开挖及动荷载作用下边坡响应的DDA方法研究
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摘要
对适用于分析边坡在开挖及动荷载作用下的响应情况的不连续变形分析(DDA)方法进行研究。首先,利用基于生死单元的DDA方法模拟边坡的开挖过程,并分析边坡的开挖变形,通过与有限元法计算结果对比,证明该方法的正确性;其次,为克服传统的DDA方法不考虑介质中产生的散射波在边界的反射问题,实现基于黏性边界理论的地震波输入方法;此外,在DDA方法中引入自由场边界,通过实例分析表明在利用DDA方法进行动力分析时,模型两侧施加自由场边界的模拟效果要优于两侧施加黏性边界的模拟效果。将改进的DDA方法运用于边坡工程的动力响应分析,通过与经典有限元法的对比,证明了改进DDA方法的正确性。
Discontinuous deformation analysis(DDA) method is improved to analyze the response of slopes under excavation and dynamic load.Firstly,the process of slope excavation is simulated using the DDA method based on element birth and death,and the deformation of slope is analyzed.The results are compared to those of finite element method.It is indicated that the DDA method is effective in slope simulation.Secondly,the input way of seismic wave is carried out based on viscous boundary theory.It is better than the traditional DDA method because the traditional DDA method does not consider the reflection of scattered waves at boundaries,which are generated in the media.In addition,the free-field boundary is introduced into the DDA method.Case study shows that DDA model with free-field boundaries at both sides is better than that with viscous boundaries.Finally,the improved DDA method is used to analyze the response of slopes under dynamic load.By comparing the results with those of finite element method,the accuracy of the improved DDA method is proven.
Discontinuous deformation analysis(DDA) method is improved to analyze the response of slopes under excavation and dynamic load.Firstly,the process of slope excavation is simulated using the DDA method based on element birth and death,and the deformation of slope is analyzed.The results are compared to those of finite element method.It is indicated that the DDA method is effective in slope simulation.Secondly,the input way of seismic wave is carried out based on viscous boundary theory.It is better than the traditional DDA method because the traditional DDA method does not consider the reflection of scattered waves at boundaries,which are generated in the media.In addition,the free-field boundary is introduced into the DDA method.Case study shows that DDA model with free-field boundaries at both sides is better than that with viscous boundaries.Finally,the improved DDA method is used to analyze the response of slopes under dynamic load.By comparing the results with those of finite element method,the accuracy of the improved DDA method is proven.
引文
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[5]JIAO Y Y,ZHANG X L,ZHAO J,et al.Viscous boundary of DDAfor modeling stress wave propagation in jointed rock[J].InternationalJournal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2007,44(7):1 070–1 076.
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[10]HATZOR Y H,ARZI A A,ZASLAVSKY Y,et al.Dynamic stabilityanalysis of jointed rock slopes using the DDA method:King Herod sPalace,Masada,Israel[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Mining Sciences,2004,41(5):813–832.
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[12]陈国兴.岩土地震工程学[M].北京:科学出版社,2007:270–277.(CHEN Guoxing.Geotechnical earthquake engineering[M].Beijing:Science Press,2007:270–277.(in Chinese))
[13]LYSMER J,KUHLEMEYER R L.Finite dynamic model for infinitemedia[J].Journal of the Engineering Mechanics Division,ASCE,1969,95(4):859–877.
[14]张志国,肖明,张雨霆,等.大型地下洞室三维弹塑性损伤动力有限元分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(5):982–989.(ZHANG Zhiguo,XIAO Ming,ZHANG Yuting,et al.Dynamicfinite element analysis of large-scale complex underground cavernswith three-dimensional elastoplastic damage model[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(5):982–989.(in Chinese))
[15]廖振鹏.工程波动理论导论[M].2版.北京:科学出版社,2002:44–49.(LIAO Zhenpeng.Introduction to wave motion theories inengineering[M].2nd ed.Beijing:Science Press,2002:44–49.(inChinese))
[16]王书法,李树忱,李术才,等.节理岩质边坡变形的DDA模拟[J].岩土力学,2002,23(3):352–354.(WANG Shufa,LI Shuchen,LI Shucai,et al.Numerical simulation of deformation of jointed rockslope by discontinuous deformation analysis(DDA)[J].Rock and SoilMechanics,2002,23(3):352–354.(in Chinese))
[17]姜清辉,周创兵.岩土工程不连续变形分析计算中的若干问题[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(10):2014–2026.(JIANG Qinghui,ZHOU Chuangbing.Some issues in discontinuous deformationanalysis for geotechnical engineering[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2007,26(10):2 014–2 026.(inChinese))
[18]刘君,孔宪京.节理岩体中隧道开挖与支护的数值模拟[J].岩土力学,2007,28(2):321–326.(LIU Jun,KONG Xianjing.Numerical simulation of behavior of jointed rock masses duringtunneling and lining of tunnels[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(2):321–326.(in Chinese))
[2]石根华.数值流形方法与非连续变形分析[M].裴觉民译.北京:清华大学出版社,1997:92–93.(SHI Genhua.Numerical manifoldmethod(NMM)and discontinuous deformation analysis(DDA)[M].Translated by PEI Juemin.Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,1997:92–93.(in Chinese))
[3]MACLAUGHLIN M M,DOOLIN D M.Review of validation of thediscontinuous deformation analysis(DDA)method[J].InternationalJournal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,2006,30(4):271–305.
[4]CHENG Y M,ZHANG Y H.Rigid body rotation and block internaldiscretization in DDA analysis[J].International Journal for Numericaland Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,2000,24(6):567–578.
[5]JIAO Y Y,ZHANG X L,ZHAO J,et al.Viscous boundary of DDAfor modeling stress wave propagation in jointed rock[J].InternationalJournal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2007,44(7):1 070–1 076.
[6]郑宏,江巍.基于互补理论的非连续变形分析方法[J].中国科学(E辑:技术科学),2009,39(10):1702–1708.(ZHENG Hong,JIANG Wei.Discontinuous deformation analysis based oncomplementary theory[J].Science in China(Series E:TechnologicalSciences),2009,39(10):1 702–1 708.(in Chinese))
[7]SHI G H.Applications of discontinuous deformation analysis(DDA)to rock stability analysis[C]//Proceedings of the 8th InternationalForum on Discontinuous Deformation Analysis(DDA)and Simulationsof Discontinuous Media.[S.l.]:[s.n.],2007:1–14,19.
[8]MACLAUGHLIN M,SITAR N,DOOLIN D,et al.Investigation ofslope-stability kinematics using discontinuous deformation analy-sis[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2001,38(5):753–762.
[9]邬爱清,丁秀丽,卢波,等.DDA方法块体稳定性验证及其在岩质边坡稳定性分析中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(4):664–672.(WU Aiqing,DING Xiuli,LU Bo,et al.Validationfor rock block stability and its application to rock slope stabilityevaluation using DDA method[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2008,27(4):664–672.(in Chinese))
[10]HATZOR Y H,ARZI A A,ZASLAVSKY Y,et al.Dynamic stabilityanalysis of jointed rock slopes using the DDA method:King Herod sPalace,Masada,Israel[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Mining Sciences,2004,41(5):813–832.
[11]WU J H.Seismic landslide simulations in discontinuous deformationanalysis[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2010,37(5):594–601.
[12]陈国兴.岩土地震工程学[M].北京:科学出版社,2007:270–277.(CHEN Guoxing.Geotechnical earthquake engineering[M].Beijing:Science Press,2007:270–277.(in Chinese))
[13]LYSMER J,KUHLEMEYER R L.Finite dynamic model for infinitemedia[J].Journal of the Engineering Mechanics Division,ASCE,1969,95(4):859–877.
[14]张志国,肖明,张雨霆,等.大型地下洞室三维弹塑性损伤动力有限元分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(5):982–989.(ZHANG Zhiguo,XIAO Ming,ZHANG Yuting,et al.Dynamicfinite element analysis of large-scale complex underground cavernswith three-dimensional elastoplastic damage model[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(5):982–989.(in Chinese))
[15]廖振鹏.工程波动理论导论[M].2版.北京:科学出版社,2002:44–49.(LIAO Zhenpeng.Introduction to wave motion theories inengineering[M].2nd ed.Beijing:Science Press,2002:44–49.(inChinese))
[16]王书法,李树忱,李术才,等.节理岩质边坡变形的DDA模拟[J].岩土力学,2002,23(3):352–354.(WANG Shufa,LI Shuchen,LI Shucai,et al.Numerical simulation of deformation of jointed rockslope by discontinuous deformation analysis(DDA)[J].Rock and SoilMechanics,2002,23(3):352–354.(in Chinese))
[17]姜清辉,周创兵.岩土工程不连续变形分析计算中的若干问题[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(10):2014–2026.(JIANG Qinghui,ZHOU Chuangbing.Some issues in discontinuous deformationanalysis for geotechnical engineering[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2007,26(10):2 014–2 026.(inChinese))
[18]刘君,孔宪京.节理岩体中隧道开挖与支护的数值模拟[J].岩土力学,2007,28(2):321–326.(LIU Jun,KONG Xianjing.Numerical simulation of behavior of jointed rock masses duringtunneling and lining of tunnels[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(2):321–326.(in Chinese))
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