大型冷却塔控制爆破技术及危害控制措施
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摘要
在电厂正常发电的情况下,为保证近邻建筑安全使用和设备正常运行,以理论计算为基础,结合工程实际和试爆合理选取最佳爆破缺口参数,是控制冷却塔倒塌的关键.分区、分段微差爆破可降低倒塌空气冲击波的速度.预开减震窗破坏冷却塔的整体性,使冷却塔在倾倒过程中处于一种边倾倒、边着地、边破碎的软着陆状态,可有效地减小塔体倒塌产生的触地振动.在塔壁倒塌方向的背面预开泄气窗可降低倒塌空气冲击破坏程度.上述措施的成功应用为类似工程施工提供了借鉴.
The power plant cooling tower demolition work is mostly carried in the case of electricity generation,thusly it is an important problem to ensure the safe use of surrounding buildings and equipment as well as the normal operation of equipment.The best blasting gap parameters are the key to control the collapse of the cooling tower,which depends on theoretical calculation,engineering practice and blasting tests.Millisecond subsection blasting can reduce the speed of the air shock wave in the collapse.Pre-opening damping skylight is one of the best ways to effectively reduce the vibration generated by touchdown becanse it can destroy the integrity of the tower and make the cooling tower collapse,in a soft landing state.Pre-opening leak skylights in the opposite direction of the collapse can reduce the impact of the damage of the air shock wave in the collapse.The successful application of the above measures provides a reference and a guidance for similar projects.
The power plant cooling tower demolition work is mostly carried in the case of electricity generation,thusly it is an important problem to ensure the safe use of surrounding buildings and equipment as well as the normal operation of equipment.The best blasting gap parameters are the key to control the collapse of the cooling tower,which depends on theoretical calculation,engineering practice and blasting tests.Millisecond subsection blasting can reduce the speed of the air shock wave in the collapse.Pre-opening damping skylight is one of the best ways to effectively reduce the vibration generated by touchdown becanse it can destroy the integrity of the tower and make the cooling tower collapse,in a soft landing state.Pre-opening leak skylights in the opposite direction of the collapse can reduce the impact of the damage of the air shock wave in the collapse.The successful application of the above measures provides a reference and a guidance for similar projects.
引文
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[2]王永庆,高荫桐,张春生,等.冷却塔拆除爆破失稳数值分析[J].有色金属,2008,60(1):38-47.
[3]王汉军,杨仁树,李清.薄壁结构双曲线冷却塔的定向爆破拆除技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2006,34(6):36-38.
[4]谢胜军,单翔,李金轩,等.爆破技术在电厂冷却塔拆除工程中的应用[J].工程爆破,2009,15(2):70-73.
[5]吴剑锋.双曲线型冷却塔爆破拆除切口参数研究[J].爆破,2009,26(1):65-68.
[6]戴俊,王小林,梁为民,等.爆破工程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005.
[7]谭卫华,林临勇,庄建康.拆除爆破的飞石防护[J].爆破,2010,27(2):103-105.
[8]中国工程爆破协会.GB6722-2010爆破安全规程[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2004.
[9]付天光,葛勇.定向爆破冷却塔的安全分析及安全防护措施[J].爆破器材,2007,36(1):31-33.
[10]焦金锋,李少红,王刚.拆除爆破飞石产生的原因与防护研究[J].西部探矿工程,2009,(4):190-192.
[11]谭卫华,林临勇,庄建康.拆除爆破的飞石防护[J].爆破,2010,27(2):103-105.
[12]付迎春.爆破引起地表震动的影响因素分析[J].石家庄铁路职业技术学院学报,2010,9(3):6-10.
[13]吕小师,王辉,王光勇.采石爆破地震波对周围村庄的影响分析[J].河南理工大学学报:自然科学版,2011,30(1):15-17.
[14]王希之,年鑫哲,刘晓峰,等.遵义电厂冷却塔爆破拆除[J].爆破,2010,27(1):64-66.
[15]褚怀保,余永强,杨小林,等.钢筋混凝土冷却塔爆破拆除控振措施研究[J].河南理工大学学报:自然科学版,2010,29(1):85-87.
[16]路胜卓,张博一,王伟,等.爆炸作用下薄壁柱壳结构动力响应实验研究[J].南京理工大学学报,2011,35(5):621-626.
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