四川紫坪铺水库库区地震剪切波分裂研究
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摘要
本研究利用四川紫坪铺水库数字地震台网2004年8月17日～2008年5月11日的地震观测波形资料,使用剪切波分裂SAM系统分析方法,获得了四川紫坪铺水库库区8个数字地震台站的快剪切波偏振结果.结果表明,紫坪铺库区台站的快剪切波偏振优势方向主要为NE或NW方向;台站的快剪切波偏振优势方向与区域主压应力方向或活动断裂走向一致;快剪切波偏振方向变化可能与汶川大地震前区域应力场的增加和龙门山断裂带微破裂增加有关,慢剪切波时间延迟的变化与四川紫坪铺水库水位升降变化相关.
Using seismic data recorded by Zipingpu reservoir Digital Seismic Network from Aug. 17, 2004 to May 11, 2008, the dominant polarization directions of fast shear-waves are obtained at 8 digital seismic stations in this region by SAM technique.The results show that dominant directions of polarizations of fast shear-waves are mainly in nearly NE or NW direction in Zipingpu reservoir region.The dominant polarization directions of fast shear-waves are consistent with the strikes of active faults, or regional principal compressive stress.The direction variety of polarization of fast shear-wave are related with the enhancement of regional stress and microcracking of Longmenshan fault before Wenchuan earthquake, and there are correlation between delay time of slow shear-wave and water level of Zipingpu reservoir.
Using seismic data recorded by Zipingpu reservoir Digital Seismic Network from Aug. 17, 2004 to May 11, 2008, the dominant polarization directions of fast shear-waves are obtained at 8 digital seismic stations in this region by SAM technique.The results show that dominant directions of polarizations of fast shear-waves are mainly in nearly NE or NW direction in Zipingpu reservoir region.The dominant polarization directions of fast shear-waves are consistent with the strikes of active faults, or regional principal compressive stress.The direction variety of polarization of fast shear-wave are related with the enhancement of regional stress and microcracking of Longmenshan fault before Wenchuan earthquake, and there are correlation between delay time of slow shear-wave and water level of Zipingpu reservoir.
引文
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[5] 赖院根,刘启元,陈九辉等.首都圈地区横波分裂与地壳应力场特征.地球物理学报,2006,49(1) :189～196 Lai Y G,Liu Q Y,Chen J H,et al.Shear wave splitting and the features of the crustal stress field in the Capital circle.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(1) :189～196
[6] 高原,郑斯华,孙勇.唐山地区地壳裂隙各向异性.地震学报,1 995,17(3) :283～293 Gao Y,Zheng S H,Sun Y.Crustal crack anisotropy in Tangshan.Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),1995,17(3) :283～293
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[10] 胡先明,谢蓉华.紫坪铺水库地震台网记录地震的复杂性.四川地震,2006,(2) :17～20 Hu X M,Xie R H.Seismic recording complexity of Zipingpu Dam Telemetered Seismic Network.Earthquake Research in Sichuan(in Chinese),2006 ,(2) :17～20
[11] 胡先明.紫坪铺水库蓄水前天然地震活动.四川地震,2007,(2) :16～21 Hu X M.Seismicity background around Zipingpu Dam beforeimpounding.Earthquake Research in Sichuan(in Chinese),2007,(2) :16～21
[12] 邓起东,张培震.中国活动构造基本特征.中国科学(D辑),2002,32(12) :1020～1030 Deng Q D,Zhang P Z.Basic characteristics of active tectonics of China.Science in China(Ser.D)(in Chinese),2002,32(12) :1020～1030
[13] 唐荣昌,文德华,黄祖智等.松潘--龙门山地区主要活动断裂带第四纪活动特征.中国地震,1991,7(3) :64～71 Tang R C,Wen D H,Huang Z Z,et al.The quaternary activity characteristics of several major active faults in the Songpan Longmenshan region.Earthquake Research in China(in Chinese),1991,7(3) :64～71
[14] 邓起东,陈社发,赵小麟.龙门山及其邻区的构造和地震活动及动力学.地震地质,1994,16(4) :389～403 Deng Q D,Chen S F,Zhao X L.Tectonics seismicity and dynamics of Longmenshan Mountains and its adjacent regions.Seismology and Geology(in Chinese),1994,16(4) :389～403
[15] 安其美,丁立丰,王海忠等.龙门山断裂带的性质与活动性研究.大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(2) :115～119 An Q M,Ding L F,Wang H Z,et al.Research of property and activity of Longmen mountain fault zone.Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics(in Chinese),2004,24(2) :115～ 119
[16] Crampin S,Atkinson B K.Microcracks in the earth's crust.First Break ,1985,3(3) :16～20
[17] Crampin S.A review of shear-wave splitting in the compliant crack critical anisotropic earth.Wave Motion,2005,41 :59～77
[18] 高原,刘希强,梁维等.剪切波系统分裂方法(SAM)软件系统.中国地震,2004,20(1) :101～107 Gao Y,Liu X Q,Liang W,et al.Systematic analysis method of shear wave splitting:SAM software system.Earthquake Research in China(in Chinese),2004,20(1) :101～107
[19] 高 原,郑斯华.唐山地区剪切波分裂研究(Ⅱ)--相关函数分析法.中国地震,1994,10(增刊):11～21 Gao Y,Zheng S H.On shear wave splitting in Tangshan region(Ⅱ)-Correlation Function Analysis Method.Earthquake Research in China(in Chinese),1994,10(Suppl.):11～21
[20] 高原,石玉涛,梁 维等.剪切波分裂分析系统SAM(2007) --软件系统.中国地震,2008,24(4) :345～353 Gao Y,Shi Y T,Liang W,et al.Systematic analysis method of shear wave splitting SAM(2007) :software system.Earthquake Research in China(in Chinese),2008,24(4) :345～353
[21] 石玉涛,高原,吴晶等.剪切波分裂分析系统SAM(2007) --区域地震台网资料应用实例.中国地震,2008,24(4) :354～361 Shi Y T,Gao Y,Wu J,et al.Systematic analysis method of shear-wave splitting SAM(2007) :examples of application in the regional seismograph networks.Earthquake Research in China(in Chinese),2008,24(4) :354～361
[22] 高原,郑斯华,王培德.海南省东方地区1 992年小震群剪切波分裂研究.地球物理学报,1996,39(2) :221～232 Gao Y,Zheng S H,Wang P D.Shear wave splitting of small earthquakes in 1992 in Hainan Dongfang area.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1996,39(2) :221～232
[23] 石玉涛,高原,吴 晶等.云南地区地壳介质各向异性--快剪切波偏振特性.地震学报,2006,28(6) :574～585 Shi Y T,Gao Y,Wu J,et al.Seismic anisotropy in crust in Yunnan preliminary study on polarization of fast shear wave.Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),2006,28(6) :574～585
[24] 吴晶,高原,陈运泰等.首都圈西北部地区地壳介质地震各向异性特征初步研究.地球物理学报,2007,50(1) :209～220 Wu J,Gao Y,Chen Y T,et al.Seismic anisotropy in the crust in northwestern capital area of China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(1) :209～220
[25] Crampin S,Volti T,Stefansson R.A successfully stress forecast earthquake.Geophys.J.Int.,1999,138 :FI～F5
[26] 张尉,戴恒昌,李向阳等.水库气枪震源产生的S波及其分裂.地震地质,2009,31(1) :22～33 Zhang W,Dai H C,Li X Y,et al.Shear wave generated by airguns in a reservoir and its splitting.Seismology and Geology(in Chinese),2009,31(1) :22～33
[27] Waldhauser F.HypeDD-A program to compute double difference hypocenter locations.US Geological Survey Open-File Report,2001． 113
[28] 赵珠,范军,郑斯华等.龙门山断裂带地壳速度结构和震源位置的精确修定.地震学报,1997,19(6) :615～622 Zhao Z,Fan J,Zheng S H,et al.Precision determination of the crustal structure and hypocentral locations in the Longmenshan thrust nappe belt.Acta Seismologica Sinica(in Chinese),1997,19(6) :615～622
[29] Gao Y,Crampin S.A further stress forecast earthquake(with hindsight),where migration of source earthquakes causes anomalies in shear-wave polarizations.Tectonophysics,2006,426:253～262
[30] Davis J C.Statistics and Data Analysis in Geology.Hoboken N J:John Wiley,1986． 649
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