynamic stability analysis of accumulation body slope of Xiaowan hydropower station under blasting condition[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(21):5 932–5 937.(in Chinese))
[11]孟吉复,惠鸿斌.爆破测试技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1992:121–123.(MENG Jifu,HUI Hongbin.Technique of blast measurement[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1992:121–123.(in Chinese))
[12]朱传统,刘宏根,梅锦煜.地震波参数沿边坡坡面传播规律公式的选择[J].爆破,1988,10(2):30–31.(ZHU Chuantong,LIU Honggen,MEI Jinyu.Equation selection of the transmission rule of seismic wave parameters along slope surface[J].Blasting,1988,10(2):30–31.(in Chinese))
[13]许名标,彭德红.小湾水电站边坡开挖爆破震动监测成果分析[J].人民长江,2007,38(2):135–138.(XU Mingbiao,PENG Dehong.Analysis of the vibration measurement in high slope excavation of Xiaowan hydropower station[J].Yangtze River,2007,38(2):135–138.(in Chinese))
[14]赵尚毅,郑颖人,张玉芳.有限元强度折减法中边坡失稳的判据探讨[J].岩土力学,2005,26(2):332–336.(ZHAO Shangyi,ZHENG Yingren,ZHANG Yufang.Study on slope failure criterion in strength reduction finite element method[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(2):332–336.(in Chinese))
[15]王栋,年廷凯,陈祖煜.边坡稳定有限元分析中的三个问题[J].岩土力学,2007,28(11):2 309–2 314.(WANG Dong,NIAN Yankai,CHEN Zuyu.Three problems in slope stability analyses with finite element method[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(11):2 309–2 314.(in Chinese))
[16]陈育民,徐鼎平.FLAC/FLAC3D基础与工程实例[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2008:267–270.(CHEN Yumin,XU Dingping.FLAC/FLAC3D foundation and engineering practice[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,2008:267–270.(in Chinese))
[17]裴利剑,屈本宁,钱闪光.有限元强度折减法边坡失稳判据的统一性[J].岩土力学,2010,31(10):3 337–3 341.(PEI Lijian,QUN Benning,QIAN Shanguang.Uniformity of slope instability criteria of strength reduction with FEM[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(10):3 337–3 341.(in Chinese))
[18]李红,宫必宁,陈琰.有限元强度折减法边坡失稳判据[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2007,5(1):79–82.(LI Hong,GONG Bining,CHEN Yan.Study on criteria for evaluating stability of slope with FEM based on shear strength reduction methods[J].Journal of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,2007,5(1):79–82.(in Chinese))
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