海上原始地震资料干扰波的形成与识别
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摘要
海上地震资料采集过程中,存在各种各样的干扰源,这些干扰源有天然形成的,也有客观的外界干扰,如风浪及海流干扰,海底障碍物的干扰,渔业干扰,各种各样的机械干扰,以及设备自身影响等。在分析海上原始地震资料采集过程中各种干扰源的同时,较为详细地分析了由这些干扰源引起的干扰波在单炮或者初叠剖面上的特征和表现形式,并将其总结归类,较为全面地罗列出了几乎所有的海上地震资料采集噪声的表现特征。针对这些干扰波在单炮和初叠剖面上的特点和表现形式,进一步说明了野外采集过程中或者室内数据处理时对这些干扰波的识别方法,并简述了这些干扰和噪声对地震资料的危害程度。
There are different interference source during the acquisition of offshore seismic data. Some is generated naturally, while the other is formed due to the outside disturbance, such as the disturbance from wind wave and current, disturbance from obstacles on the seafloor, disturbance from fishing, mechanical disturbance, and the disturbance from equipment used during the process. While analyzing the interference source during the process, this paper elaborates and categorizes the features and manifestation of interference wave on single shot or original stack profile, spreading out almost all the features of noise during offshore seismic data acquisition. In view of the features and manifestation of interference wave on single shot or original stack profile, this paper further illustrates the methods for identifying the interference wave during field acquisition or data processing in the lab, and summarizes the harm of interference and noise to seismic data.
There are different interference source during the acquisition of offshore seismic data. Some is generated naturally, while the other is formed due to the outside disturbance, such as the disturbance from wind wave and current, disturbance from obstacles on the seafloor, disturbance from fishing, mechanical disturbance, and the disturbance from equipment used during the process. While analyzing the interference source during the process, this paper elaborates and categorizes the features and manifestation of interference wave on single shot or original stack profile, spreading out almost all the features of noise during offshore seismic data acquisition. In view of the features and manifestation of interference wave on single shot or original stack profile, this paper further illustrates the methods for identifying the interference wave during field acquisition or data processing in the lab, and summarizes the harm of interference and noise to seismic data.
引文
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