汶川8.0级地震路堑墙震害特征及机理分析
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摘要
通过对2005年竣工的都江堰至映秀的三级公路的调查,分析了路堑墙的汶川8.0级地震震害模式;以浆砌片石典型解体崩毁工点为例,将基于抗震设计规范的验算与实震情况比较,认为现行抗震规范是按照刚性挡土墙进行设计的,对于"柔性挡土墙"并不完全适用;通过拟静力法进行计算认为墙后坡度越大,挡墙稳定性越差,未超过一定坡度时主动土压力系数增长缓慢,当超过一定坡度时,主动土压力系数急剧增长。
Based on a survey of the third-grade highway from Dujiangyan to Yingxiu built in 2005,the seismic failure types and causes of cutting retaining wall in the Wenchuan earthquake are summarized and analyzed.Taking the typical mortar flagstone site of disintegration and demise as an example,by comparative analysis of the code checking and the real seismic resistance behavior,it is thought that the current seismic design codes are designed in compliance with rigid retaining wall.The codes are not completely suitable for"flexible retaining wall".The calculation by use of traditional quasistatic analytical method shows that a steeper pitch behind the retaining wall entails a worse stability.When it is not more than 25°,coefficient of active earth pressure increases slowly.Once exceed,it will be a sharp increase.
Based on a survey of the third-grade highway from Dujiangyan to Yingxiu built in 2005,the seismic failure types and causes of cutting retaining wall in the Wenchuan earthquake are summarized and analyzed.Taking the typical mortar flagstone site of disintegration and demise as an example,by comparative analysis of the code checking and the real seismic resistance behavior,it is thought that the current seismic design codes are designed in compliance with rigid retaining wall.The codes are not completely suitable for"flexible retaining wall".The calculation by use of traditional quasistatic analytical method shows that a steeper pitch behind the retaining wall entails a worse stability.When it is not more than 25°,coefficient of active earth pressure increases slowly.Once exceed,it will be a sharp increase.
引文
[1]《汶川地震灾害地图集》编纂委员会.汶川地震灾害地图集[M].成都:成都地图出版社,2008.
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[2]冯俊德,姚令侃,王智猛.汶川地震强震区路基工程震害模式与分析[C]//汶川大地震工程震害调查分析与研究.北京:科学出版社,2009:630-637.
[3]姚令侃,冯德俊,杨明.汶川地震路基震害分析及对抗震规范改进的启示[J].西南交通大学学报,2009,44(3):301-311.
[4]姚令侃,陈强.5.12汶川地震对线路工程抗震技术提出的新课题[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2009,41(3):43-50.
[5]雷建成,高孟潭,俞言祥.四川及邻区地震动衰减关系[J].地震学报,2007,29(5):500-511.
[6]中交第二公路勘察设计研究院.JTGD30-2004公路路基设计规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2004.
[7]交通部公路规划设计院.JTJ004-89公路工程抗震设计规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,1990.
[8]陈忠达.公路挡土墙设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1999.
[9]铁道部第一勘察设计院.GB 50111-2006铁路工程抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2006.
[10]交通部第二公路勘察设计院.公路设计手册路基[S].2版.北京:人民交通出版社,2001.
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