球面网壳结构的分段式多维隔震控制
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摘要
球面网壳结构是典型的大跨度空间结构,地震时水平和竖向地面运动分量对其地震响应的影响均十分显著。为了提高网壳结构的抗震性能,可采用支座型隔震装置形成分段式多维隔震机制。在这类多维隔震体系中,碟形弹簧支座可用于结构的竖向隔震,同时,可将其与适用于水平隔震的摩擦摆(FPS)或SMA-橡胶支座配合使用。基于上述概念设计,提出了水平和竖向隔震装置的构造和计算模型。进而,根据网壳结构多维隔震的动力方程,开展了El Centro波作用下双层球面网壳和单层球面网壳结构多维隔震控制的数值模拟。计算结果表明,多维隔震球面网壳结构的杆件内力、加速度和位移的减振效果能达到50%以上,验证了所提多维隔震技术对保护球面网壳结构免遭地震破坏的有效性。
Spherical lattice shell is a typical long-span space structure and its seismic response is evidently influenced by horizontal and vertical components of ground motion.Bearing-type isolation devices can be utilized to form a segmented multidimensional isolation mechanism to improve the seismic performance of the spherical lattice shell structures.In such structures,disc spring bearings can be introduced to constitute a vertical isolation system and cooperate with two types of horizontal isolation device:(1)the friction pendulum system(FPS) bearings;(2)the SMA-rubber bearings.Based on conceptual design mentioned above,the configuration plans of the vertical and horizontal isolation bearing were developed,and the corresponding calculation models were established.According to dynamic equations for the lattice shell structures with multidimensional seismic isolation system,seismic analysis was executed for both double-layer and single-layer spherical lattice shell under El Centro wave.The numerical simulation results show that the vibration-reduction effectiveness of the internal force,acceleration and displacement of such seismically isolated structures is up to 50% or more.Therefore,the presented multidimensional isolation technology can be effectively used to protect the spherical lattice shell structures from damages of earthquake.
Spherical lattice shell is a typical long-span space structure and its seismic response is evidently influenced by horizontal and vertical components of ground motion.Bearing-type isolation devices can be utilized to form a segmented multidimensional isolation mechanism to improve the seismic performance of the spherical lattice shell structures.In such structures,disc spring bearings can be introduced to constitute a vertical isolation system and cooperate with two types of horizontal isolation device:(1)the friction pendulum system(FPS) bearings;(2)the SMA-rubber bearings.Based on conceptual design mentioned above,the configuration plans of the vertical and horizontal isolation bearing were developed,and the corresponding calculation models were established.According to dynamic equations for the lattice shell structures with multidimensional seismic isolation system,seismic analysis was executed for both double-layer and single-layer spherical lattice shell under El Centro wave.The numerical simulation results show that the vibration-reduction effectiveness of the internal force,acceleration and displacement of such seismically isolated structures is up to 50% or more.Therefore,the presented multidimensional isolation technology can be effectively used to protect the spherical lattice shell structures from damages of earthquake.
引文
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[14]左晓宝,李爱群,黄镇,等.超弹性SMA复合阻尼器的计算模型及参数分析[J].振动工程学报,2005,18(2):161-165.Zuo Xiaobao,Li Aiqun,Huang Zhen,et al.Mechanical model and parameter analysis of superelastic SMA compound damper[J].Journal of Vi-bration Engineering,2005,18(2):161-165.
[15]Graesser E J,Cozzarelli F A.Shape memory alloys as new materials for aseismic isolation[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,ASCE,1991,117(11):2590-2608.
[16]庄鹏,薛素铎,李彬双.SMA-橡胶支座滞回性能的理论模型[J].北京工业大学学报,2006,32(10):890-894.Zhuang Peng,Xue Suduo,Li Bin-shuang.Theoretical model for hysteretic behavior of SMA-rubber bearing[J].Journal of Beijing University of Technology,2006,32(10):890-894.
[17]薛素铎,董军辉,卞晓芳,等.一种新型形状记忆合金阻尼器[J].建筑结构学报,2005,26(3):45-50.Xue Suduo,Dong Junhui,BianXiaofang,et al.A new type of shape memory alloy damper[J].Journal of Building Structures,2005,26(3):45-50.
[2]杨迪雄,李刚,程耿东.隔震结构的研究概况和主要问题[J].力学进展,2003,33(3):302-312.Yang Dixiong,Li Gang,Cheng Gengdong.State-of-the-art and main problems of research and applications of seismic isolated structrues[J].Advances in Mechanics,2003,33(3):302-312.
[3]徐赵东,李爱群,叶继红.大跨空间网壳结构减震控制的研究与发展[J].振动与冲击,2005,24(3):59-61.Xu Zhaodong,Li Aiqun,Ye Jihong.Study and development on earthquake mitigation control of long-span spatial reticulated shell structures[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2005,24(3):59-61.
[4]张玉敏,苏幼波,梁军,等.碟形弹簧竖向减震装置的研究[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2005,37(12):1678-1680.Zhang Yumin,Su Youpo,Liang Jun.,et al.A study on vertical seismic isolation system by disk spring[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Tech-nology,2005,37(12):1678-1680.
[5]赵亚敏,苏经宇,周锡元,等.组合式碟形弹簧竖向隔震支座的设计与性能试验研究[J].北京工业大学学报,2009,35(7):892-898.Zhao Yamin,Su Jingyu,Zhou Xiyuan,et al.Design and performance test of combined disk spring bearing for vertical-isolated buildings[J].Journal of Beijing University of Technology,2009,35(7):892-898.
[6]颜学渊,张永山,王焕定,等.高层结构三维基础隔震抗倾覆试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2009,30(4):1-8.Yan Xueyuan,Zhang Yongshan,Wang Huanding,et al.Experimental study on high-rise structure with three-dimensional base isolation and o-verturn resistance devices[J].Journal of Building Structures,2009,30(4):1-8.
[7]Zayas V,Mahin S.A simple pendulum technique for achieving seismic isolation[J].Earthquake Spectra,1990,6(2):317-333.
[8]薛素铎,庄鹏,李彬双.SMA-橡胶支座的力学性能试验研究[J].世界地震工程,2005,21(4):10-15.Xue Suduo,Zhuang Peng,Li Binshuang.Experimental study on mechanical behavior of SMA-rubber bearing[J].World Earthquake Engineer-ing,2005,21(4):10-15.
[9]Almen J O,Laszlo A.The uniform-section disc spring[J].Transactions of ASME 1936,58(RP-58-10):305-314.
[10]Park Y J,Wen Y K,Ang A H S.Random vibration of hysteretic systems under bi-directional ground motions[J].Earthquake Engineering andStructural Dynamics,1986,14:543-557.
[11]Mauro Dolce,Donatello Cardaone,Roberto Marnetto.Implementation and testing of passive control devices based on shape memory alloys[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2000,29:945-968.
[12]张纪刚,吴斌,欧进萍.锥形形状记忆合金阻尼器性能分析与试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2004,24(6):126-130.Zhang Ji-gang,Wu Bin,Ou Jinping.Experimental research and numerical analysis of hysteretic behavior of cone shape memory alloy dampers[J].Earth-quake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2004,24(6):126-130.
[13]毛晨曦,李惠,欧进萍.形状记忆合金被动阻尼器及结构地震反应控制试验研究和分析[J].建筑结构学报,2005,26(3):38-44.Mao Chenxi,Li Hui,Ou Jinping.Experimental and analytical investigations of shape memory alloy as passive energy dissipation device for seis-mic response reduction of building[J].Journal of Building Structures,2005,26(3):38-44.
[14]左晓宝,李爱群,黄镇,等.超弹性SMA复合阻尼器的计算模型及参数分析[J].振动工程学报,2005,18(2):161-165.Zuo Xiaobao,Li Aiqun,Huang Zhen,et al.Mechanical model and parameter analysis of superelastic SMA compound damper[J].Journal of Vi-bration Engineering,2005,18(2):161-165.
[15]Graesser E J,Cozzarelli F A.Shape memory alloys as new materials for aseismic isolation[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,ASCE,1991,117(11):2590-2608.
[16]庄鹏,薛素铎,李彬双.SMA-橡胶支座滞回性能的理论模型[J].北京工业大学学报,2006,32(10):890-894.Zhuang Peng,Xue Suduo,Li Bin-shuang.Theoretical model for hysteretic behavior of SMA-rubber bearing[J].Journal of Beijing University of Technology,2006,32(10):890-894.
[17]薛素铎,董军辉,卞晓芳,等.一种新型形状记忆合金阻尼器[J].建筑结构学报,2005,26(3):45-50.Xue Suduo,Dong Junhui,BianXiaofang,et al.A new type of shape memory alloy damper[J].Journal of Building Structures,2005,26(3):45-50.
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