都市村庄底框砌体结构的动力弹塑性分析
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摘要
以都市村庄底框砌体结构房屋为研究对象,建立了有限元分析模型。利用分块Lanczos法计算了结构的自振周期和振型。沿纵横两个方向分别施加调幅后的El Centro地震波进行大震作用下结构的弹塑性时程分析。分析结果表明:底框砌体结构纵向刚度比横向弱;纵横两个方向在罕遇地震作用下底层框架部分均出现严重的弹塑性变形集中,层间位移大,层间位移角均不能满足现行规范的抗震设防要求;底层柱上下端、窗洞口四角和楼盖部位附近是结构薄弱环节,在较小地震加速度值下,已经出现裂缝;第2～3层砌体部分,特别是过渡层,墙体在大震下出现较多开裂,是上部砌体部分的薄弱环节。研究结果可为此类房屋的建造和改造及抗震性能评价提供技术参考。
Taking the houses of bottom frame masonry structure in urban villages as study object,this paper establishes a model of finite element analysis and uses block Lanczos method to calculate structural free vibration periods and modes.Along both longitudinal and transverse directions,El Centro waves adjusted in amplitude were applied to conduct elastoplastic analysis of the structure.The results show that the vertical stiffness of the structure is smaller than horizontal one;Under seldom occurred earthquake in both,the bottom frame will bring about serious concentration of elastic-plastic deformation with big story drift and the story drift angle cannot meet the demand of earthquake fortification in current code;the top and bottom ends of ground floor,four corners of a window and proximity of building roof are all weak parts of a structure,and crack will occur under a relative small acceleration;in the masonry structure of the second and third floors,particularly the transitional floor,walls which are the weak part of the masonry will have more cracks under a great earthquake.The results of the study would provide technical reference to the construction and improvement of such buildings and evaluation of seismic performance.
Taking the houses of bottom frame masonry structure in urban villages as study object,this paper establishes a model of finite element analysis and uses block Lanczos method to calculate structural free vibration periods and modes.Along both longitudinal and transverse directions,El Centro waves adjusted in amplitude were applied to conduct elastoplastic analysis of the structure.The results show that the vertical stiffness of the structure is smaller than horizontal one;Under seldom occurred earthquake in both,the bottom frame will bring about serious concentration of elastic-plastic deformation with big story drift and the story drift angle cannot meet the demand of earthquake fortification in current code;the top and bottom ends of ground floor,four corners of a window and proximity of building roof are all weak parts of a structure,and crack will occur under a relative small acceleration;in the masonry structure of the second and third floors,particularly the transitional floor,walls which are the weak part of the masonry will have more cracks under a great earthquake.The results of the study would provide technical reference to the construction and improvement of such buildings and evaluation of seismic performance.
引文
[1]王伟,杨尧志.底层框架砌体房屋抗震性能分析[J].世界地震工程,2002,18(2):153-157.WANG Wei,YANG Yaozhi.AnaIysis of seismic performance of multistory masonry buildings with bottom story frame[J].World Earthquake Engi-neering,2002,18(2):153-157.
[2]清华大学土木工程结构专家组,西南交通大学土木工程结构专家组,北京交通大学土木工程结构专家组.汶川地震建筑震害分析[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(4):1-9.Civil and structural groups of Tsinghua University,civil and structural groups of Xin’an Jiaotong University,civil and structural groups of BeijingJiaotong University.Analysis on seismic damage of buildings in Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Building Structures,2008,29(4):1-9.
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[4]杨卫忠,樊濬.砌体受压应力-应变关系[J].郑州大学学报(工学版),2007,28(1):47-50.YANG Wei-zhong,FAN Jun.A generic stress-strain equation for masonry materials in compression[J].Journal of Zhengzhou University(En-gineering Science),2007,28(1):47-50.
[5]王新敏.ANSYS工程结构数值分析[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2007:479-480,273-275.WANG Xinmin.ANSYS-numerical Analysis of engineering structure[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2007:479-480,273-275.
[6]王世敏.底部框架——抗震墙砖房抗震性能研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2010.WAN Shi-min.Research of seismic performance of brick masonry building with frame-shear wall at low stories[D].Beijing:Beijing Universityof Technology,2010
[7]刘扬,翟新芳.郑州大学东校区场地地震地质条件及抗震设防应对措施[J].河南地质,2001,19(4):289-294.LIU Yang,ZHAI Xinfang.Earthquake-geology conditions of the construction site and earthquake-proof measures in medical college under Zheng-zhou University[J].Journal of Heng Geology,2001,19(4):289-294.
[8]金灿国.底层薄弱层框架-填充墙抗震性能研究[D].长沙:长沙理工大学,2009.JIN Canguo.Study on seismic performance of infilled frame of underlying weak layer[D].Changsha:Changsha University of Science&Technology,2009.
[9]白峻昶,靳金平.时程分析用地震波选取的探讨[J].山西建筑,2007,33(3):62-63.BAI Junchang,JIN Jinping.On selection of earthquake wave for time history analysis[J].Journal of Shanxi Architecture,2007,33(3):62-63.
[2]清华大学土木工程结构专家组,西南交通大学土木工程结构专家组,北京交通大学土木工程结构专家组.汶川地震建筑震害分析[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(4):1-9.Civil and structural groups of Tsinghua University,civil and structural groups of Xin’an Jiaotong University,civil and structural groups of BeijingJiaotong University.Analysis on seismic damage of buildings in Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Building Structures,2008,29(4):1-9.
[3]过镇海.混凝土的强度和本构关系——原理与应用[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2004:42-44.GUO Zhen-hai.The concrete strength and constitutive relation-principle and application[M].Beijing:China Architecure&Building Press,2004:42-44.
[4]杨卫忠,樊濬.砌体受压应力-应变关系[J].郑州大学学报(工学版),2007,28(1):47-50.YANG Wei-zhong,FAN Jun.A generic stress-strain equation for masonry materials in compression[J].Journal of Zhengzhou University(En-gineering Science),2007,28(1):47-50.
[5]王新敏.ANSYS工程结构数值分析[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2007:479-480,273-275.WANG Xinmin.ANSYS-numerical Analysis of engineering structure[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2007:479-480,273-275.
[6]王世敏.底部框架——抗震墙砖房抗震性能研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2010.WAN Shi-min.Research of seismic performance of brick masonry building with frame-shear wall at low stories[D].Beijing:Beijing Universityof Technology,2010
[7]刘扬,翟新芳.郑州大学东校区场地地震地质条件及抗震设防应对措施[J].河南地质,2001,19(4):289-294.LIU Yang,ZHAI Xinfang.Earthquake-geology conditions of the construction site and earthquake-proof measures in medical college under Zheng-zhou University[J].Journal of Heng Geology,2001,19(4):289-294.
[8]金灿国.底层薄弱层框架-填充墙抗震性能研究[D].长沙:长沙理工大学,2009.JIN Canguo.Study on seismic performance of infilled frame of underlying weak layer[D].Changsha:Changsha University of Science&Technology,2009.
[9]白峻昶,靳金平.时程分析用地震波选取的探讨[J].山西建筑,2007,33(3):62-63.BAI Junchang,JIN Jinping.On selection of earthquake wave for time history analysis[J].Journal of Shanxi Architecture,2007,33(3):62-63.
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