日本3·11特大地震的GPS震时和震后响应
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摘要
借助PPP软件,利用位于日本及周边国家的IGS跟踪站和国家海洋局GPS业务观测站数据,提取2011年3月11日日本里氏9.0级特大地震的震时、震后地表震动信息和水汽信息。首先采用动态PPP方法得到GPS站点的震时水平运动轨迹、震时三维坐标时间序列以及站点上空大气可降水量的动态变化;然后采用静态PPP方法得到GPS站点震前和震后的单天解坐标。通过对计算结果进行分析和比较,揭示了GPS站点的震时地表三维形变过程和震后地表永久性形变,验证了日本震后灾区的降雪过程,为GPS技术用于地震监测和灾害预警提供有价值的基础资料。
A massive Ms 9.0 earthquake occurred on 11 March 2011,off the Pacific coast of the northeastern part of the Japanese main land.In this paper,using developed PPP software,the co-seismic and post-seismic surface movement information and precipitable water vapor were extracted from IGS stations data located in Japan and the surrounding countries and State Oceanic Administration operational GNSS stations data.First,the co-seismic horizontal motion trajectory,three-dimensional coordinate time series and the dynamic changes of precipitable water vapor in the zenith direction for GPS sites were achieved using kinematic PPP.Then,using static PPP,this paper obtained the pre-seismic and post-seismic three-dimensional coordinate in 24-hours solution of GPS sites.Based on the calculating results,this paper reveals the co-seismic surface movement process and post-seismic permanent deformation of GPS sites,and verifies the snowfall process in Japan disaster area.These measurements are therefore of high value for earthquake monitoring and disaster warning using GPS technology.
A massive Ms 9.0 earthquake occurred on 11 March 2011,off the Pacific coast of the northeastern part of the Japanese main land.In this paper,using developed PPP software,the co-seismic and post-seismic surface movement information and precipitable water vapor were extracted from IGS stations data located in Japan and the surrounding countries and State Oceanic Administration operational GNSS stations data.First,the co-seismic horizontal motion trajectory,three-dimensional coordinate time series and the dynamic changes of precipitable water vapor in the zenith direction for GPS sites were achieved using kinematic PPP.Then,using static PPP,this paper obtained the pre-seismic and post-seismic three-dimensional coordinate in 24-hours solution of GPS sites.Based on the calculating results,this paper reveals the co-seismic surface movement process and post-seismic permanent deformation of GPS sites,and verifies the snowfall process in Japan disaster area.These measurements are therefore of high value for earthquake monitoring and disaster warning using GPS technology.
引文
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[2]冯义楷,刘焱雄,高兴国,等.国家海洋局GNSS业务化系统的设计与实现[C].CPGPS 2009卫星导航定位技术论坛,北京,2009
[3]国家重大科学工程“中国地壳运动观测网络”项目组.GPS测定的2008年汶川Ms 8.0级地震的同震位移场[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,2008,38(10):1 195-1 206
[4]殷海涛,张培震,甘卫军,等.高频GPS测定的汶川Ms 8.0级地震震时近场地表变形过程[J].科学通报,2010,55(26):2 621-2 626
[5]熊永良,黄丁发,徐韶光,等.长距离动态GPS数据处理方法与汶川地震引起的动态地壳形变特征分析[J].武汉大学学报.信息科学版,2010,35(3):265-269
[6]方荣新,施闯,辜声峰.基于PPP动态定位技术的同震地表形变分析[J].武汉大学学报.信息科学版,2009,34(11):1 340-1 343
[7]耿涛,赵齐乐,刘经南,等.基于PANDA软件的实时精密单点定位研究[J].武汉大学学报.信息科学版,2007,32(4):312-315
[8]符睿,段旭,刘建宇,等.云南地基GPS观测大气可降水量变化特征[J].气象科技,2010,38(4):456-462
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