下扬子海相地层地震内幕反射的地质成因
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摘要
下扬子海相地层地震内幕反射的资料品质区域上存在较大差异。通过对钻井资料、地层沉积成岩特征和地层速度分析,认为该区下古生界因成岩作用强烈,没有明显的速度界面,难以形成好的地震反射;而上古生界石炭-二叠系内部存在多个明显的速度界面,能形成较强的地震反射。海相地层地震内幕反射资料品质受石炭-二叠系的残存状况、构造变形等因素控制,在南黄海部分构造变形较弱地区,石炭-二叠系可以形成连续强反射;在苏皖陆上构造变形较强地区,主要形成断续反射;而在石炭-二叠系缺失地区,地震资料品质普遍较差,多为杂乱反射。有石炭-二叠系残存的地区和构造变形相对较弱的地区为地震攻关的主要目标区。
Data quality of internal seismic reflection in marine strata varies greatly in different places in the Lo-wer Yangtze area.Based on analysis of drilling data,sedimentation,diagenesis and strata velocity,we think that there is too strong diagenesis in the Lower Paleozoic to form any evident velocity interface and hence there are no obvious seismic reflections.While in the Carboniferous-Permian of the Lower Paleozoic,there are several evident velocity interfaces to form intense seismic reflections.Residual condition of the Carboniferous-Permian and structural deformation are the main factors to control the internal seismic reflection of the marine strata.There are continuous seismic interfaces due to weak structural deformation in parts of southern Yellow Sea and disconti-nuous seismic interfaces due to great structural deformation in the land of Jiangsu and Anhui provinces.But there is chaotic or jumble seismic reflection in areas without the Carboniferous-Permian strata.The areas with the Carboniferous-Permian strata and weaker structural deformation are the best places to do seismic survey.
Data quality of internal seismic reflection in marine strata varies greatly in different places in the Lo-wer Yangtze area.Based on analysis of drilling data,sedimentation,diagenesis and strata velocity,we think that there is too strong diagenesis in the Lower Paleozoic to form any evident velocity interface and hence there are no obvious seismic reflections.While in the Carboniferous-Permian of the Lower Paleozoic,there are several evident velocity interfaces to form intense seismic reflections.Residual condition of the Carboniferous-Permian and structural deformation are the main factors to control the internal seismic reflection of the marine strata.There are continuous seismic interfaces due to weak structural deformation in parts of southern Yellow Sea and disconti-nuous seismic interfaces due to great structural deformation in the land of Jiangsu and Anhui provinces.But there is chaotic or jumble seismic reflection in areas without the Carboniferous-Permian strata.The areas with the Carboniferous-Permian strata and weaker structural deformation are the best places to do seismic survey.
引文
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[16]佘晓宇,徐宏节,何治亮.江苏下扬子区中古生界构造特征及其演化[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,4(2):226-230.She Xiaoyu,Xu Hongjie,He Zhiliang.Tectonic characteristicsand evolution of Mesozoic and Paleozoic in Lower Yangtze re-gion,Jiangsu[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2004,4(2):226-230.
[17]梅廉夫,刘昭茜,汤济广,等.南方多旋回构造作用制约下的中、古生界海相油气构造-成藏旋回[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(5):589-597.Mei Lianfu,Liu Zhaoqian,Tang Jiguang,et al.Tectonic-poolingcycles controlled by polycyclic tectonism in the Mesozoic-Paleo-zoic marine strata of South China[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(5):589-597.
[2]杨方之,闫吉柱,苏树桉,等.下扬子地区海相盆地演化及油气勘探选区评价[J].江苏地质,2001,11(3):134-141.Yang Fangzhi,Yan Jizhu,Su Shu’an,et al.Evolution of marinebasins and exploration direction estimation of oil and gas inLower Yangtze areas[J].Jiangsu Geology,2001,11(3):134-141.
[3]郭彤楼.下扬子地区中古生界叠加改造特征与多源多期成藏[J].石油实验地质,2004,8(4):319-323.Guo Tonglou.Superimposition and modification of the Mesozoicand Paleozoic basins and multi-stages of hydrocarbon accumula-tion with multiple source rocks in Lower Yangtze area[J].Pe-troleum Geology&Expeximent,2004,8(4):319-323.
[4]温森来,李振山.下扬子区地震勘探方法攻关进展[J].石油勘探与开发,1994,21(5):100-101.Wen Senlai,Li Zhenshan.Research progress on seismic explo-ration in Lower Yangze area[J].PetroleumExploration and De-velopment,1994,21(5):100-101.
[5]孟尔盛.论南方海相地层区石油物探方法[J].海相油气地质,1996,1(4):1-4.Meng Ersheng.Discussing on the method of geophysical explo-ration for petroleum in marine strata area southern China[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,1996,1(4):1-4.
[6]徐师文.大地电磁测深在下扬子及邻区的应用[J].海相油气地质,1997,2(4):43-52.Xu Shiwen.The application of MT sounding in Lower Yangziand its adjacent area[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,1997,2(4):43-52.
[7]丁建荣,王华忠,李代芳,等.共反射面元方法在下扬子地区的实验[J].石油物探,2003,42(3):414-416.Ding Jianrong,Wang Huazhong,Li Daifang,et al.Applicationof common reflecting element method in Jiangsu area[J].Geo-physical Prospecting for Petroleum,2003,42(3):414-416.
[8]陈安定.用MT资料解释苏北地区海相残留地层展布[J].石油物探,2004,43(1):90-93.Chen Anding.Interpretation of the distribution of residual ma-rine strata in the north part of Jiangsu province using magneto-telluric sounding data[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petrole-um,2004,43(1):90-93.
[9]邓玉胜,苏树桉.构造模型正演技术在下扬子区初步应用效果[J].物探与化探,2004,28(5):410-412.Deng Yusheng,Su Shu’an.The effect of applying forword mod-eling technique for structure models in Lower Yangtze area[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2004,28(5):410-412.
[10]倪宁晖,鲍峥,薛曙,等.盒子波技术在下扬子地区油气勘探中的应用研究[J].中国石油勘探,2006,11(5):35-40.Ni Ninghui,Bao Zheng,Xue Shu,et al.Study on the applicationof box-wave technique for petroleumexploration in Lower Yang-zi area[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2006,11(5):35-40.
[11]吴向阳,曾海东,金兴国,等.苏南SK1井钻探结果对下扬子区油气勘探的启示[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,10(5):5-7.Wu Xiangyang,Zeng Haidong,Jin Xingguo,et al.Prospectiveenlightenment obtained from the drilling result of SK1 in Sunanarea of Lower Yangtze[J].Petroleum Exploration and Develop-ment,2000,10(5):5-7.
[12]欧阳凯,张顺华,李刚.南黄海中部隆起地层分布特征[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2009,2(1):59-66.Ou Yangkai,Zhang Shunhua,Li Gang.Characteristics of strati-graphic distribution in the middle uplift of South Yellow Sea[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,2009,2(1):59-66.
[13]马力,陈焕疆,甘克文,等.中国南方大地构造和海相油气地质[M].北京:地质出版社,2004.239-357.Ma Li,Chen Huanjiang,Gan Kewen,et al.Geotectonics and pe-troleum geology of marine sedimentary rocks in Southern China[M].Beijing:Geology Publishing House,2004:239-357.
[14]戴春山,杨艳秋,闫桂京.南黄海中-古生代海相残留盆地埋藏生烃史模拟及其意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(1):49-55.Dai Chunshan,Yang Yanqiu,Yan Guijing.Modelling of burialand hydrocarbon-generation histories of Meso-Paleozoic marineresidual basins in South Yellow Sea and its geologic signifi-cance[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(1):49-55.
[15]丁道桂,潘文蕾,彭金宁,等.扬子板块中、古生代盆地的改造变形[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(5):597-606.Ding Daogui,Pan Wenlei,Peng Jinning,et al.Transformationand deformation of the Meso-Paleozoic basins in the YangtzePlate[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2008,29(5):597-606.
[16]佘晓宇,徐宏节,何治亮.江苏下扬子区中古生界构造特征及其演化[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,4(2):226-230.She Xiaoyu,Xu Hongjie,He Zhiliang.Tectonic characteristicsand evolution of Mesozoic and Paleozoic in Lower Yangtze re-gion,Jiangsu[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2004,4(2):226-230.
[17]梅廉夫,刘昭茜,汤济广,等.南方多旋回构造作用制约下的中、古生界海相油气构造-成藏旋回[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(5):589-597.Mei Lianfu,Liu Zhaoqian,Tang Jiguang,et al.Tectonic-poolingcycles controlled by polycyclic tectonism in the Mesozoic-Paleo-zoic marine strata of South China[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(5):589-597.
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