结合历史大震的反演探讨砖石古塔的抗震变形能力
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摘要
通过对1604年泉州海外721级大震进行反演,得到该次地震在泉州东、西塔塔址的基岩水平峰值加速度和基岩水平加速度反应谱;然后,结合试验测定的场地岩土力学性能,采用一维等效线性化波动法计算土层地震动反应,得到塔址地表水平加速度时程;接着,基于MATLAB平台,结合地震危险性分析结果,采用Wilson-θ法自编程序,对东、西塔进行结构弹性时程动力分析,并根据史料记载的东西塔在这次地震中的破坏状况,得到东、西塔的弹性层间位移角限值。与相关文献的结果相比,两者数值上相差不大,但本文的分析方法更符合当前的认知水平。本文结果可供古石塔抗震变形验算和震害预测参考。
The inversion of Megaseism M 712 in coastal area of Quanzhou in 1604 is performed by means of deterministic parsing of seismic hazards,to attain the matrix horizontal peak acceleration (191gal) as well as the response spectrum of matrix horizontal acceleration at the pagoda site caused by the earthquake. Then combined with the site geotechnical characteristic determined in the test,one-dimensional equivalent linearized fluctuation is applied to calculate the earthquake responses of the soil layer in order to attain the horizontal acceleration time-history in the site ground. Based on the MATLAB platform together with the findings of seismic hazard analysis,the program Wilson θ-method is used to conduct the elastic time-history dynamic analysis of structures of East and West Towers. According to the destruction conditions of East and West Towers in the earthquake from historic records,the limited value 1/532 of the elastic interlayer displacement in East and West Towers is obtained. There is no great difference between the analytical results in this paper and those of Reference 4,but the former seems to be more theoretical reasonable. This analysis can be used as a reference for investigation of the aseismic deformability of ancient masonry pagodas and prediction of seismic damages.
The inversion of Megaseism M 712 in coastal area of Quanzhou in 1604 is performed by means of deterministic parsing of seismic hazards,to attain the matrix horizontal peak acceleration (191gal) as well as the response spectrum of matrix horizontal acceleration at the pagoda site caused by the earthquake. Then combined with the site geotechnical characteristic determined in the test,one-dimensional equivalent linearized fluctuation is applied to calculate the earthquake responses of the soil layer in order to attain the horizontal acceleration time-history in the site ground. Based on the MATLAB platform together with the findings of seismic hazard analysis,the program Wilson θ-method is used to conduct the elastic time-history dynamic analysis of structures of East and West Towers. According to the destruction conditions of East and West Towers in the earthquake from historic records,the limited value 1/532 of the elastic interlayer displacement in East and West Towers is obtained. There is no great difference between the analytical results in this paper and those of Reference 4,but the former seems to be more theoretical reasonable. This analysis can be used as a reference for investigation of the aseismic deformability of ancient masonry pagodas and prediction of seismic damages.
引文
[1]袁建力,李胜才,刘大齐,等.砖石古塔抗震鉴定方法的研究与应用[J].扬州大学学报(自然科学版),1999,2(3):54-58.Yuan J L,Li S C,Liu D Q,et al.Research and ap-plication of seismic appraisal method for ancient ma-sonry pagodas[J].Journal of Yangzhou University(Natural Science Edition),1999,2(3):54-58.
[2]郭小东,马东辉,苏经宇.结合脉动测试的砖石古塔震害预测方法[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2005,27(4):80-83.Guo X D,Ma D H,Su J Y.Earthquake damage as-sessment method for historical buildings based on pul-sating detection[J].Earthquake Resistant Engi-neer-ing and Retrofitting,2005,27(4):80-83.
[3]林建生.从古石塔的抗震能力研究1604年泉州海外大震对塔址及市区的地震影响[J].华南地震,1990,10(2):17-24.Lin J S.Studying the influence of a great earthquake at the coastal area of Quanzhou in1604on the ancient stone tower and the city from the aseismic capability[J].South China Seismological,1990,10(2):17-24.
[4]林建生.泉州古石塔的抗震分析[J].工程抗震,1990,10(3):37-42.Lin J S.Aseismic analyses on ancient masonry pago-das in Quanzhou[J].Earthquake Resistant Engi-neer-ing,1990,10(3):37-42.
[5]胡聿贤.600MVE核电站厂区及东部地区地震衰减关系的研究[R].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所,1994.Hu Y X.Studying the seismic attenuation relations in600MVE power station plant area and eastern regions[R].Beijing:Institute of Geophysics China Earth-quake Administration,1994.
[6]郑师春.泉州内环坪山高架桥及刺桐立交大桥地震安评报告[R].福州:福建地震地质工程勘察院,2006.Zheng S C.The earthquake safety report on Pingshan fly-over crossing and citong overpass of inner loop in Quanzhou[R].Fuzhou:Fujian Survey Institute of Seismic and Geological Engineering,2006.
[7]林建生,林子健,陈俊峰.历史大震与泉州古建筑塔寺桥类的结构抗震[J].世界地震工程,2005,21(2):159-166.Lin J S,Lin Z J,Chen J F.The ancient great earth-quake and earthquake-resistance of the ancient build-ings(towers,temples,bridges)in Quanzhou City[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2005,21(2):159-166.
[8]A K Chopra,谢礼立,吕大刚,等.结构动力学理论及其在地震工程中的应用[M].北京:高等教育出版社.2007.A K Chopra,Xie L L,LǖD G,et al.Dynamics of Structures Theory and Applications to Earthquake Engineering[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2007.
[9]GB50011-2001,建筑结构抗震设计规范[S].
[2]郭小东,马东辉,苏经宇.结合脉动测试的砖石古塔震害预测方法[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2005,27(4):80-83.Guo X D,Ma D H,Su J Y.Earthquake damage as-sessment method for historical buildings based on pul-sating detection[J].Earthquake Resistant Engi-neer-ing and Retrofitting,2005,27(4):80-83.
[3]林建生.从古石塔的抗震能力研究1604年泉州海外大震对塔址及市区的地震影响[J].华南地震,1990,10(2):17-24.Lin J S.Studying the influence of a great earthquake at the coastal area of Quanzhou in1604on the ancient stone tower and the city from the aseismic capability[J].South China Seismological,1990,10(2):17-24.
[4]林建生.泉州古石塔的抗震分析[J].工程抗震,1990,10(3):37-42.Lin J S.Aseismic analyses on ancient masonry pago-das in Quanzhou[J].Earthquake Resistant Engi-neer-ing,1990,10(3):37-42.
[5]胡聿贤.600MVE核电站厂区及东部地区地震衰减关系的研究[R].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所,1994.Hu Y X.Studying the seismic attenuation relations in600MVE power station plant area and eastern regions[R].Beijing:Institute of Geophysics China Earth-quake Administration,1994.
[6]郑师春.泉州内环坪山高架桥及刺桐立交大桥地震安评报告[R].福州:福建地震地质工程勘察院,2006.Zheng S C.The earthquake safety report on Pingshan fly-over crossing and citong overpass of inner loop in Quanzhou[R].Fuzhou:Fujian Survey Institute of Seismic and Geological Engineering,2006.
[7]林建生,林子健,陈俊峰.历史大震与泉州古建筑塔寺桥类的结构抗震[J].世界地震工程,2005,21(2):159-166.Lin J S,Lin Z J,Chen J F.The ancient great earth-quake and earthquake-resistance of the ancient build-ings(towers,temples,bridges)in Quanzhou City[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2005,21(2):159-166.
[8]A K Chopra,谢礼立,吕大刚,等.结构动力学理论及其在地震工程中的应用[M].北京:高等教育出版社.2007.A K Chopra,Xie L L,LǖD G,et al.Dynamics of Structures Theory and Applications to Earthquake Engineering[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2007.
[9]GB50011-2001,建筑结构抗震设计规范[S].
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