孤岛综放面冲击地压前兆信息识别及多参数预警研究
摘要
孤岛综放工作面强烈的动压显现使得其发生冲击地压的可能性大大增加,通过运用微地震和电磁辐射综合监测手段分析孤岛综放工作面两次强动压显现事件,获得了工作面煤体发生冲击地压前后能量积聚与释放规律及相应微震和电磁辐射监测数据变化规律,认为工作面煤体发生冲击地压前一般存在一个短暂的能量积聚期,在能量积聚期内微震系统监测到的微震事件的次数和总能量均较少,同时能量积聚期内煤体电磁辐射强度值和脉冲数均持续升高。将工作面微震事件的沉默期以及煤体电磁辐射强度值、脉冲数的持续升高期作为冲击地压的综合前兆信息,并将其转换为量化的预警参数和指标,建立了工作面冲击地压多参数预警方法。现场实践表明,危险识别与灾害预警效果良好。
The strong dynamic pressure manifestation on the island fully mechanized caving face largely increases the possibility of rockburst. Two strong dynamic pressure manifestation events of the island fully mechanized caving face are analyzed by making use of microseismic and electromagnetic radiation monitoring. The law of energy accumulation and release in coal, as well as the monitoring data variations of microseismic and electromagnetic radiation, which pre and post rockburst, are obtained. The coal of working face generally has a short energy storage time before the rockburst. The number of microseism events and the total energy of microseism events are few in this period, which is monitored by the microseism system. And at the same time the coal electromagnetic radiation intensity value and the pulse number continually increased during this period. The microseism event silence period of working face as well as coal electromagnetic radiation intensity value and pulse number continual ascension period can be seen as rockburst precursor information. By transforming these precursor information into quantitative early warning parameters and index, the method of working face rockburst multiparameter early warning is proposed. Finally, the engineering practice shows that this method is effective.
The strong dynamic pressure manifestation on the island fully mechanized caving face largely increases the possibility of rockburst. Two strong dynamic pressure manifestation events of the island fully mechanized caving face are analyzed by making use of microseismic and electromagnetic radiation monitoring. The law of energy accumulation and release in coal, as well as the monitoring data variations of microseismic and electromagnetic radiation, which pre and post rockburst, are obtained. The coal of working face generally has a short energy storage time before the rockburst. The number of microseism events and the total energy of microseism events are few in this period, which is monitored by the microseism system. And at the same time the coal electromagnetic radiation intensity value and the pulse number continually increased during this period. The microseism event silence period of working face as well as coal electromagnetic radiation intensity value and pulse number continual ascension period can be seen as rockburst precursor information. By transforming these precursor information into quantitative early warning parameters and index, the method of working face rockburst multiparameter early warning is proposed. Finally, the engineering practice shows that this method is effective.
引文
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[16]潘俊锋,宁宇,毛德兵,等.煤矿开采冲击地压启动理论[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(3):586-596.PAN Jun-feng,NING Yu,MAO De-bing,et al.Theory of rock burst start-up during coal mining[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(3):586-596.
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[18]窦林名,何学秋,王恩元.冲击矿压预测的电磁辐射技术及应用[J].煤炭学报,2004,29(4):396-399.DOU Lin-ming,HE Xue-qiu,WANG En-yuan.Electromagnetic emission technique of monitoring rock burst and its application[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2004,29(4):396-399.
[2]谭云亮.矿山压力与岩层控制[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2011.
[3]齐庆新,窦林名.冲击地压理论与技术[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2008.
[4]王宏伟.长壁孤岛工作面冲击地压机理及防冲技术研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学,2011.
[5]姜福兴,苗小虎,王存文,等.构造控制型冲击地压的微地震监测预警研究与实践[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(6):900-903.JIANG Fu-xing,MIAO Xiao-hu,WANG Cun-wen,et al.Predicting research and practice of tectonic-controlled coal burst by microseismic monitoring[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(6):900-903.
[6]GE M C.Efficient mine microseismic monitoring[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2005,64(1-2):44-56.
[7]谭云亮,赵同彬,颜伟.岩层破坏突变前兆异常识别方法[J].岩土力学,2003,32(增刊):335-339.TAN Yun-liang,ZHAO Tong-bin,YAN Wei.Identification method for abnormal omen caused by strata catastrophe[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,32(Supp.):335-339.
[8]OGAWA T,OIKE K,MIURA T.Electromagnetic radiation from rocks[J].Journal of Geophysics Research,1985,90(D4):6245-6249.
[9]FRID V,VOZOFF K.Electromagnetic radiation induced by mining rock failure[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2005,64(1-2):57-65.
[10]袁瑞甫,李化敏,李怀珍.煤柱型冲击地压微震信号分布特征及前兆信息判别[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(1):80-85.YUAN Rui-fu,LI Hua-min,LI Huai-zhen.Distribution of microseismic signal and discrimination of portentous information of pillar type rockburst[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(1):80-85.
[11]张书敬,姚建国,鞠文君.千秋煤矿冲击地压与微震活动关系[J]煤炭学报,2012,37(1):7-12.ZHANG Shu-jing,YAO Jian-guo,JU Wen-jun.Relationship of rockburst and microseismic activity in Qianqiu Coal Mine[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(1):7-12.
[12]刘贞堂,刘晓斐,王恩元.冲击地压电磁辐射序列的ARMA预测[J].中国矿业大学学报,2009,38(3):317-320.LIU Zhen-tang,LIU Xiao-fei,WANG En-yuan.An ARMA prediction model for electromagnetic radiation data preceeding a rock burst[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2009,38(3):317-320.
[13]赵周能,冯夏庭,陈炳瑞,等.深埋隧洞微震活动区与岩爆的相关性研究[J].岩土力学,2013,34(2):491-497.ZHAO Zhou-neng,FENG Xia-ting,CHEN Bing-rui,et al.Study of relativity between rockburst and microseismic activity zone in deep tunnel[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(2):491-497.
[14]陈炳瑞,冯夏庭,曾雄辉,等.深埋隧洞TBM掘进微震实时监测与特征分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(2):275-283.CHEN Bing-rui,FENG Xia-ting,ZENG Xiong-hui,et al.Real-time microseismic monitoring and its characteristic analysis during TBM tunneling in deep-buried tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(2):275-283.
[15]刘金海,姜福兴,冯涛.C型采场支承压力分布特征的数值模拟研究[J].岩土力学,2010,31(12):4011-4015.LIU Jin-hai,JIANG Fu-xing,FENG Tao.Numerical simulation of abutment pressure distribution of C-shaped stope[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(12):4011-4015.
[16]潘俊锋,宁宇,毛德兵,等.煤矿开采冲击地压启动理论[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(3):586-596.PAN Jun-feng,NING Yu,MAO De-bing,et al.Theory of rock burst start-up during coal mining[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(3):586-596.
[17]赵毅鑫,姜耀东,王涛,等.“两硬”条件下冲击地压微震信号特征及前兆识别[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(12):1960-1966.ZHAO Yi-xin,JIANG Yao-dong,WANG Tao,et al.Features of microseismic events and precursors of rock burst in underground coal mining with hard roof[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(12):1960-1966.
[18]窦林名,何学秋,王恩元.冲击矿压预测的电磁辐射技术及应用[J].煤炭学报,2004,29(4):396-399.DOU Lin-ming,HE Xue-qiu,WANG En-yuan.Electromagnetic emission technique of monitoring rock burst and its application[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2004,29(4):396-399.
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