巨厚岩层稳定性与冲击地压防治关系研究
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摘要
针对具有巨厚岩层的冲击地压矿井,巨厚岩层作为矿井覆岩的主关键层,其稳定性关系到整个采场的安全。结合多年研究的工程案例,数值模拟分析了巨厚岩层在开采中的稳定阶段,重点研究其稳定前后冲击地压的发生机理,将此地层条件下的冲击地压防治分为2种形式:巨厚岩层稳定环境下,开采范围的增大造成巨厚岩层承受载荷转移,导致采场围岩形成高静应力引发自发型冲击地压;巨厚岩层失稳后产生的强动载部分传递至采场与静应力叠加,造成围岩应力突变而引发矿震诱发型冲击地压。在巨厚岩层稳定前后应用高精度微震监测系统,动态判断顶板活动范围及巨厚岩层稳定发展趋势;同时在临场应用应力在线监测预警系统实时分析采场围岩应力场变化范围和发展趋势,并对危险区进行实时预警。
Aiming at rock burst coal mines which have extra-thick rock stratum,the extra-thick rock stratum is considered as the main key stratum of overlying strata,its stability is related to the safety of the whole stope. Combined with the engineering cases of years of research,the steady stage of extra-thick rock stratum mining is analyzed by numerical simulation,focuses on the occurrence mechanism of rock burst before and after stability. Under the geological conditions,the rock burst control can be divided into two ways.Firstly,under the stable extra-thick rock stratum environment,the increase of mining area causes the load on extra-thick rock stratum transfer,it leads to the high static stress formation of surrounding rock and triggers the spontaneous rock burst; secondly,the instability of extra-thick rock stratum leads to the superposition of strong dynamic load transferring to stope and static stress,then gives rise to the surrounding rock stress mutation which causes the mine earthquake induced rock burst. Before and after the stability of extra-thick rock stratum,the high-precision microseismic monitoring system is used to judge the roof movement scope and development trend of the extra-thick rock stratum stability. At the same time,the online stress monitoring and early warning system is adopted to carry out real-time analysis for the variation range and development trends of surrounding rock stress as well as the real-time warning for danger area.
引文
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