古建筑直榫节点扁钢与阻尼器加固比较研究
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摘要
为更好地对古建筑木结构进行抗震加固,基于直榫节点力学模型,以汶川地震中受损的青城山黄帝殿为例,对直榫节点分别采用扁钢和阻尼器加固,对比分析了加固前后结构的自振周期、节点加速度放大系数以及被加固节点相邻杆件的内力.结果表明:2种加固方法均能提高结构的抗震性能,但扁钢加固加大了节点刚度和部分相邻构件的内力,易导致相邻节点拔榫破坏;阻尼器加固可在不增大节点刚度的条件下,减轻结构的地震响应,加固节点的加速度放大系数降低12.8%,加固节点相连杆件的拉力、剪力和弯矩分别平均降低48.3%、40.6%和52.1%,起到了耗能和防止拔榫的作用.
For better seismic reinforcement of Chinese ancient wooden buildings, based on the mechanical model for straight type of tenon-mortise joints the flat steel strengthening and damper strengthening of straight type of tenon-mortise joints were investigated respectively by taking the Yellow Emperor Temple in Qingcheng Mountain damaged in the Wenchuan earthquake as an example. The vibration period of the structure,the acceleration magnification factor of a strengthened joint and the internal force of adjacent members of the strengthened joint were analyzed by using the two strengthening measures,and compared with those of the original structure. The analysis results indicate that the seismic performance of the structure is significantly improved by the two strengthening measures. However,the flat steel strengthening will increase the structural stiffness of the strengthened joint and the internal forces of its adjacent members to easily result in pulling-out-tenon of adjacent joints. The damper strengthening can significantly weaken the seismic responses of the structure without increasing joint stiffness and reduce the acceleration magnification factor of the strengthened joint by12. 8% and average tension force,shear force and bending moment by 48. 3%,40. 6% and 52. 1%respectively,so the damper strengthening has the effects of energy dissipation and preventing pullingout-tenon.
For better seismic reinforcement of Chinese ancient wooden buildings, based on the mechanical model for straight type of tenon-mortise joints the flat steel strengthening and damper strengthening of straight type of tenon-mortise joints were investigated respectively by taking the Yellow Emperor Temple in Qingcheng Mountain damaged in the Wenchuan earthquake as an example. The vibration period of the structure,the acceleration magnification factor of a strengthened joint and the internal force of adjacent members of the strengthened joint were analyzed by using the two strengthening measures,and compared with those of the original structure. The analysis results indicate that the seismic performance of the structure is significantly improved by the two strengthening measures. However,the flat steel strengthening will increase the structural stiffness of the strengthened joint and the internal forces of its adjacent members to easily result in pulling-out-tenon of adjacent joints. The damper strengthening can significantly weaken the seismic responses of the structure without increasing joint stiffness and reduce the acceleration magnification factor of the strengthened joint by12. 8% and average tension force,shear force and bending moment by 48. 3%,40. 6% and 52. 1%respectively,so the damper strengthening has the effects of energy dissipation and preventing pullingout-tenon.
引文
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[15]于业栓,薛建阳,赵鸿铁.碳纤维布及扁钢加固古建筑榫卯节点抗震性能试验研究[J].世界地震工程,2008,24(3):310-316.YU Yeshuan,XUE Jianyang,ZHAO Hongtie.Experimental study on seismic behavior of mortisetenon joints of Chinese ancient wooden building strengthened with CFRP sheets and flat steel[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2008,24(3):310-316.
[2]潘毅,赵世春,余志祥,等.对汶川地震灾区文化遗产建筑震害与保护的几点思考[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2010,42(增刊1):82-85.PAN Yi,ZHAO Shichun,YU Zhixiang,et al.Analysis and investigation on the seismic damage and protection of cultural heritage architecture in Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Sichuan University:Engineering Science Edition,2010,42(Sup.1):82-85.
[3]姚侃,赵鸿铁,薛建阳.古建木结构榫卯连接的扁钢加固试验[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2009,41(10):220-224.YAO Kan,ZHAO Hongtie,XUE Jianyang.Experimental studies on seismic characteristic of strengthened mortise-tenon joint in historical timber buildings[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2009,41(10):220-224.
[4]薛建阳,隋,葛鸿鹏,等.古建筑木结构榫卯节点采用碳纤维布加固模型振动台试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2012,33(8):143-148.XUE Jianyang,SUI Yan,GE Hongpeng,et al.Shaking table test of joints strengthened with CFRP sheet in Chinese ancient timber structure[J].Journal of Building Structures,2012,33(8):143-148.
[5]谢启芳,赵鸿铁,薛建阳,等.中国古建筑木结构榫卯节点加固的试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2008,41(1):28-34.XIE Qifang,ZHAO Hongtie,XUE Jianyang,et al.An experimental study on the strengthening of mortise-tenon joints in ancient Chinese wooden buildings[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2008,41(1):28-34.
[6]王超.木结构古建筑榫卯节点力学模型与抗震加固研究[D].成都:西南交通大学土木工程学院,2013.
[7]傅熹年.傅熹年建筑史论文集[M].天津:百花文艺出版社,2009:121-134.
[8]余志祥,韦韬,赵世春,等.青城山黄帝祠砖木古建筑震害数值仿真研究[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2009,31(3):100-106.YU Zhixiang,WEI Tao,ZHAO Shichun,et al.Numerical simulation study on an ancient building of Yellow Emperor Temple built with brick and wood on Qingcheng Mountain[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2009,31(3):100-106.
[9]李合群.中国传统建筑构造[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2010:101-121.
[10]马炳坚.中国古建筑木作营造技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2003:88-94.
[11]方东平,俞茂鋐,宫本裕,等.木结构古建筑结构特性的计算研究[J].工程力学,2001,18(1):137-144.FANG Dongping,YU Maohong,GONG Benyu,et al.Numerical analysis on structural characteristics of ancient timber architecture[J].Engineering Mechanics,2001,18(1):137-144.
[12]余志祥,赵世春,吴昊.青城山居士楼砖木混合结构抗震性能数值分析[J].西南交通大学学报,2010,45(2):180-190.YU Zhixiang,ZHAO Shichun,WU Hao.Numerical simulation of aseismatic behavior of retrofitted masonry timber structure of Jushi Building on Qingcheng Mountain[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2010,45(2):180-190.
[13]赵世春,潘毅.汶川地震文化遗产建筑震害与保护对策[R].成都:西南交通大学土木工程学院,2012.
[14]四川省建筑科学研究院.GB 50165—92古建筑木结构维护与加固技术规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1993.
[15]于业栓,薛建阳,赵鸿铁.碳纤维布及扁钢加固古建筑榫卯节点抗震性能试验研究[J].世界地震工程,2008,24(3):310-316.YU Yeshuan,XUE Jianyang,ZHAO Hongtie.Experimental study on seismic behavior of mortisetenon joints of Chinese ancient wooden building strengthened with CFRP sheets and flat steel[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2008,24(3):310-316.
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