北黄海海域复杂构造区三维地震精细解释技术
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摘要
研究工区位于北黄海海域陆相断陷沉积盆地内,该区多期构造运动叠加,断裂发育,地震资料品质差。中生代为其主要勘探目的层,为一已证实的含油气区域。结合本区地质特点,对该区进行三维地震解释时所采用的综合解释技术进行了总结,主要包括三维地震资料品质分级评价技术、无VSP井区空间层位标定技术、层位自动追踪技术、三维可视化解释、多属性体断裂解释技术和变速成图技术等实用的解释技术。多种解释手段的联合应用高质高速地完成了本复杂构造区的构造精细解释,完善了该区的解释方案,理顺了复杂断层的切割关系,识别了活动较弱的小断层。特别是对高精度三维速度场的建立,实现了变速成图,消除了高陡构造区速度陷阱所带来的构造假象,为对该复杂区的地震解释和圈闭形态的落实以及进一步的井位部署与地质评价提供了依据。
The study area is located in the North Yellow Sea Basin,an oil-bearing basin with main exploration target in the Mesozoic confirmed by previous work.The faulted basin is filled with clastic deposits and has experienced multi-phases of tectonic movement.There occurs a complex fault system,which leads to the poor quality of seismic data.Based on the geological features of the area,the paper made a summary of the comprehensive 3d fine seismic interpretation technology,including the multi-level quality evaluation technology for 3d seismic data,space horizon calibration technology for none-VSP area,horizon auto-tracking technology,3d visualization interpretation technology,multi-attribute-cubes interpretation technology and velocity variable mapping technology.Integrated application of this interpretation technology made us effectively completed structural interpretation of this complex structural area.Results proved the success of interpretation technology.Small faults were recognized and fault combinations optimized.Especially,velocity variable mapping is achieved after the establishment of a 3d velocity field,which could eliminate the false structural interpretation caused by velocity trap in steep area.This integrated new technology provided better basis for identification of traps,design of exploration wells and geological evaluation of a complex area.
The study area is located in the North Yellow Sea Basin,an oil-bearing basin with main exploration target in the Mesozoic confirmed by previous work.The faulted basin is filled with clastic deposits and has experienced multi-phases of tectonic movement.There occurs a complex fault system,which leads to the poor quality of seismic data.Based on the geological features of the area,the paper made a summary of the comprehensive 3d fine seismic interpretation technology,including the multi-level quality evaluation technology for 3d seismic data,space horizon calibration technology for none-VSP area,horizon auto-tracking technology,3d visualization interpretation technology,multi-attribute-cubes interpretation technology and velocity variable mapping technology.Integrated application of this interpretation technology made us effectively completed structural interpretation of this complex structural area.Results proved the success of interpretation technology.Small faults were recognized and fault combinations optimized.Especially,velocity variable mapping is achieved after the establishment of a 3d velocity field,which could eliminate the false structural interpretation caused by velocity trap in steep area.This integrated new technology provided better basis for identification of traps,design of exploration wells and geological evaluation of a complex area.
引文
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[10]袁书坤,王英民,刘振湖,等.北黄海盆地东部坳陷不整合类型及油气成藏模式[J].石油勘探与开发,2010,37(6):663-667.
[11]张金淼,胡孝林,张丽焕.三维可视化技术与油气藏综合评价[J].中国海上油气(地质),2001,15(5):356-360.
[12]陈雪芳,刘道理,杨亚娟.地震地质综合解释技术在目标区评价中的应用[J].石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报),2011,33(12):79-82.
[13]李勤英,杨茜,刘忠亮.地震属性在高精度三维地震解释中的应用[J].断块油气田,2009,16(4):57-59.
[14]郭超,焦健.声速测井与VSP速度对比研究[J].西安文理学院学报(自然科学版),2011,14(2):86-88.
[15]贾义蓉,贺振华,石兰亭,等.变速三维地震速度场的构建与应用[J].物探化探计算技术,2011,33(3):243-247.
[16]孙海福.速度场建场方法在渤海湾某工区的应用研究[J].长江大学学报(自然科学版),2011,8(4):45-47.
[2]戴春山,李刚,蔡峰,等.黄海前第三系及油气勘探方向[J].中国海上油气(地质),2003,17(4):225-231.
[3]陈玲,白志琳,李文勇.北黄海盆地中新生代沉积坳陷特征及其油气勘探方向[J].石油物探,2006,45(3):319-323.
[4]翟光明,龚再升,王善书,等.沿海大陆架及毗邻海域油气区[M]∥中国石油地质志(卷16).北京:石油工业出版社,1999:301-383.
[5]蔡乾忠.横贯黄海的中朝造山带与北、南黄海成盆成烃关系[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(2):185-192.
[6]何将启,梁世友,赵永强,等.北黄海盆地地质构造特征及其在油气勘探中的意义[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2007,27(4):102-105.
[7]李文勇,李东旭,夏斌,等.北黄海盆地构造演化特征分析[J].现代地质,2006,20(2):268-276.
[8]田振兴,张训华,薛荣俊.北黄海盆地区域地质特征[J].海洋地质动态,2002,20(2):8-10.
[9]肖国林,孙长虹,郑浚茂.北黄海盆地东部前中生界基底特征[J].现代地质,2005,19(2):261-266.
[10]袁书坤,王英民,刘振湖,等.北黄海盆地东部坳陷不整合类型及油气成藏模式[J].石油勘探与开发,2010,37(6):663-667.
[11]张金淼,胡孝林,张丽焕.三维可视化技术与油气藏综合评价[J].中国海上油气(地质),2001,15(5):356-360.
[12]陈雪芳,刘道理,杨亚娟.地震地质综合解释技术在目标区评价中的应用[J].石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报),2011,33(12):79-82.
[13]李勤英,杨茜,刘忠亮.地震属性在高精度三维地震解释中的应用[J].断块油气田,2009,16(4):57-59.
[14]郭超,焦健.声速测井与VSP速度对比研究[J].西安文理学院学报(自然科学版),2011,14(2):86-88.
[15]贾义蓉,贺振华,石兰亭,等.变速三维地震速度场的构建与应用[J].物探化探计算技术,2011,33(3):243-247.
[16]孙海福.速度场建场方法在渤海湾某工区的应用研究[J].长江大学学报(自然科学版),2011,8(4):45-47.
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