海上单道地震与浅地层剖面数据海浪改正处理研究
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摘要
因受海面大风浪与涌浪等影响,海上单道地震与浅地层剖面数据反射同相轴常出现波浪状起伏,造成剖面反射层位错乱,分辨率与信噪比降低。根据海浪噪声与海底反射地层在横向上的相关性与变化频率等特性,以及综合前人的研究成果,采用陆上地震数据剩余静校正处理中的统计模型道互相关方法来实现对剖面反射同相轴的海浪改正处理;为减少强能量噪声对相关运算的影响,采用中值滤波、光滑滤波技术对反射同相轴曲线进行滤波处理,以进一步减少残留海浪的影响及相关运算改正误差。将这些方法综合运用于海上实际调查资料处理后,大风浪与涌浪影响下的波浪状反射同相轴变得连续、光滑,海底下混乱模糊的反射层位变得清晰、连续,剖面信噪比与分辨率得到了极大的提高。
Owing to sea big wind wave and swell and so on,marine single channel seismic and subbottom profile data reflecting events often undulated,causing profile reflection horizons wrongs and confusions,and resolution and signal to noise ratio reduction.Therefore,according to the noise and the seabed reflection formation in the horizontal correlation with the change of frequency characteristics,as well as the comprehensive results of the previous studies,the land seismic data's residual static correction processing in the statistical model trace's cross-correlation method is used to reduce the influence of ocean wave on the reflecting events.in addition,in order to reduce of the effect of the high energy noise on correlation operation,uses the median filtering and smoothing filtering technology on the reflection events curve filtering are used to further reduce residual waves effects and related operational correction error.These methods will be integrated in the actual survey data processing of sea,large wind wave and swell under the influence of the wavy reflecting events become continuous and smooth,and under the sea clutter reflective layer it becomes clear and continuous,section signal-to-noise ratio and resolution are greatly improved.
Owing to sea big wind wave and swell and so on,marine single channel seismic and subbottom profile data reflecting events often undulated,causing profile reflection horizons wrongs and confusions,and resolution and signal to noise ratio reduction.Therefore,according to the noise and the seabed reflection formation in the horizontal correlation with the change of frequency characteristics,as well as the comprehensive results of the previous studies,the land seismic data's residual static correction processing in the statistical model trace's cross-correlation method is used to reduce the influence of ocean wave on the reflecting events.in addition,in order to reduce of the effect of the high energy noise on correlation operation,uses the median filtering and smoothing filtering technology on the reflection events curve filtering are used to further reduce residual waves effects and related operational correction error.These methods will be integrated in the actual survey data processing of sea,large wind wave and swell under the influence of the wavy reflecting events become continuous and smooth,and under the sea clutter reflective layer it becomes clear and continuous,section signal-to-noise ratio and resolution are greatly improved.
引文
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[3]丁维凤,罗进华,来向华,等.浅地层剖面交互拾取解释技术研究[J].海洋科学,2008,32(9):1-6.
[4]丁维凤,潘国富,苟铮慷,等.基于能量比与互相关法的地震剖面反射同相轴交互自动拾取研究[J].海洋学报,2012,34(3):87-91.
[5]黄德济,贺振华.地震勘探资料数字处理[M].北京:地质出版社,1993:85-97.
[6]渥.伊尔马兹.地震资料分析——地震资料处理、反演和解释:上册[M].刘怀山,王克斌,童思友,等译.北京:海洋出版社,2003:262-288.
[7]程乾生.数字信号处理的数学原理[M].第2版.北京:石油工业出版社,1993:290-333.
[8]吴建华,李迟生,周卫星.中值滤波与均值滤波的去噪性能比较[J].南昌大学学报:工科版,1998(1):32-65.
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