超弹性NiTi形状记忆合金棒力学性能研究
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摘要
研制了具有2种化学成分的超弹性NiTi形状记忆合金(NiTi SMA)圆截面棒材,并对其进行了力学性能试验研究,分析了应变幅值、加载速率对2种SMA棒的应力-应变曲线以及等效刚度、单位循环耗能、等效阻尼比和残余应变等力学性能参数的影响。通过有限元软件对SMA棒的力学性能进行了数值模拟,并对比了有限元模拟结果与试验结果。结果表明:超弹性SMA棒可提供较大的输出力和良好的复位性能,适合作为复位部件及辅助耗能部件用于工程结构的减振控制;数值模拟结果和试验结果吻合较好,采用有限元方法可较为准确地模拟超弹性SMA棒的力学性能。
NiTi superelastic shape memory alloy(SMA)circular section bars with two types of chemical compositions were developed,and the mechanical performance tests were carried out.The influences of strain amplitude,loading rate on the stress-strain curve and the performance parameters such as equivalent stiffness,energy dissipation per cycle,equivalent damping ratio and residual strain of the two SMA bars were analyzed.The mechanical performance of SMA bars was simulated by finite element software,and the simulated results were compared with the test results.The results indicate that the developed superelastic SMA bars are suitable for the recentring and supplementary energy dissipation components in seismic control due to their large output force and excellent superelastic effect.The numerical results agree well with the test results,and the finite element method can accurately simulate the mechanical performance of SMA bars.
NiTi superelastic shape memory alloy(SMA)circular section bars with two types of chemical compositions were developed,and the mechanical performance tests were carried out.The influences of strain amplitude,loading rate on the stress-strain curve and the performance parameters such as equivalent stiffness,energy dissipation per cycle,equivalent damping ratio and residual strain of the two SMA bars were analyzed.The mechanical performance of SMA bars was simulated by finite element software,and the simulated results were compared with the test results.The results indicate that the developed superelastic SMA bars are suitable for the recentring and supplementary energy dissipation components in seismic control due to their large output force and excellent superelastic effect.The numerical results agree well with the test results,and the finite element method can accurately simulate the mechanical performance of SMA bars.
引文
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[14]BHUIYAN A,ALAM M.Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of a Multi-span Continuous Highway Bridge Fitted with Shape Memory Alloy Bars and Laminated Rubber Bearing[J].Earthquake Spectra,2012,28(4):1379-1404.
[15]陈鑫,李爱群,丁幼亮,等.空间网架结构形状记忆合金隔震研究[J].工程力学,2010,27(9):86-93,101.CHEN Xin,LI Ai-qun,DING You-liang,et al.Study on Isolation of Space Grid Structure Using Shape Memory Alloy[J].Engineering Mechanics,2010,27(9):86-93,101.
[16]何小辉.钢框架新型耗能梁柱节点滞回性能的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2012.HE Xiao-hui.Hysteretic Behavior of New Energy-dissipated Beam-to-column Connections in Steel Frame[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2012.
[17]DESROCHES R,MCCORMICK J,DELEMONT M.Cyclic Properties of Superelastic Shape Memory Alloy Wires and Bars[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2004,130(1):38-46.
[18]商泽进,王忠民,尹冠生,等.超弹性TiNi形状记忆合金棒材力学行为[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2009,38(3):460-464.SHANG Ze-jin,WANG Zhong-min,YIN Guan-sheng,et al.An Experimental Study on the Mechanical Behavior of Superelastic TiNi Shape Memory Alloy Bars[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2009,38(3):460-464.
[19]任文杰,王利强,贾俊森,等.超弹性形状记忆合金棒力学性能的实验研究[J].功能材料,2013,44(2):258-261.REN Wen-jie,WANG Li-qiang,JIA Jun-sen,et al.Experimental Study on Mechanical Behavior of Superelastic Shape Memory Alloy Bar[J].Journal of Functional Materials,2013,44(2):258-261.
[20]李敏,李宏男.建筑钢筋动态试验及本构模型[J].土木工程学报,2010,43(4):70-75.LI Min,LI Hong-nan.Dynamic Test and Constitutive Model for Reinforcing Steel[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2010,43(4):70-75.
[2]GRAESSER E,COZZARELLI F.Shape Memory Alloys as New Materials for Aseismic Isolation[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1991,117(11):2590-2608.
[3]DOLCE M,CARDONE D,MARNETTO R.Implementation and Testing of Passive Control Devices Based on Shape Memory Alloys[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2000,29(7):945-968.
[4]DOLCE M,CARDONE D,PONZO F,et al.Shaking Table Tests on Reinforced Concrete Frames Without and with Passive Control Systems[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2005,34(14):1687-1717.
[5]OZBULUT O,HURLEBAUS S.Optimal Design of Superelastic-friction Base Isolators for Seismic Protection of Highway Bridges Against Near-field Earthquakes[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2011,40(3):273-291.
[6]李忠献,陈海泉,刘建涛.应用SMA复合橡胶支座的桥梁隔震[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(2):143-148.LI Zhong-xian,CHEN Hai-quan,LIU Jian-tao.Bridge Isolation with SMA-composite Rubber Bearing[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2002,22(2):143-148.
[7]李惠,毛晨曦.新型SMA耗能器及结构地震反应控制试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003,23(1):133-139.LI Hui,MAO Chen-xi.Experimental Investigation of Earthquake Response Reduction of Buildings with Added Two Types of SMA Passive Energy Dissipation Devices[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2003,23(1):133-139.
[8]左晓宝,李爱群,黄镇,等.超弹性SMA复合阻尼器的计算模型及参数分析[J].振动工程学报,2005,18(2):161-166.ZUO Xiao-bao,LI Ai-qun,HUANG Zhen,et al.Mechanical Model and Parameter Analysis of Superelastic SMA Compound Damper[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2005,18(2):161-166.
[9]薛素铎,董军辉,卞晓芳,等.一种新型形状记忆合金阻尼器[J].建筑结构学报,2005,26(3):45-50.XUE Su-duo,DONG Jun-hui,BIAN Xiao-fang,et al.A New Type of Shape Memory Alloy Damper[J].Journal of Building Structures,2005,26(3):45-50.
[10]王社良,赵祥,朱军强,等.含形状记忆合金自复位阻尼器隔震结构的地震反应分析[J].建筑结构学报,2006,27(5):110-117.WANG She-liang,ZHAO Xiang,ZHU Jun-qiang,et al.Earthquake Response Analysis of Isolated Structure with Shape Memory Alloy Re-centering Dampers[J].Journal of Building Structures,2006,27(5):110-117.
[11]钱辉,李宏男,任文杰,等.形状记忆合金复合摩擦阻尼器设计及试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2011,32(9):58-64.QIAN Hui,LI Hong-nan,REN Wen-jie,et al.Experimental Investigation of an Innovative Hybrid Shape Memory Alloys Friction Damper[J].Journal of Building Structures,2011,32(9):58-64.
[12]任文杰,李宏男,宋钢兵,等.新型自复位SMA阻尼器对框架结构减震控制的研究[J].土木工程学报,2013,46(6):14-20.REN Wen-jie,LI Hong-nan,SONG Gang-bing,et al.Study on Seismic Response Control of Frame Structure Using Innovative Re-centering SMA Damper[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2013,46(6):14-20.
[13]余志刚,韩西,钟厉,等.预应变影响下形状记忆合金约束混凝土圆柱体轴压试验[J].中国公路学报,2013,26(3):124-129.YU Zhi-gang,HAN Xi,ZHONG Li,et al.Axial Compression Experiment on Concrete Circular Columns Confined with Shape Memory Alloy Under Influence of Pre-strain Conditions[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2013,26(3):124-129.
[14]BHUIYAN A,ALAM M.Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of a Multi-span Continuous Highway Bridge Fitted with Shape Memory Alloy Bars and Laminated Rubber Bearing[J].Earthquake Spectra,2012,28(4):1379-1404.
[15]陈鑫,李爱群,丁幼亮,等.空间网架结构形状记忆合金隔震研究[J].工程力学,2010,27(9):86-93,101.CHEN Xin,LI Ai-qun,DING You-liang,et al.Study on Isolation of Space Grid Structure Using Shape Memory Alloy[J].Engineering Mechanics,2010,27(9):86-93,101.
[16]何小辉.钢框架新型耗能梁柱节点滞回性能的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2012.HE Xiao-hui.Hysteretic Behavior of New Energy-dissipated Beam-to-column Connections in Steel Frame[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2012.
[17]DESROCHES R,MCCORMICK J,DELEMONT M.Cyclic Properties of Superelastic Shape Memory Alloy Wires and Bars[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2004,130(1):38-46.
[18]商泽进,王忠民,尹冠生,等.超弹性TiNi形状记忆合金棒材力学行为[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2009,38(3):460-464.SHANG Ze-jin,WANG Zhong-min,YIN Guan-sheng,et al.An Experimental Study on the Mechanical Behavior of Superelastic TiNi Shape Memory Alloy Bars[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2009,38(3):460-464.
[19]任文杰,王利强,贾俊森,等.超弹性形状记忆合金棒力学性能的实验研究[J].功能材料,2013,44(2):258-261.REN Wen-jie,WANG Li-qiang,JIA Jun-sen,et al.Experimental Study on Mechanical Behavior of Superelastic Shape Memory Alloy Bar[J].Journal of Functional Materials,2013,44(2):258-261.
[20]李敏,李宏男.建筑钢筋动态试验及本构模型[J].土木工程学报,2010,43(4):70-75.LI Min,LI Hong-nan.Dynamic Test and Constitutive Model for Reinforcing Steel[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2010,43(4):70-75.
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