伊宁凹陷煤系地层对深层地震反射波能量衰减机理分析
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摘要
伊宁凹陷侏罗系以下油气勘探未获进展,其原因是侏罗系煤系地层与砂岩地层交互,煤层厚度大部分处在四分之一的地震波长,不仅层间多次波发育严重,而且目的层反射能量较弱.为此,本文基于薄煤系地层地震层间多次波反射和透射的频率特性,来定量分析煤系地层使深层地震反射能量弱的机理,并基于伊宁凹陷已钻探井及初勘地震剖面构制地质模型,采用双程波动方程照明分析方法,验证薄煤层内层间多次波对下伏地层反射能量的衰减,旨在为靶区资料处理阶段提高深层反射能量提供依据.
The reason why the exploration of oil and gas under Jurassic of Yining Depression does not make much progress is due to the interaction of Jurassic coal-layers and sandstone strata.As the thickness of most of the coal-layer is about one fourth of the wavelength,the internal multiple is obvious,and the reflection energy of the target layer is too weak.The principle of how the coal layer weaken the energy of deep seismic reflection is analyzed,based on the frequency properties of internal multiple reflections and transmitted waves of thin coal seams.Based on drilling wells in Yining Depression and the seismic profile,the geological model of this area has been built.By the method known as two-way wave-equation illumination analysis,inspection and verification of the internal multiple of coal-layer weaken the energy of seismic reflection.The aim of this article is to supply some proof on how to improve the energy of deep reflections in the data processing stage.
The reason why the exploration of oil and gas under Jurassic of Yining Depression does not make much progress is due to the interaction of Jurassic coal-layers and sandstone strata.As the thickness of most of the coal-layer is about one fourth of the wavelength,the internal multiple is obvious,and the reflection energy of the target layer is too weak.The principle of how the coal layer weaken the energy of deep seismic reflection is analyzed,based on the frequency properties of internal multiple reflections and transmitted waves of thin coal seams.Based on drilling wells in Yining Depression and the seismic profile,the geological model of this area has been built.By the method known as two-way wave-equation illumination analysis,inspection and verification of the internal multiple of coal-layer weaken the energy of seismic reflection.The aim of this article is to supply some proof on how to improve the energy of deep reflections in the data processing stage.
引文
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[12]张玉芬.影响薄互层地震反射波特征因素分析.地质科技情报,1998,17(3):101-106.Zhang Y F.Factors analysis affecting seismic reflectioncharacteristics of thin interbedding.Geological Science andTechno logy Information(in Chinese),1998,17(3):101-106.
[2]李鹏,刘伊克,常旭等.多次波问题的研究进展.地球物理学进展,2006,21(3)888-897.Li P,Liu Y K,Chang X,et al.Progress on the multipleproblems.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(3)888-897.
[3]顾汉明,梁国胜,刘厚顺等.用多次波压制模拟确定观测系统设计参数.石油物探,2001,40(4):43-48.Gu H M,Liang G S,Liu H S,et al.The determination ofparameters of layout system by multiple suppressionsimulation.Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum(inChinese),2001,40(4):43-48.
[4]刘后顺,张东霞,王晓华.伊宁凹陷压制多次波方法研究及应用.断块油气田,1999,6(2):17-20.Liu H S,Zhang D X,Wang X H.The research andapplication of multiples decreasing techniques in Yiningdepression.Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field(in Chinese),1999,6(2):17-20.
[5]朱生旺,魏修成,李锋等.用抛物线Radon变换稀疏解分离和压制多次波.石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(2):110-115.Zhu S W,Wei X C,Li F,et al.Separating and suppressingmultiples by sparse solution of parabolic Radon transform.OilGeophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),2002,37(2):110-115.
[6]李仁甫,王婧韫,刘克文等.伊犁盆地压制地震多次波处理方法试验.石油物探,2002,41(1):92-94.Li R F,Wang J Y,Liu K W,et al.Study of seismic multiplerejection in Yili basin.Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum(in Chinese),2002,41(1):92-94.
[7]李来林,魏大力.LIFT去噪方法在地震资料处理中的应用.石油物探,2007,46(2):193-195.Li Y L,Wei D L.Application of LIFT de-noise method inseismic data processing.Geophysical Prospecting forPetroleum(in Chinese),2007,46(2):193-195.
[8]田继强,胡天跃.反馈迭代法在自由表面多次波压制中的应用.石油物探,2008,47(5):449-454.Tian J Q,Hu T Y.Application of feedback iteration methodin free surface multiple attenuation.Geophysical Prospectingfor Petroleum(in Chinese),2008,47(5):449-454.
[9]张军华,陆文志,王月英等.薄层地球物理特征再认识.石油物探,2004,43(6):541-546Zhang J H,Wang Y G,Yang G Q.Research of geophysicalcharacteristics in thin-beds.Geophysical Prospecting forPetroleum(in Chinese),2004,43(6):541-546.
[10]凌云研究组.地震分辨率极限问题的研究.石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(4):435-442.Ling Y Research Group.Study of seismic resolution limit.Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),2004,39(4):435-442.
[11]Karsli H,Dondurur D,ifi G.Application of complex-traceanalysis to seismic data for random-noise suppression andtemporal resolution improvement.Geophysics,2006,71(3):79-86.
[12]张玉芬.影响薄互层地震反射波特征因素分析.地质科技情报,1998,17(3):101-106.Zhang Y F.Factors analysis affecting seismic reflectioncharacteristics of thin interbedding.Geological Science andTechno logy Information(in Chinese),1998,17(3):101-106.
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