卫星热红外和微波遥感资料在地震预报中的应用研究
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摘要
选取四次典型震例,分别以微波遥感及热红外遥感为研究手段对各发震区的温度进行窗口时间序列扫描,探讨震前陆地表面温度异常特征。研究发现:由热红外遥感及微波遥感反演所得的陆表温度年变形态极为相似,前者特征更为明显;震前并非完全是一个增温过程,有负异常现象存在;大地震的温度异常空间分布特征与断层的展布存在密切关系,温度异常区并非大面积存在,且未呈现明显迁移特征,这一新发现具有明确的物理意义。
Using four typical earthquakes as examples,the temperature-time sequences of each earthquake's epifocal area is scanned in small windows using microwave remote sensing and thermal infrared remote sensing,and then surface temperature anomalies before the occurrence of these earthquakes are analyzed.The results show that,although the surface temperatures inverted from satellite thermal infrared and microwave remote sensing has similar change patterns,the former is more obvious.The increase in temperature is not continuous and negative anomalies are also present before the earthquakes.There is a direct correlation between the spatial distribution of the temperature anomalies and faults.The temperature anomaly sections are not large-scale and there were no obvious migrations of the sections.The results of this study are useful for reference in future studies.
Using four typical earthquakes as examples,the temperature-time sequences of each earthquake's epifocal area is scanned in small windows using microwave remote sensing and thermal infrared remote sensing,and then surface temperature anomalies before the occurrence of these earthquakes are analyzed.The results show that,although the surface temperatures inverted from satellite thermal infrared and microwave remote sensing has similar change patterns,the former is more obvious.The increase in temperature is not continuous and negative anomalies are also present before the earthquakes.There is a direct correlation between the spatial distribution of the temperature anomalies and faults.The temperature anomaly sections are not large-scale and there were no obvious migrations of the sections.The results of this study are useful for reference in future studies.
引文
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[9]任雅琼,刘培洵,马瑾,等.亚失稳阶段雁列断层热场演化的实验研究[J].地球物理学报,2013,56(7):2348-2357.REN Ya-Qiong,LIU Pei-Xun,MA Jin,et al.Experimental Study on Evolution of Thermal Field of En Echelon Fault During the Meta-instability Stage[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2013,56(7):2348-2357.(in Chinese)
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[2]单新建,屈春燕,马瑾.卫星热红外观测与发震断层不同段落交替活动特征分析,大地测量与地球动力学,2005,25(2):58-62.SHAN Xin-jian,QU Chun-yan,MA Jin.Satellite Thermal Infrared Observation and Analysis on Alternate Activity of Different Segments of Seismogenic Fault[J].Crustal Deformation and Earthquake,2005,25(2):58-62.(in Chinese)
[3]姚清林,强祖基,王弋平.青藏高原地震前CO的排放与卫星热红外增温异常,地球科学进展,2005,20(5):505-510.YAO Qing-lin,QIANG Zu-ji,WANG Yi-ping.CO Release from the Tibetan Plateau before Earthquakes and Increasing Temperature Anomaly Showing in Thermal Infrared Images of Satellite[J].Advance in Earth Sciences,2005,20(5):505-510.(in Chinese)
[4]ZHANG Yuan-sheng,GUO Xiao,ZHONG Mei-jiao,et al.Wenchuan Earthquake:Brightness Temperature Changes from Satellite Infrared Information[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2010,55(18):1917-1924.
[5]张璇,张元生,魏从信,等.四川芦山7.0级地震卫星热红外异常解析[J].地震工程学报,2013,35(2):272-277.ZHANG Xuan,ZHANG Yuan-sheng,WEI Cong-xin,et al.Analysis of Thermal Infrared Anomaly before the Lushan MS7.0 Earthquake[J].China Earthquake Engineering Journal,2013,35(2):272-277.(in Chinese)
[6]张璇,张元生,魏从信,等.云南彝良5.7级地震前卫星热红外异常[J].地震工程学报,2013,35(1):171-176.ZHANG Xuan,ZHANG Yuan-sheng,WEI Cong-xin,et al.Thermal Infrared Anomaly Prior to Yiliang of Yunnan MS5.7Earthquake[J].China Earthquake Engineering Journal,2013,35(1):171-176.(in Chinese)
[7]邓明德,崔承禹,耿乃光.遥感用于地震预报的理论及实验结果[J].中国地震,1993,9(2):163-169.DENG Ming-de,CUI Cheng-yu,GENG Nai-guang.Applicaton of Principle of Remote Sensing to Earthquake Prediction and the Experimental Results[J].Earthquake Research in China,1993,9(2):163-169.(in Chinese)
[8]房宗绯,邓明德,钱家栋,等.无源微波遥感用于地震预测及物理机理研究[J].地球物理学报,2000,43(4):465-470.FANG Zong-fei,DENG Ming-de,QIAN Jia-dong,et al.Application of Passive Microwave Remote Sensing Technology To The Seismic Prediction and Its Physical Mechanism[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2000,43(4):465-470.(in Chinese)
[9]任雅琼,刘培洵,马瑾,等.亚失稳阶段雁列断层热场演化的实验研究[J].地球物理学报,2013,56(7):2348-2357.REN Ya-Qiong,LIU Pei-Xun,MA Jin,et al.Experimental Study on Evolution of Thermal Field of En Echelon Fault During the Meta-instability Stage[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2013,56(7):2348-2357.(in Chinese)
[10]钟美娇,张元生.2005年10月8日巴基斯坦7.8级地震热红外异常[J].西北地震学报,2007.29(2):138-140.ZHONG Mei-jiao,ZHANG Yuan-sheng.Thermal Infrared Anomaly before Pakistan Earthquake(MS=7.8)on October8,2005[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2007,29(2):138-140.(in Chinese)
[11]Becker F,Li z L.Towards a Local Split Window Method Over Land Surface[J].Int J Remote Sens,1990,11(3):369-393.
[12]郭晓,张元生,钟美娇.卫星热红外遥感资料在地震预报中的应用研究[J].西北地震学报,2005,27(3):223-227.GUO Xiao,ZHANG Yuan-sheng,ZHONG Mei-jiao,Study on Thermal Infrared Data of Satellite Remote Sensing Applied to Earthquake Prediction[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2005,27(3):223-227.(in Chinese)
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