结构-土-结构体系动力特性的模型实验
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摘要
为研究邻近结构对土-结构体系动力特性的影响,基于弹性相似律,制作了框架结构在刚性基础(RF)、单一结构土-结构相互作用(SSI)和结构-土-结构相互作用(SSSI)的缩尺模型.采用脉冲激励方法识别出三个模型的频率、模态和阻尼比,并与原型有限元计算结果相比较.实验和数值计算结果表明:相应于SSI体系的模态,SSSI体系的模态成对出现,两阶模态的频率接近而相位相反,且SSI体系相应模态的频率位于这两阶频率之间;由于相邻结构的影响,SSSI体系基础的竖向位移和倾覆转角进一步加强.
Based on the elasticity similitude law,three scaled models,including a frame structure with rigid foundation( RF),soil-structure interaction( SSI) with only one structure and structure-soil-structure interaction( SSSI),were constructed to investigate the effects of neighborhood structures on the dynamic characteristics of the soil-structure system. Then,the impulse excitation method was used to identify the frequencies,mode shapes,and damping ratios of the three models. All of the identified parameters were compared with those of prototypes by the finite element method. Test and numerical results show that there are two natural modes of SSSI,whose frequencies are close but phases are opposite corresponding to each mode of SSI. Moreover,the natural frequency of SSI will be in the interval of the corresponding two frequencies of SSSI. The vertical and rocking displacements increase in the SSSI system due to the effects of neighborhood structures. The scale factors of frequencies between prototypes and models agree with the similitude law.
Based on the elasticity similitude law,three scaled models,including a frame structure with rigid foundation( RF),soil-structure interaction( SSI) with only one structure and structure-soil-structure interaction( SSSI),were constructed to investigate the effects of neighborhood structures on the dynamic characteristics of the soil-structure system. Then,the impulse excitation method was used to identify the frequencies,mode shapes,and damping ratios of the three models. All of the identified parameters were compared with those of prototypes by the finite element method. Test and numerical results show that there are two natural modes of SSSI,whose frequencies are close but phases are opposite corresponding to each mode of SSI. Moreover,the natural frequency of SSI will be in the interval of the corresponding two frequencies of SSSI. The vertical and rocking displacements increase in the SSSI system due to the effects of neighborhood structures. The scale factors of frequencies between prototypes and models agree with the similitude law.
引文
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[16]Celebi M.Seismic responses of two adjacent buildings:I.Data and analysis.J Struct Eng,1993,119(8):2461
[17]Celebi M.Seismic responses of two adjacent buildings:II.Interaction.J Struct Eng,1993,119(8):2477
[18]Zhu Z H.Theoretical Analysis and Test Research on Soil-Box Foundation-Structure Dynamic Interaction System[Dissertation].Hunan:Hunan University,2006(朱志辉.土-箱基-框架结构动力相互作用的实验研究与理论分析[学位论文].湖南:湖南大学,2006)
[19]Lin G,Zhu T,Lin B.Similarity technique for dynamic structural model test.J Dalian Univ Technol,2000,40(1):1(林皋,朱彤,林蓓.结构动力模型实验的相似技巧.大连理工大学学报,2000,40(1):1)
[20]Chi S C,Lam S S.Validation of similitude laws for dynamic structural model test.World Earthquake Eng,2004,20(4):11(迟世春,林少书.结构动力模型实验相似理论及其验证.世界地震工程,2004,20(4):11)
[21]Liu J B,Liu X Q,Wang Z G,et al.Dynamic centrifuge model test of an unconfined sandy foundation.J Tsinghua Univ Sci Technol,2009,49(9):1463(刘晶波,刘祥庆,王宗纲,等.砂土地基自由场离心机振动台模型实验.清华大学学报:自然科学版,2009,49(9):1463)
[22]Liao Z P.The Earthquake Microzonation:Theory and Practice.Beijing:Earthquake Publishing,1989(廖振鹏.地震小区划:理论与实践.北京:地震出版社,1989)
[23]Fu Z F.Vibration Modal Analysis and System Identification.Beijing:China Machine Press,1990(傅志方.振动模态分析与参数辨识.北京:机械工业出版社,1990)
[2]Li H,Lai M,Bai S L.A summary of research on soil-structure dynamic interaction(I).J Chongqing Jianzhu Univ,1999,21(4):113(李辉,赖明,白少良.土-结动力相互作用研究综述(I).重庆建筑大学学报,1999,21(4):113)
[3]Wang M S,Pan D G,Zhou X Y.Soil-structure interaction analysis based on the soil lumped parameters model.J Univ Sci Technol Beijing,2007,29(1):5(王满生,潘旦光,周锡元.基于土层集总参数模型的土-结构动力相互作用分析.北京科技大学学报,2007,29(1):5)
[4]Lou M L,Wang H F,Chen X,Zhai Y M.Structure-soil-structure interaction:literature review.Soil Dyn Earthquake Eng,2011,31:1724
[5]Groby J P,Wirgin A.Seismic motion in urban sites consisting of blocks in welded contact with a soft layer overlying a hard halfspace.Geophys J Int,2008,172:725
[6]Ghergu M,Ionescu I R.Structure-soil-structure coupling in seismic excitation and“city effect”.Int J Eng Sci,2009,47(3):342
[7]Luco J E,Contesse L.Dynamic structure-soil-structure interaction.Bull Seismol Soc Am,1973,63(4):1289
[8]Wolf J P.Dynamic Soil-Structure Interaction.New Jersey:Prentice-Hall Inc.,1985
[9]Karabalis D L,Mohammadi M.3-D dynamic foundation-soilfoundation interaction on layered soil.Soil Dyn Earthquake Eng,1998,17:139
[10]Jiang X L,Li Z X,Yan Z D.The spline finite element and the infinite element analysis of interaction system for neighboring buildings.J Tianjin Univ,1996,29(6):889(姜忻良,李忠献,严宗达.子域样条有限元与无限元耦合法分析相邻建筑物的相互作用.天津大学学报,1996,29(6):889)
[11]Dou L J,Yang B P.Dynamic interaction of tall building with neighboring multi-storied building.Earthquake Eng Eng Vib,2000,20(3):15(窦立军,杨柏坡.高层建筑与相邻多层建筑间的动力相互作用.地震工程与工程振动,2000,20(3):15)
[12]Cai B,Mu Z G,Shen Y L,et al.Shaking table testing study on the integrated model of a high rise hybrid building structure with irregularity.J Univ Sci Technol Beijing,2010,32(5):682(蔡斌,牟在根,沈银澜,等.不规则高层混合结构整体模型模拟地震振动台实验研究.北京科技大学学报,2010,32(5):682)
[13]Li Z B,Li X L,Tang Z Y,et al.Review of research on shaking table test of dynamic soil-structure interaction.Technol Earthquake Disaster Prev,2010,5(4):439(李振宝,李晓亮,唐贞云,等.土-结构动力相互作用的振动台实验研究综述.震灾防御技术,2010,5(4):439)
[14]LüX L,Chen Y Q.Study on effect of soil-structure interaction by shaking table test.Earthquake Eng Eng Vib,2002,22(2):42(吕西林,陈跃庆.高层建筑结构-地基动力相互作用效果的振动台实验对比研究,地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(2):42)
[15]Lou M L,Zong G,Niu W X,et al.Shaking table model test of soil-pile-steel structure interaction system.Earthquake Eng Eng Vib,2006,26(5):226(楼梦麟,宗刚,牛伟星,等.土-桩-钢结构相互作用体系的振动台模型实验研究.地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(5):226)
[16]Celebi M.Seismic responses of two adjacent buildings:I.Data and analysis.J Struct Eng,1993,119(8):2461
[17]Celebi M.Seismic responses of two adjacent buildings:II.Interaction.J Struct Eng,1993,119(8):2477
[18]Zhu Z H.Theoretical Analysis and Test Research on Soil-Box Foundation-Structure Dynamic Interaction System[Dissertation].Hunan:Hunan University,2006(朱志辉.土-箱基-框架结构动力相互作用的实验研究与理论分析[学位论文].湖南:湖南大学,2006)
[19]Lin G,Zhu T,Lin B.Similarity technique for dynamic structural model test.J Dalian Univ Technol,2000,40(1):1(林皋,朱彤,林蓓.结构动力模型实验的相似技巧.大连理工大学学报,2000,40(1):1)
[20]Chi S C,Lam S S.Validation of similitude laws for dynamic structural model test.World Earthquake Eng,2004,20(4):11(迟世春,林少书.结构动力模型实验相似理论及其验证.世界地震工程,2004,20(4):11)
[21]Liu J B,Liu X Q,Wang Z G,et al.Dynamic centrifuge model test of an unconfined sandy foundation.J Tsinghua Univ Sci Technol,2009,49(9):1463(刘晶波,刘祥庆,王宗纲,等.砂土地基自由场离心机振动台模型实验.清华大学学报:自然科学版,2009,49(9):1463)
[22]Liao Z P.The Earthquake Microzonation:Theory and Practice.Beijing:Earthquake Publishing,1989(廖振鹏.地震小区划:理论与实践.北京:地震出版社,1989)
[23]Fu Z F.Vibration Modal Analysis and System Identification.Beijing:China Machine Press,1990(傅志方.振动模态分析与参数辨识.北京:机械工业出版社,1990)
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