利用多分量地震数据反演近地表横波速度
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摘要
在陆上多波地震资料处理中,转换波资料静校正需要获得准确的近地表横波速度。文中从分析多分量地震记录波场出发,提出利用多波资料中的X与Z分量数据进行近地表横波速度反演的方法。利用X、Z分量上折射波信息,获取水平慢度和偏振角度,进而反演近地表的横波速度。通过数学模型与实际资料的应用,表明反演的近地表横波速度较为准确,可以准确地反映近地表的横波速度变化。
In land multi-component seismic data processing,the accurate near-surface shear-wave velocity is needed in converted-wave static correction.In this paper,we propose a method in which the near-surface shear-wave velocity can be inverted by X and Z component data after analyzing the wave field of multi-component seismic record.Horizontal slowness and polarization angle can be derived using refracted wave information in X and Z component,and then the shear-wave velocity can be inverted.The method is tested on model data and real data.The results show the inverted near-surface shear-wave velocity is reliable,and can be used to characterize exactly the near-surface strata.
In land multi-component seismic data processing,the accurate near-surface shear-wave velocity is needed in converted-wave static correction.In this paper,we propose a method in which the near-surface shear-wave velocity can be inverted by X and Z component data after analyzing the wave field of multi-component seismic record.Horizontal slowness and polarization angle can be derived using refracted wave information in X and Z component,and then the shear-wave velocity can be inverted.The method is tested on model data and real data.The results show the inverted near-surface shear-wave velocity is reliable,and can be used to characterize exactly the near-surface strata.
引文
[1]张永刚,王赟,王妙月.目前多分量地震勘探中的几个关键问题.地球物理学报,2004,47(1):151～155Zhang Yonggang,Wang Yun and Wang Miaoyue.Some key problems in the multicomponent seismic ex-ploration.Chinese J Geophys,2004,47(1):151～155
[2]李录明,罗省贤.复杂三维表层模型层析反演和静校正.石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(6):636～642Li Luming and Luo Xingxian.Tomographic inversionfor 3-D complex near-surface model and static correc-tion.OGP,2003,38(6):636～642
[3]詹正彬,姚姚.多波及横波地震勘探.北京:地质出版社,1994
[4]段云卿,皮金云,刘冰等.三分量小折射表层调查研究.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(6):652～655Duan Yunqing,Pi Jinyun,Liu Bing et al.Study onnear-suface by 3-component(3-C)shallow refraction.OGP,2008,43(6):652～655
[5]李桂花,朱光明.利用三分量微测井技术调查表层纵、横波速度.石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(2):160～165Li Guihua and Zhu Guangming.Using 3-C upholesurvey technique to survey P-wave and S-wave veloci-ty on surface.OGP,2006,41(2):160～165
[6]Xia J,Miller R D and Park C B.Estimation of near-surface shear-wave velocity by inversion of Rayleighwaves.Geophysics,1999,64(3):691～700
[7]Edme P and Kragh E.Near-surface S-wave velocityestimation from P-wave polarization analysis.72ndEAGE Conference&Exhibition,2010:121～125
[8]Saul E G,Robert R S.3-C geophone orientation andwave modes polarization.SEG Technical ProgramExpanded Abstracts,2001,20:799～801
[9]郭全仕.井间三分量检波器方位估算.勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(5):318～321Guo Quanshi.Estimation of crosswell 3-D componentgeophone orientation.PEG,2006,29(5):318～321
[10]刘洋,魏修成,赵伟等.斜井VSP三分量检波器定向方法.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(1),34～40Liu Yang,Wei Xiucheng,Zhao Wei et al.Orientationmethod of 3-C geophone in incline well VSP.OGP,2008,43(1):34～40
[11]Aki K and Richards P G著,李钦祖等译.定量地震学——理论和方法.北京:地震出版社,1986,153～154
[12]加尔比林著;何樵登,杨宝俊译.地震勘探偏振法.北京:石油工业出版社,1989
[13]Samson J C.Matrix and stokes vector representationsof detectors for polarized waveforms:theory,withsome applications to teleseismic waves.GeophysicalJournal of the Royal Astronomical Society,1977,51(3):583～603
[2]李录明,罗省贤.复杂三维表层模型层析反演和静校正.石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(6):636～642Li Luming and Luo Xingxian.Tomographic inversionfor 3-D complex near-surface model and static correc-tion.OGP,2003,38(6):636～642
[3]詹正彬,姚姚.多波及横波地震勘探.北京:地质出版社,1994
[4]段云卿,皮金云,刘冰等.三分量小折射表层调查研究.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(6):652～655Duan Yunqing,Pi Jinyun,Liu Bing et al.Study onnear-suface by 3-component(3-C)shallow refraction.OGP,2008,43(6):652～655
[5]李桂花,朱光明.利用三分量微测井技术调查表层纵、横波速度.石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(2):160～165Li Guihua and Zhu Guangming.Using 3-C upholesurvey technique to survey P-wave and S-wave veloci-ty on surface.OGP,2006,41(2):160～165
[6]Xia J,Miller R D and Park C B.Estimation of near-surface shear-wave velocity by inversion of Rayleighwaves.Geophysics,1999,64(3):691～700
[7]Edme P and Kragh E.Near-surface S-wave velocityestimation from P-wave polarization analysis.72ndEAGE Conference&Exhibition,2010:121～125
[8]Saul E G,Robert R S.3-C geophone orientation andwave modes polarization.SEG Technical ProgramExpanded Abstracts,2001,20:799～801
[9]郭全仕.井间三分量检波器方位估算.勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(5):318～321Guo Quanshi.Estimation of crosswell 3-D componentgeophone orientation.PEG,2006,29(5):318～321
[10]刘洋,魏修成,赵伟等.斜井VSP三分量检波器定向方法.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(1),34～40Liu Yang,Wei Xiucheng,Zhao Wei et al.Orientationmethod of 3-C geophone in incline well VSP.OGP,2008,43(1):34～40
[11]Aki K and Richards P G著,李钦祖等译.定量地震学——理论和方法.北京:地震出版社,1986,153～154
[12]加尔比林著;何樵登,杨宝俊译.地震勘探偏振法.北京:石油工业出版社,1989
[13]Samson J C.Matrix and stokes vector representationsof detectors for polarized waveforms:theory,withsome applications to teleseismic waves.GeophysicalJournal of the Royal Astronomical Society,1977,51(3):583～603
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