湖北省重大自然灾害数据库的设计与应用
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摘要
自然灾害，尤其是重大自然灾害是影响生产布局，制约区域经济发展的重要因素，在重大自然灾害中，气象灾害和地震灾害是对人类威胁最大的灾种。湖北省地处长江中游，是我国重大自然灾害的多发区与重灾区，其减灾、防灾的研究具有特别重要的意义。通过对湖北省历代有关气象灾害和地震灾害历史文献的收集、整理、分等分级，并且在计算机软硬件平台的支持下生成数据，将零散、杂乱的各种有关灾害的史料变成一个有序的信息源，为有关抗灾、防灾的研究和决策提供方便、可靠的基础数据，探索出一条借助现代技术手段利用历史文献的新路。文中详细地阐述了建立湖北省重大自然灾害数据库的技术规范、软硬件环境、方法和过程。针对一些没有使用过数据库管理系统的用户，本项目还设计了一个在ＤＯＳ和Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ界面下都可以运行的查询程序，使用户可以在系统的提示下，以人机交互的方式方便、快速地完成各种查询。
Natural disaster,especially serious natural disaster,is an important factor which influences the allocation of production and regional economy development. Compared with others,meteorological disaster and earthquake disaster are the most dangerous. Hubei Province is in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.It is also the area where serious disaster occurs frequently and severely. So the study of protecting this area from disaster has special significance. Supported by computer hardware and software, by collecting, arranging and classifying the historical material about meteorological disaster and earthquake disaster in Hubei Province, the project turns various scattered historical materials about disaster into an orderly information resource, provides correct basic data for the research and policy-decision, and finds out a new way of making use of historical references by modern computer technology. In this paper, the technical standards, the software and hardware environment, the method and process of setting up serious natural disaster database of Hubei province are explained in detail. For those users unfamiliar with the database management system, this project designs a consulting program which can be run in both DOS and Windows. Under the system prompt, this program enables those users to complete all kinds of inquiries quickly and conveniently through the way of man-machine interaction.
Natural disaster,especially serious natural disaster,is an important factor which influences the allocation of production and regional economy development. Compared with others,meteorological disaster and earthquake disaster are the most dangerous. Hubei Province is in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.It is also the area where serious disaster occurs frequently and severely. So the study of protecting this area from disaster has special significance. Supported by computer hardware and software, by collecting, arranging and classifying the historical material about meteorological disaster and earthquake disaster in Hubei Province, the project turns various scattered historical materials about disaster into an orderly information resource, provides correct basic data for the research and policy-decision, and finds out a new way of making use of historical references by modern computer technology. In this paper, the technical standards, the software and hardware environment, the method and process of setting up serious natural disaster database of Hubei province are explained in detail. For those users unfamiliar with the database management system, this project designs a consulting program which can be run in both DOS and Windows. Under the system prompt, this program enables those users to complete all kinds of inquiries quickly and conveniently through the way of man-machine interaction.
引文
1中国科学院地学部．中国自然灾害灾情分析与减灾对策．武汉：湖北科学技术出版社，1992，122藏励和．中国古今地名大辞典．北京：商务印书馆，19303辞海编辑委员会．辞海（历史地理分册）．上海：上海辞书出版社，19784李佩钧．中国历史中西历对照表．昆明：云南人民出版社，19575熊继平，丁忠孝，吴玉森．湖北省地震史料汇考．北京：地震出版社，19856金荣得，朱伟华，虞晓东．Foxprog2．5forDOS实用教程．上海：上海科学普及出版社，1995
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