地震相在塔里木盆地古城地区碳酸盐岩台地演化及特征分析中的应用
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摘要
古城地区钻井资料欠缺。通过单井相分析、单井相标定地震相、地震相分析,研究了古城台地演化特征。台地的发育经历了缓坡—弱镶边台地—镶边台地的发育过程。从早寒武世到早中奥陶世,斜坡带的宽度依次变窄,台地边缘带的宽度呈变宽的趋势,并在地震反射外形上从初期的无明显外形特征演变到早中奥陶世的丘状外形。到中奥陶世末期,台地边缘演化到较高能型的台地边缘,但未到高能型的台地边缘。平面地震相分析表明,台地在演化过程中各相带的展布具有不规则性。研究区台地的演化属渐变过程,与塔中台地的类型形成鲜明对比。台地的沉积类型早期以相对静水沉积为主,逐渐发展到相对高能沉积。台地边缘碳酸盐岩建隆以灰泥丘为主,颗粒灰岩胶结良好,骨架礁体不发育。
For lack of drilling data in Gucheng area,study of carbonate platform has been carried out based on seismic facies assemblage analysis method,combined with sedimentary facies analysis of single drill and geological data.Platform has experienced three evolution stages,including slope,feeble edging carbonate platform and edging carbonate platform.From early Cambrian to early-middle Ordovician,the width of slope becomes narrower gradually,while platform edge becomes wider,with dome shape external edge.By the end of middle Ordovician,platform has been evolved with relative high energy.Analysis of planar seismic facies indicates that each facies is not distributed regularly in evolution process.The Gucheng carbonate platform evolves gradually,which was completely different from Tazhong carbonate platform.Carbonate builtup in platform edge is mainly composed of mud mound.The grains are well cemented and framework reef is not developed.
For lack of drilling data in Gucheng area,study of carbonate platform has been carried out based on seismic facies assemblage analysis method,combined with sedimentary facies analysis of single drill and geological data.Platform has experienced three evolution stages,including slope,feeble edging carbonate platform and edging carbonate platform.From early Cambrian to early-middle Ordovician,the width of slope becomes narrower gradually,while platform edge becomes wider,with dome shape external edge.By the end of middle Ordovician,platform has been evolved with relative high energy.Analysis of planar seismic facies indicates that each facies is not distributed regularly in evolution process.The Gucheng carbonate platform evolves gradually,which was completely different from Tazhong carbonate platform.Carbonate builtup in platform edge is mainly composed of mud mound.The grains are well cemented and framework reef is not developed.
引文
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[2]Jiao Zhifeng,Gao Zhiqian.Formation,evolution and hydrocar-bon-controlling geological conditions of major paleohighs,Ta-rim basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2008,19(5):639-646.[焦志峰,高志前.塔里木盆地主要古隆起的形成、演化及控油气地质条件分析[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(5):639-646.]
[3]Zhu Changjian,Xiao Zhongyao,Zhang Baomin,et al.UpperCambrian-Ordovician reservoir characteristics in wellGucheng-4 area,Tarim basin[J].Petroleum Exploration andDevelopment,2008,35(2):175-180.[朱长见,肖中尧,张宝民,等.塔里木盆地古城4井区上寒武统—奥陶系储集层特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2008,35(2):175-181.]
[4]Shi Zejin,Tian Yaming,Han Xiaojun,et al.Paleozoic and itsgeological significance in the southeast margin of Sichuan ba-sin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2009,31(1):31-39.[施泽进,田亚铭,韩小俊,等.川东南地区下古生界地震相特征及意义[J].石油试验地质,2009,31(1):31-39.]
[5]Ma Yongsheng,Mei Minxiang,Chen Xiaobing,et al.Carbon-atite Reservoir Sedimentology[M].Beijing:Geological Pub-lishing House,1999:272-278.[马永生,梅冥相,陈小兵,等.碳酸盐岩储层沉积学[M].北京:地质出版社,1999:272-278.]
[6]Li Hongge,Han Yuchun.Distribution and characters of seis-mic facies of areas with good condition for oil and gas accumu-lating of mid-upper Ordovician in Tazhong area,Tarim basin[J].Petroleum Geophysics,2003,38(2):195-198.[李洪革,韩宇春.塔中地区中上奥陶统有利油气富集的地震相特征及分布[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(2):195-198.]
[7]Gong Honglin.Geophysical characteristics of Ordovician car-bonate rock,central Tarim basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2009,20(1):138-192.[龚洪林.塔中地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩石地球物理特征研究[J].天然气地球科学,2009,20(1):138-192.]
[8]Yin Wei,Fan Tailiang,Guo Gang,et al.Type of carbonateplatform and its control factors under different force-summingmech-anism[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2006,28(4):188-191.[尹微,樊太亮,郭刚,等.不同受力机制下的碳酸盐岩台地类型及其控制因素分析[J].石油天然气学报,2006,28(4):188-191.]
[9]Chen Jinshan,Wang Zhenyu,Dai Zongyang,et al.Analysis ofmid-upper Ordovician platform border in Tazhong area,Tarimbasin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,1999,1(2):9-15.[陈景山,王振宇,代宗仰,等.塔中地区中上奥陶统台地镶边体系分析[J].古地理学报,1999,1(2):9-15.]
[10]Jiang Zaixing.Sedimentology[M].Beijing:Petroleum IndustryPress,2003:414-418.[姜在兴.沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003:414-418.]
[11]Gu Jiayu,Zhang Xingyang,Luo Ping,et al.Development char-acteristics of organic reef-bank complex on Ordovician carbon-ate platform margin in Tarim basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(3):277-283.[顾家裕,张兴阳,罗平,等.塔里木盆地奥陶系台地边缘生物礁、滩发育特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(3):277-283.]
[12]Gao Zhiqian,Fan Tailiang,Jiao Zhifeng,et al.The structuraltypes and depositional characteristics of carbonate platform inthe Cambrian-Ordovician of Tarim basin[J].Acta Sedimento-logica Sinica,2006,24(1):19-27.[高志前,樊太亮,焦志峰,等.塔里木盆地寒武—奥陶系碳酸盐岩台地样式及其沉积响应特征[J].沉积学报,2006,24(1):19-27.]
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