2009年青海海西地震序列的潜热通量异常时空特征
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摘要
采用美国国家环境预报中心(NCEP)的地表潜热通量资料,对2009年8月28日青海海西6.4级地震及其余震前的潜热变化过程进行分析发现,①主震前6d,震中附近开始出现潜热异常,然后异常幅度增强、面积扩大,并向震中迁移;②余震前也出现了明显的潜热异常,但其时空演化过程不同于主震前的潜热异常;③潜热异常位置与震中具有良好的空间对应关系,其中都兰余震前的潜热异常位置与震中位置重合。本案例分析表明,震前地表潜热异常应是地震孕育尤其是临震过程的一种典型的岩石圈-盖层-大气耦合(LCA)效应,进一步的研究有望揭示特定地震区震前及余震序列的潜热通量异常规律,有益于地震监测预报研究与防灾减灾。
Remote sensing technology can be used to obtain accurately the variation of Surface Latent Heat Flux (SLHF),therefore,can serve as a means for long-term monitoring of SLHF for tectonic activities and earthquakes (EQ).In this paper,the SLHF data from NCEP are used to analyze the variation of latent heat before Qinghai Haixi Ms 6.4 earthquake on August 28,2009 and its aftershocks.Several conclusions are drawn.(1) SLHF anomaly started to appear around the epicenter 6 days before the main shock.Then it continued to develop in intensity and extent,and moved to the coming epicenter.It disappeared when the main shock came.The maximum SLHF reaches 70W/m2.(2) SLHF anomaly also appeared before aftershocks,but in a different spatio-temporal evolving process.The evolving processes are multi-revolving with cycling features.(3) There is a good spatial corresponding relation between SLHF anomalies and the epicenters.The strong abnormal area corresponds to the main shock,while a weak abnormal area corresponds to aftershocks.Particularly,the SLHF anomaly is located exactly at the coming epicenter in Dulan aftershock.This case implies that SLHF anomaly before earthquakes should be a Lithosphere -Coversphere -Atmosphere (LCA) coupling effect in the earthquake preparation period,especially,in the impending-earthquake process.The features of SLHF anomaly before the main shock and aftershocks in seismic active regions might be important in future researches,and can be used in earthquake monitoring,prediction,hazard warning and disaster reduction.
Remote sensing technology can be used to obtain accurately the variation of Surface Latent Heat Flux (SLHF),therefore,can serve as a means for long-term monitoring of SLHF for tectonic activities and earthquakes (EQ).In this paper,the SLHF data from NCEP are used to analyze the variation of latent heat before Qinghai Haixi Ms 6.4 earthquake on August 28,2009 and its aftershocks.Several conclusions are drawn.(1) SLHF anomaly started to appear around the epicenter 6 days before the main shock.Then it continued to develop in intensity and extent,and moved to the coming epicenter.It disappeared when the main shock came.The maximum SLHF reaches 70W/m2.(2) SLHF anomaly also appeared before aftershocks,but in a different spatio-temporal evolving process.The evolving processes are multi-revolving with cycling features.(3) There is a good spatial corresponding relation between SLHF anomalies and the epicenters.The strong abnormal area corresponds to the main shock,while a weak abnormal area corresponds to aftershocks.Particularly,the SLHF anomaly is located exactly at the coming epicenter in Dulan aftershock.This case implies that SLHF anomaly before earthquakes should be a Lithosphere -Coversphere -Atmosphere (LCA) coupling effect in the earthquake preparation period,especially,in the impending-earthquake process.The features of SLHF anomaly before the main shock and aftershocks in seismic active regions might be important in future researches,and can be used in earthquake monitoring,prediction,hazard warning and disaster reduction.
引文
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[10]陈有顺,李文巧,哈辉.青海省海西州大柴旦6.3级地震房屋震害调查与分析[J].震灾防御技术,2009,4(1):117-120.Chen Youshun,Li Wenqiao,Ha Hui.Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention,2009,4(1):117-120.
[11]姜枚,许志琴,钱荣毅,等.青海省海西州大柴旦6.3级地震房屋震害调查与分析[J].中国地震,2006,33(2):268-273.Jiang Mei,Xu Zhiqin,Qian Rongyi,et al.Geology in China,2006,33(2):268-273.
[12]Wu L,Liu S.Remote sensing rock mechanics and earthquake infrared anomalies[M]//Jedlovec G.Advances in Geosciences&Remote Sensing.Sweden,In-Tech,2009.
[2]Cervone G,Kafatos M,Napoletani D,et al.Wavelet maxima curves associated with two recent great earthquakes[J].Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences,2004,4:359-374.
[3]Pulinets S A,Ouzounov D,Ciraolo L.Thermal,atmospheric and ionospheric anomalies around the time of the Colima M7.8earthquake of21January2003[J].Ann Geophys,2006,24:835-849.
[4]Pulinets S A,Ouzounov D,Karelin A V,et al.The physical nature of thermal anomalies observed before strong earthquakes[J].Physics andChemistry of the Earth,2006,31:143-153.
[5]Chen M H,Deng Z H,Yang Z Z.Surface latent heat flux anomalies prior to the Indonesia MW9.0earthquake of2004[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2006,51(1):118-120.
[6]李金平,吴立新,温志勇,等.中国沿海和内陆强震前的地表潜热通量异常特征[J].科技导报,2008,26(5):40-44.Li Jinping,Wu Lixin,Wen Zhiyong,et al.Science&Technology Review,2008,26(5):40-44.
[7]Qin K,Guo G,Wu L.Surface latent heat flux anomalies preceding inland earthquakes in China[J].Earthquake Science,2009,22:555-62.
[8]Kalnay E,Kanamitsu M,Kistler R.The NCEP/NCAR40-year reanalysis project[J].Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society,1996,77(3):437-471.
[9]Smith S R,Legler D M,Verzone K V.Quantifying uncertainties in NCEP reanalysis using high quality research vessel observation[R].CLIMAR99.WMO Workshop on Advances in Marine Climatology,Vancouver,8-15Sept,1999:223-230.
[10]陈有顺,李文巧,哈辉.青海省海西州大柴旦6.3级地震房屋震害调查与分析[J].震灾防御技术,2009,4(1):117-120.Chen Youshun,Li Wenqiao,Ha Hui.Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention,2009,4(1):117-120.
[11]姜枚,许志琴,钱荣毅,等.青海省海西州大柴旦6.3级地震房屋震害调查与分析[J].中国地震,2006,33(2):268-273.Jiang Mei,Xu Zhiqin,Qian Rongyi,et al.Geology in China,2006,33(2):268-273.
[12]Wu L,Liu S.Remote sensing rock mechanics and earthquake infrared anomalies[M]//Jedlovec G.Advances in Geosciences&Remote Sensing.Sweden,In-Tech,2009.
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