混凝土框架震损与修复过程动力特性的试验研究
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摘要
该文以地震下、修复中以及修复后遭遇地震的钢筋混凝土框架的动力特性为研究目的,进行了框架模型的初次振动台试验、震损后修复和再次振动台试验。试验对象为相似比1/4的双跨8层混凝土框架。在初次振动台试验中,框架模型经过31个工况地震波和5次白噪声的输入,结构破坏明显。其后,对框架损伤区域的裂缝进行压力注胶修补,并通过地脉动法和撞击荷载法监测修复过程中结构动力特性的变化。修复后,再次进行工况相同的振动台试验。试验结果表明:框架模型的频率随输入地震动幅值的加大而明显降低,阻尼比则随之明显增大;修复过程中,结构的频率和阻尼比逐步恢复,第一自振频率达到甚至超过模型的原有水平;修复后的再次振动台试验中,模型的频率降幅及阻尼比的增幅均低于初次振动台试验。结合两次试验中结构的变形幅度可知,结构动力特性与其抗震性能有密切的关系。通过动力特性指标的变化,能有效反映框架结构在震损及修复中的抗震性能。
A 1/4-scale two-bay eight-storey reinforced concrete frame was tested on shaking table.After the initial shaking table test,the damaged frame was repaired using epoxy injection technique,and then subjected to the same acceleration record input selected for the initial tests.The variations of dynamic characteristics were investigated experimentally,such as the natural frequency and the damping ratio throughout the whole process by micro-tremor test,impact test and white noise test.The test result indicated a characteristic decrease of natural frequency and an increase of structural damping in the damage process,while the situation was opposite in the retrofitting process.Compared with the initial test,the decline of natural frequencies and the growth of damping ratios were smaller in subsequent test.According to the response of the frame in two shaking table tests,the dynamic characteristics have close relationship to the seismic resistance capability.With the variation of the dynamic characteristics,the earthquake resistance capability of damaged/repaired frame can be predicted effectively.
A 1/4-scale two-bay eight-storey reinforced concrete frame was tested on shaking table.After the initial shaking table test,the damaged frame was repaired using epoxy injection technique,and then subjected to the same acceleration record input selected for the initial tests.The variations of dynamic characteristics were investigated experimentally,such as the natural frequency and the damping ratio throughout the whole process by micro-tremor test,impact test and white noise test.The test result indicated a characteristic decrease of natural frequency and an increase of structural damping in the damage process,while the situation was opposite in the retrofitting process.Compared with the initial test,the decline of natural frequencies and the growth of damping ratios were smaller in subsequent test.According to the response of the frame in two shaking table tests,the dynamic characteristics have close relationship to the seismic resistance capability.With the variation of the dynamic characteristics,the earthquake resistance capability of damaged/repaired frame can be predicted effectively.
引文
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[3]刘晓英,奚勇.基于频率的震后房屋快速检测评估及结果统计分析[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2009,41(增刊):135―142.Liu Xiaoying,Xi Yong.Frequency-based building rapiddetection and assessment after the earthquake andstatistical analysis of the results[J].Journal of SichuanUniversity(Engineering Science Edition),2009,41(Suppl):135―142.(in Chinese)
[4]吴体,解振涛,王永维,罗苓隆.结构动力特性测试在优秀历史建筑保护中的应用[J].四川建筑科学研究,2010,36(6):60―64.Wu Ti,Xie Zhentao,Wang Yongwei,Luo Linglong.Theapplication about measurements of dynamic propertiesduring the protection of excellent historical buildings[J].Sichuan Building Science,2010,36(6):60―64.(inChinese)
[5]施卫星,汪洋,刘成清.基于频率测量的高层建筑地震作用损伤分析[J].西南交通大学学报,2007,42(4):389―394.Shi Weixing,Wang Yang,Liu Chengqing.Damageanalysis of high-rise building under seismic load basedon frequency measurement[J].Journal of SouthwestJiaotong University,2007,42(4):389―394.(in Chinese)
[6]Celebi M.comparison of damping in buildings underlow-amplitude and strong motions[J].Journal of WindEngineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,1996,59(2/3):309―323.
[7]Hart G C,Lew M,Dijulia R M.High-rise buildingresponse:Damping and period nonlinearities[C]//Proceedings of the 5th World Conference on EarthquakeEngineering Rome,Italy,1973:1440―1444.
[8]毛巍.某高层建筑在振动台试验中的结构阻尼研究[J].武汉理工大学学报,2010,32(6):23―26.Mao Wei.Research on structural damping in a shakingtable test of a high-rise building[J].Journal of WuhanUniversity of Technology,2010,32(6):23―26.(inChinese)
[9]Newmark N M,Hall W J.Seismic design criteria fornuclear reactor facilities[C]//Proceedings of the 4thWorld Conference on Earthquake Engineering Santiago,Chile,1969:37―50.
[10]Hart G C.Damping in Nuclear reactors[C]//Proc.of the5th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering Rome,Italy,1973:2029―2037.
[11]董军,邓洪洲,王肇民.结构动力分析阻尼模型研究[J].世界地震工程,2000,16(4):63―69.Dong Jun,Deng Hongzhou,Wang Zhaomin.Studies onthe damping models for structural dynamic time historyanalysis[J].World Information on EarthquakeEngineering,2000,16(4):63―68.(in Chinese)
[12]黄宗明,白绍良,赖明.结构地震反应时程分析中的阻尼问题评述[J].地震工程与工程振动,1996,16(2):95―105.Huang Zongming,Bai Shaoliang,Lai Ming.Review onthe damping in earthquake response time-history analysisof structures[J].Earthquake Engineering andEngineering Vibration,1996,16(2):95―105.(inChinese)
[13]樊海涛.钢筋混凝土建筑非线性阻尼性能及其地震反应研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2005.Fan Haitao.The research on non-linear dampingproperties and seismic response of reinforced concretebuildings[D].Changsha:Hunan University,2005.(inChinese)
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