海底电缆交叉鬼波化双检合并技术改进及应用
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摘要
双检合并技术在海底电缆地震资料处理中被广泛应用,可衰减电缆鬼波的影响。传统方式以水、陆检记录的波场记录相同为假设,电缆鬼波压制效果差,合并效果并不理想。在分析交叉鬼波化双检合并技术基本原理的基础上,综合利用水检资料与陆检鬼波褶积的结果和陆检资料与水检鬼波褶积的结果求取刻度算子,同时在地震资料处理中利用陆检资料标定水检资料,从而优化了交叉鬼波化双检合并技术。实际资料处理结果表明,改进后的技术可有效衰减电缆鬼波,分离出上行波场,大幅度拓宽地震资料频带,提高地震资料分辨率,从而提供更丰富的构造细节信息。
The dual-sensor summation technique is widely used in processing seismic data from ocean bottom cables(OBC),because it can attenuate the ghosting impact.In the conventional approaches,however,there is an assumption that the geophone and hydrophone are equal in seismic record,which has led to poor attenuation of ghosting and not ideal effect of dual-sensor summation.Based on analyzing the fundamentals of the dualsensor summation technique for cross-ghosting,the convolution results between the hydrophone data and the geophone ghost and between the geophone data and the hydrophone ghost were simultaneously used to acquire a calibration factor,and the geophone data was used to calibrate the hydrophone data when processing seismic data,by which the dual-sensor summation technique for cross-ghosting from OBC can be optimized.According to the results from processing actual seismic data,the improved technique can effectively attenuate the ghosting impact,separate the up-going wave,greatly widen the frequency band,improve the seismic resolution and provide more abundant information of structural details.
The dual-sensor summation technique is widely used in processing seismic data from ocean bottom cables(OBC),because it can attenuate the ghosting impact.In the conventional approaches,however,there is an assumption that the geophone and hydrophone are equal in seismic record,which has led to poor attenuation of ghosting and not ideal effect of dual-sensor summation.Based on analyzing the fundamentals of the dualsensor summation technique for cross-ghosting,the convolution results between the hydrophone data and the geophone ghost and between the geophone data and the hydrophone ghost were simultaneously used to acquire a calibration factor,and the geophone data was used to calibrate the hydrophone data when processing seismic data,by which the dual-sensor summation technique for cross-ghosting from OBC can be optimized.According to the results from processing actual seismic data,the improved technique can effectively attenuate the ghosting impact,separate the up-going wave,greatly widen the frequency band,improve the seismic resolution and provide more abundant information of structural details.
引文
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[2]安有利,姜瑞林.海底电缆地震采集系统的施工方法及优势[J].石油物探,1998,37(3):92-99.An Youli,Jiang Ruilin.The method and advantage of OBC seismic acquisition[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,1998,37(3):92-99.
[3]龚旭东,张建峰,王志亮,等.8L4S176T观测系统在渤海CF区块海底电缆地震采集中的应用[J].中国海上油气,2012,24(2):27-31.Gong Xudong,Zhang Jianfeng,Wang Zhiliang,et al.An application of 8L4S176T observation system to seismic acquisition of ocean-bottom cable in CF block,Bohai sea[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2012,24(2):27-31.
[4]周建新,姚姚.双检波器压制海上鸣震[J].中国海上油气(地质),1999,13(5):359-362.Zhou Jianxin,Yao Yao.Dual-detector to suppress the sea reverberation[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology),1999,13(5):359-362.
[5]全海燕.海底电缆双检接收技术压制水柱混响[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(1):7-12.Quan Haiyan.The submarine cable double-sensors technology to suppress the water column reverberation[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2005,40(1):7-12.
[6]王振华,夏庆龙,田立新,等.消除海底电缆双检地震资料中的鸣震干扰[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(6):626-635.Wang Zhenhua,Xia Qinglong,Tian Lixin,et al.Eliminate the reverberation of OBC dual sensor seismic data[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2008,43(6):626-635.
[7]BARR F J,SANDERS J I.Attenuation of watercolumn reverberations using pressure and velocity detectors in a water-bottom cable[J].Expanded Abstracts of 59th Annual Internat SEG Mtg,1989:653-656.
[8]DRAGOSET B,BARR F J.Ocean-bottom cable dual-sensor scaling[J].Expanded Abstracts of 64th Annual Internat SEG Mtg,1994:857-860.
[9]SOUBARAS R.Ocean-bottom hydrophone and geophone processing[J].Expanded Abstracts of 66th Annual Internat SEG Mtg,1996:24-27.
[10]龚旭东,周滨,高梦晗,等.复杂过渡带海底电缆地震资料处理难点及关键技术:以渤海CF过渡带勘探区块为例[J].中国海上油气,2014,26(1):49-53.Gong Xudong,Zhou Bin,Gao Menghan,et al.Processing difficulties and key techniques of OBC seismic data in complex transitional zones:a case of the exploration block in CF transitional zone,Bohai water[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2014,26(1):49-53.
[11]AMUNDSEN L.Elimination of free-surface related multiples without need of a source wavelet[J].Geophysics,2001,66:327-341.
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