结构损伤识别中乐音准则的应用及数学表达方法
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摘要
为进一步明确乐音准则法的适用范围并提出相对应的量化的判伤标准,提高其应用性,选取了钢杆、钢框架及两组钢壳体模型进行了损伤识别实验,并综合其他符合乐音特征结构的频谱信息进行分析。结果表明:乐音准则法在判别构造简单、均匀规整的杆、索、板、壳类结构的损伤时有效;其频谱分布规律为各个谱线呈"梳齿状"展布,清晰有序,各阶频率按照一定规律分布;可以通过将各阶频率对应其模态阶数作为散点来拟合直线或者对数(指数)曲线的方法来判别损伤,将这种分布规律称为乐音准则法的数学表达。并由此提出乐音准则法的判伤步骤,该方法优点在于可以在没有完好结构作为损伤判别指标时进行损伤识别。
In order to consider the application range of the musical tone law methods and get the corresponding index to identify the existence of damage in structure,model tests of steel pipes,steel shells and a three-storey steel frame structure were performed. And the frequency spectra of other structures,in which the vibration rules obey the musical tone law was also outlined. The analysis results show that the musical tone law was effective for symmetrical structures in structural damage detection,such as,plates,cable structure,shell structure and beam. And the spectrum distribution rule of intact structure is also proved. The spectral lines are distributed like comb teeth according to certain laws. The damage can be identified by the exponential or logarithmic function curves of the structural spectrum. In this thesis,the mathematical expressions of musical tone law and steps using the method for structural damage detection is proposed. The merit of the method is that it can be used for damage detection without an intact structure as a criterion.
In order to consider the application range of the musical tone law methods and get the corresponding index to identify the existence of damage in structure,model tests of steel pipes,steel shells and a three-storey steel frame structure were performed. And the frequency spectra of other structures,in which the vibration rules obey the musical tone law was also outlined. The analysis results show that the musical tone law was effective for symmetrical structures in structural damage detection,such as,plates,cable structure,shell structure and beam. And the spectrum distribution rule of intact structure is also proved. The spectral lines are distributed like comb teeth according to certain laws. The damage can be identified by the exponential or logarithmic function curves of the structural spectrum. In this thesis,the mathematical expressions of musical tone law and steps using the method for structural damage detection is proposed. The merit of the method is that it can be used for damage detection without an intact structure as a criterion.
引文
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[2]Guo X,Spencer B F,Lu S N,Application of the clan member signal method in structural damage detection[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2007,Vol.6,No.1:29-34.
[3]刘红彪,郭迅,等.乐音准则法及其在结构损伤诊断中的应用研究[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(10):255-259.LIU Hongbiao,GUO Xun,et al.Musical tone law method and Its application in structural damage detection[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2011,30(10):255-259.(in Chinese)
[4]刘红彪.声波的物理基础及其在结构损伤诊断中的应用研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2005.LIU Hongbiao.The physical meaning of sound wave and its application in structural damage detection[D].Harbin:Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration,2005.(in Chinese)
[5]Croxford A J,Wilcox P D,Drinkwater B W,et al.Strategies for guided-wave structural health monitoring[J].Proceedings of the Royal Society aMathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences,2007,463(2087):2961-2981.
[6]黄勇.直管损伤识别若干问题的研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2008.HUANG Yong.Some problems of damage identification for straight pipes[D].Harbin:Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration,2008.(in Chinese)
[7]廖振鹏.工程波动理论导论[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.LIAO Zhenpeng.Introduction to wave motion theories in engineering[M].Beijing:Science Press,2002.(in Chinese)
[8]王礼立.应力波基础[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2005.WANG Lili.Foundation of Stress Wave[M].Beijing:National defence of Industry Press,2005.(in Chinese)
[9]杨伟松.典型结构模态精确测试及损伤识别方法研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2012.YANG Weisong.Study on accurate modes identification of a typical structure and its damage detection[D].Harbin:Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration,2012.(in Chinese)
[10]沈世钊.大跨空间结构的发展—回顾与展望[J].土木工程学报,1998,31(3):5-15.SHEN Shizhao.Development of long-span structures—a review and prospect[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,1998,31(3):5-15.(in Chinese)
[11]Pilkey W D.O H.,Mechanics of solids[M].New York:Quantum Publisgers,1974.
[12]Zui H,Shinke T,Namita Y.Practical formulas for estmiation of cable tension by vibration method[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,1996,122(6):651-656.
[13]任伟新,陈刚.由基频计算拉索拉力的实用公式[J].土木工程学报,2005,38(11):26-31.REN Weixin,CHEN Gang.Practical formulas to determine cable tension by using cable fundamental frequency[J].China Civil Engineering Journal 2005,38(11):26-31.(in Chinese)
[14]Mehrabi A B,Tabatabai H.Unified finite difference formulation for free vibration of cables[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,1998,124(11):1313-1322.
[15]冉志红,李乔.斜拉索非线性振动的奇异摄动解法[J].西南交通大学学报,2006,41(3):355-359.RAN Zhihong,LI Qiao.Singular perturbationmethod for solving non-linear vibration of inclined cables[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2006,41(3):355-359.(in Chinese)
[16]张清华,冉志红,等.拉索非线性振动问题求解及参数识别方法研究[J].土木工程学报,2009,42(6):86-92.ZHANG Qinghua,RAN Zhihong,et al.Theory and parameter estimation for nonlinear vibration of cables[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2009,42(6):86-92.(in Chinese)
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