基于ABAQUS的风力机整机有限元建模和动力分析
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摘要
主要基于ABAQUS有限元软件通过密度等效的方法建立了风轮-机舱-塔筒的一体化模型,并对风力机整机进行了结构的动力特性和动力响应分析。结果表明:低阶振型表现为叶片的摆振和挥舞,高阶则会出现塔筒的谐波振动;随着风速逐渐递增,在整个仿真时间内塔顶和叶尖的顺、横风向的位移和加速度响应总体水平均逐渐增大,且在0坐标轴上下波动,响应周期逐渐缩短;叶尖点1的顺风向位移响应在整个仿真时间内要普遍略高于叶尖2、3,主要可能由于风速沿高度变化产生的风剪切效应以及考虑风向的变化,导致越高处湍流风速越大,从而产生的风荷载越大,进而产生气动力不平衡的缘故。
This paper is mainly based on ABAQUS software to establish the wind wheel cabin-tower-nacelle integration model by density equivalent method,and takes the dynamic characteristic and response analysis of the whole structure into consideration.The result shows that:vibration frequency increases with the modal order,lower order vibration perform leaf shimmy and waving,high order mainly on tower harmonic vibration;With the wind speed increasingly,downwind and crosswind displacement or acceleration response at the central point of the top tower and blade tip was gradually increased during the whole simulation time,and fluctuating in the zero axis,besides,the response period gradually shortened;the tip point 1of the downwind displacement response perform slightly higher than the tip 2,3during the simulation time.mainly because of wind shear effects along the height or on consideration with the wind direction change,leading to the higher turbulence the greater the wind speed,and resulting a greater wind load,then generating dynamic imbalance force.
This paper is mainly based on ABAQUS software to establish the wind wheel cabin-tower-nacelle integration model by density equivalent method,and takes the dynamic characteristic and response analysis of the whole structure into consideration.The result shows that:vibration frequency increases with the modal order,lower order vibration perform leaf shimmy and waving,high order mainly on tower harmonic vibration;With the wind speed increasingly,downwind and crosswind displacement or acceleration response at the central point of the top tower and blade tip was gradually increased during the whole simulation time,and fluctuating in the zero axis,besides,the response period gradually shortened;the tip point 1of the downwind displacement response perform slightly higher than the tip 2,3during the simulation time.mainly because of wind shear effects along the height or on consideration with the wind direction change,leading to the higher turbulence the greater the wind speed,and resulting a greater wind load,then generating dynamic imbalance force.
引文
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[9]苏明军.水平轴风力机叶片翼型的气动特性研究[D].沈阳:辽宁工程技术大学,2007.SU Ming-jun.The Study of Dynamic Characteristics of a Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Blade Airfoil of Gas[D].Shenyang:Liaoning Technical University,2007.
[10]王艳萍,唐胜利.风力机叶片翼型气动特性数值模拟[J].机电设备,2008,3(3):60-62.WANG Yan-ping,TANG Sheng-li.Numerical Simulation on Aerodynamic Performance of an Airfoil for Wind Turbine[J].Mechanical and Electrical Equipment,2008,3(3):60-62.
[2]蒋维.大型风力机叶片模态测试与分析[J].电网与清洁能源,2012,28(11):95-99.JIANG Wei.Modal Experiment and Analysis of Large-scale Wind Turbine Blade[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2012,28(11):95-99.
[3]QIANA C,Shi-xiao F,ZAO-JIANA Z.Investigation on Dynamic Response Characteristics of Offshore Wind Turbine Support Structure[J].Journal of Ship Mechanics,2012,16(4):408-415.
[4]BENFIELD W A,HRUDA R F.Vibration Analysis of Structures by Component Mode Substitution[J].American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Journal,1971,9(7):1255-1261.
[5]李宗福.风力机塔筒结构动力学问题探讨及分析程序的研制[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2007.LI Zong-fu.Discussion on the Problems of the Wind Turbine Tower Structure Dynamics Research and Analysis Program[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2007.
[6]陈严,申新贺,韩新月.风力机塔筒动力学有限元分析系统[J].能源技术,2008,29(5):261-264.CHEN Yan,SHEN Xin-he,HAN Xin-yue.A FE Code of Wind Turbine for Structural dynamic analysis[J].Energy technology,2008,29(5):261-264.
[7]柯世堂,曹九发,王珑,等.风力机塔架-叶片耦合模型风致响应时域分析[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2014,(4):87-93.KE Shi-tang,CAO Jiu-fa,WANG Long.Time-domain Analysis of the Wind-induced Response of the Coupled Model of Wind Turbine Tower Bladed Coupled System[J].Journal of Hunan University(Natural Science),2014,(4):87-93.
[8]刘雄,李钢强,陈严,等.水平轴风力机叶片动态响应分析[J].机械工程学报,2010,46(12):128-135.LIU Xiong,LI Gang-qiang,CHEN Yan,et al.Dynamic Response Analysis of the Blade of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2010,46(12):128-135.
[9]苏明军.水平轴风力机叶片翼型的气动特性研究[D].沈阳:辽宁工程技术大学,2007.SU Ming-jun.The Study of Dynamic Characteristics of a Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Blade Airfoil of Gas[D].Shenyang:Liaoning Technical University,2007.
[10]王艳萍,唐胜利.风力机叶片翼型气动特性数值模拟[J].机电设备,2008,3(3):60-62.WANG Yan-ping,TANG Sheng-li.Numerical Simulation on Aerodynamic Performance of an Airfoil for Wind Turbine[J].Mechanical and Electrical Equipment,2008,3(3):60-62.
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