基于电磁悬浮技术的结构竖向隔震系统研究
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摘要
开发一种基于电磁悬浮技术的结构竖向隔震装置,该装置主要由衔铁、电磁铁、缠绕在电磁铁上的线圈和位移传感器等4部分组成。与传统竖向隔震支座相比,该新型隔震装置能够方便地实现结构竖向振动的主动控制。介绍该竖向隔震装置的组成构造和工作原理;建立电磁悬浮隔震系统的运动方程组;简述电磁悬浮隔震系统的主动控制方法。对一典型框架柱的电磁悬浮隔震系统进行竖向地震响应仿真分析。结果表明,当结构所受的振动激励已知时,通过实时控制电流,框架柱能够实现"免震"效果。而当结构所受的振动激励未知时,磁悬浮竖向隔震支座能够高效地降低框架柱的竖向振动响应。同时,采用普通的铜线和绝缘材料即可满足电磁悬浮隔震系统对电流的要求,可见利用磁悬浮技术进行结构竖向隔震是可行的。
A structural vertical-isolation device based on electromagnetic levitation technique, which is composed of armature, electromagnet, coil winding in the electromagnet and displacement sensors, is developed. The new device has a favorably capability in active control of vertical vibration, compared to the traditional vertical-isolation devices. The configuration department and operational principle of the device are introduced. The motion equations of magnetically levitated isolation system(MLIS) is developed, and the methods of active control are described. A MLIS of typical frame column is chosen to analyze seismic responses. The results show that the frame column is able to avoid vibrating by real-time controlling the current when the vibration excitations are known; the device is able to greatly reduce the seismic responses of frame column when the vibration excitations are unknown. Meanwhile, the ordinary copper wire and insulation material are satisfied to the demands of the device on current. It is feasible to isolate vertical vibration by use of electromagnetic levitation technique.
A structural vertical-isolation device based on electromagnetic levitation technique, which is composed of armature, electromagnet, coil winding in the electromagnet and displacement sensors, is developed. The new device has a favorably capability in active control of vertical vibration, compared to the traditional vertical-isolation devices. The configuration department and operational principle of the device are introduced. The motion equations of magnetically levitated isolation system(MLIS) is developed, and the methods of active control are described. A MLIS of typical frame column is chosen to analyze seismic responses. The results show that the frame column is able to avoid vibrating by real-time controlling the current when the vibration excitations are known; the device is able to greatly reduce the seismic responses of frame column when the vibration excitations are unknown. Meanwhile, the ordinary copper wire and insulation material are satisfied to the demands of the device on current. It is feasible to isolate vertical vibration by use of electromagnetic levitation technique.
引文
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[15]Mizuno T,Takasaki M,Kishita D,et al.Vibration isolation system combining zero-power magnetic suspension with springs[J].Control Engineering Practice,2007,15(2):187-196
[16]曹广忠,潘剑飞,黄苏丹,等.磁悬浮系统控制算法及实现[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2013(Cao Guangzhong,Pan Jianfei,Huang Sudan,et al.Control algorithm and their realization in the magnetic levitation system[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2013(in Chinese))
[17]JGJ 3—2010高层建筑混凝土结构技术规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010(JGJ 3—2010 Technical specification for concrete structures of tall building[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2010(in Chinese))
[18]徐俊起.基于力平衡的磁悬浮控制方法[J].电机与控制应用,2010,37(11):20-23(Xu Junqi.Magnetic suspension control method based on force balance[J].Electric Machines and Control Application,2010,37(11):20-23(in Chinese))
[2]Morishita M,Inoue K,Fujita T.Development of threedimensional seismic isolation systems for fast reactor application[J].Journal of Japan Association for Earthquake Engineering,2004,4(3):305-310
[3]赵亚敏.苏经宇,周锡元,等.碟形弹簧竖向隔震结构振动台试验及数值模拟研究[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(6):99-106(Zhao Yamin,Su Jingyu,Zhou Xiyuan,et al.Shaking table test and numerical analysis of vertical-isolated building model with combined disk spring bearing[J].Journal of Building Structures,2008,29(6):99-106(in Chinese))
[4]Kashiwazaki A,Mita R,Enomoto T,et al.Threedimensional base isolation system equipped with hydraulic mechanism[J].Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers,1999,66(648):146-151
[5]刘天适,赵强,王兴国,等.碟形弹簧竖向减震体系的分析与研究[J].世界地震工程,2004,20(2):1-5(Liu Tianshi,Zhao Qiang,Wang Xingguo,et al.A study on vertical seismic isolation system with disk spring[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2004,20(2):1-5(in Chinese))
[6]夏昌.磁悬浮在工程结构防振领域中的技术应用:中国:ZL20091011158.2[P].2012-04-18
[7]夏昌,傅大宝,黄滨.磁悬浮技术在结构减振控制中的应用[J].地震工程与工程振动,2014,34(1):211-216(Xia Chang,Fu Dabao,Huang Bin.Application of magnetic levitation technique in structural vibration control[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamic,2014,34(1):211-216(in Chinese))
[8]Bitterly J G.Flywheel technology:past,present,and 21st century projections[J].Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine,IEEE,1998,13(8):13-16
[9]龙志强.磁浮飞轮试验模型的研究[J].国防科技大学学报,1995,17(4):97-102(Long Zhiqiang.Research on the laboratory model of magnetic suspension flywheel[J].Journal of National University of Defense Technology,1995,17(4):97-102(in Chinese))
[10]Bica I.Advances in magnetorheological suspension:production and properties[J].Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry,2006,12(4):501-515
[11]Ledezma-Ramirez D F,Ferguson N S,Brennan M J.An experimental switchable stiffness device for shock isolation[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2012,331(23):4987-5001
[12]Hoque M E,Mizuno T,Ishino Y,et al.A three-axis vibration isolation system using modified zero-power controller with parallel mechanism technique[J].Mechatronics,2011,21(6):1055-1062
[13]Ahn K G,Pahk H J,Jung M Y,et al.A hybrid-type active vibration isolation system using neural networks[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1996,192(4):793-805
[14]龙志强,佘龙华,尹力明,等.磁悬浮隔振技术研究[J].机电工程,1995,2:16-20
[15]Mizuno T,Takasaki M,Kishita D,et al.Vibration isolation system combining zero-power magnetic suspension with springs[J].Control Engineering Practice,2007,15(2):187-196
[16]曹广忠,潘剑飞,黄苏丹,等.磁悬浮系统控制算法及实现[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2013(Cao Guangzhong,Pan Jianfei,Huang Sudan,et al.Control algorithm and their realization in the magnetic levitation system[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2013(in Chinese))
[17]JGJ 3—2010高层建筑混凝土结构技术规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010(JGJ 3—2010 Technical specification for concrete structures of tall building[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2010(in Chinese))
[18]徐俊起.基于力平衡的磁悬浮控制方法[J].电机与控制应用,2010,37(11):20-23(Xu Junqi.Magnetic suspension control method based on force balance[J].Electric Machines and Control Application,2010,37(11):20-23(in Chinese))
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