Fillippone地层压力预测方法的改进及应用
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摘要
钻井过程中,准确了解钻头前方地层压力的变化对于制定合理的钻井措施、保证钻井安全十分重要。但现有钻前地层预测方法均存在不足,预测精度难以达到现场施工的要求。通过分析地震层速度与地层压力的关系,改进了利用地震层速度预测钻头前方地层压力的Fillippone法,介绍了改进的Fillippone法中岩石骨架速度和修正参数的确定方法。改进的Fillippone法以区块地质信息和已钻井数据为依据进行模型参数初始化,结合随钻获取的有关地层压力数据及钻井液密度信息对预测模型参数进行实时更新,可提高钻头前方地层压力预测的准确性。该方法在新疆准噶尔盆地多口井进行了试验应用,结果表明,其地层压力预测值相对误差小于10%,与传统的趋势线方法和Fillippone法预测结果相比,预测精度明显提高。应用结果也说明,改进的Fillippone法科学有效,能够满足现场施工的安全和技术要求。
Pore pressure prediction ahead of bit is very important for selecting reasonable drilling measures and ensuring drilling safety in the well drilling process.However,the existing methods for formation prediction ahead of bit all have shortcomings,making it difficult to achieve prediction accuracy required for field operation.Through analysis of the relation between seismic interval velocity and pore pressure,a modified Fillippone pore pressure prediction method ahead of bit with seismic interval velocity was proposed,and the determination methods for rock matrix velocity vmax and correction parameter n were also presented.Firstly,the parameters in the model were initialized according to the region geological information and the data of drilled well.Then the acquired pore pressure data and drilling fluid density data while drilling were incorporated into the model as the constraint and made it possible to update the parameters in the model in real time.Thereby,pore pressure prediction accuracy was improved.The proposed method has been applied to certain wells in Junggar Basin in Xinjiang Oilfield and the relative error of pore pressure prediction was less than 10%.Compared with the traditional methods such as trend line method and Fillippone method,this method was much higher in prediction accuracy.In addition,field application showed the method to be scientific and effective,and could meet the needs of safety and technical requirements.
Pore pressure prediction ahead of bit is very important for selecting reasonable drilling measures and ensuring drilling safety in the well drilling process.However,the existing methods for formation prediction ahead of bit all have shortcomings,making it difficult to achieve prediction accuracy required for field operation.Through analysis of the relation between seismic interval velocity and pore pressure,a modified Fillippone pore pressure prediction method ahead of bit with seismic interval velocity was proposed,and the determination methods for rock matrix velocity vmax and correction parameter n were also presented.Firstly,the parameters in the model were initialized according to the region geological information and the data of drilled well.Then the acquired pore pressure data and drilling fluid density data while drilling were incorporated into the model as the constraint and made it possible to update the parameters in the model in real time.Thereby,pore pressure prediction accuracy was improved.The proposed method has been applied to certain wells in Junggar Basin in Xinjiang Oilfield and the relative error of pore pressure prediction was less than 10%.Compared with the traditional methods such as trend line method and Fillippone method,this method was much higher in prediction accuracy.In addition,field application showed the method to be scientific and effective,and could meet the needs of safety and technical requirements.
引文
[1]Eaton B A.The equation for geopressure prediction from well logs[R].SPE5544,1975.
[2]Kan T K,Swan H W.Geopressure prediction from automati-cally-derived seismic velocities[J].Geophysics,2001,66(6):1937-1946.
[3]艾池,冯福平,李洪伟.地层压力预测技术现状及发展趋势[J].石油地质与工程,2007,21(6):71-76.Ai Chi,Feng Fuping,Li Hongwei.Prediction technology status of formation pressure and its development trend[J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2007,21(6):71-76.
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[7]Eberhart-Phillips D,Han D-H,Zoback M D.Empirical relationships among seismic velocity,effective pressure,porosity,and clay content in sandstone[J].Geophysics,1989,54(1):82-89.
[8]陈学国.三维地层压力预测方法及应用研究[J].石油钻探技术,2005,33(3):13-15.Chen Xueguo.Technology and applications of3Dformaiton pressure prediction[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2005,33(3):13-15.
[9]饶蕾,崔杰.用钻井参数实时监测地层压力的新方法[J].石油钻采工艺,2004,26(2):35-37.Rao Lei,Cui Jie.New method of formation pressure real time monitoring using drilling parameters[J].Oil Drilling&Pro-duction Technology,2004,26(2):35-37.
[10]王永清,陈志学,于文华,等.青西油田地层压力预测技术的研究与应用[J].石油钻探技术,2005,33(4):29-31.Wang Yongqing,Chen Zhixue,Yu Wenhua,et al.Research and application of formation pressure prediction technology inthe Qingxi Oilfield[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2005,33(4):29-31.
[11]王彦祺.标准化钻速法检测地层压力技术的改进与应用[J].钻采工艺,1998,21(6):16-18.Wang Yanqi.Improvement and application of testing forma-tion pressure using standardized drilling velocity method[J].Drilling&Production Technology,1998,21(6):16-18.
[12]樊洪海.测井资料检测地层孔隙压力传统方法讨论[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(4):72-74.Fan Honghai.Discussions on the traditional pore pressure e-valuation methods by using well logging[J].Petroleum Ex-ploration and Development,2003,30(4):72-74.
[13]纪宝华,宗欣.利用流体测井检测调整井地层孔隙压力方法研究[J].石油钻探技术,2007,35(1):29-31.Ji Baohua,Zong Xin.Examination and adjustment of forma-tion pore pressure through fluid logging[J].Petroleum Drill-ing Techniques,2007,35(1):29-31.
[14]Greenwood J,Russell R,Dautel M.The use of LWD data for the prediction and determination of formation pore pressure[R].SPE124012,2009.
[15]Hottmann C E,Johnson R K.Estimation of formation pres-sures for log-derived shale properties[J].Journal of Petrole-um Technology,1965,17(6):717-722.
[16]Fillippone W R.On the prediction of abnormally pressured sedimentary rocks from seismic date[R].OTC3662,1979.
[17]Fillippone W R.Estimation of formation parameters and the prediction of overpressures from seismic data[R].SEG0502,1982.
[18]刘震,张万选,张厚福,等.辽西凹陷北洼下第三系异常地层压力分析[J].石油学报,1993,14(1):14-24.Liu Zhen,Zhang Wanxuan,Zhang Houfu,et al.An analysis of abnormal formation pressure of paleogene in the north sag of Liaoxi depression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1993,14(1):14-24.
[19]云美厚.地震地层压力预测[J].石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(4):575-586.Yun Meihou.Formation pressure prediction using seismic da-ta[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1996,31(4):575-586.
[20]Martinez R D.Deterministic estimation of porosity and forma-tion pressure from seismic data[R].SEG0461,1985.
[21]Krohling R A.Gaussian swarm:a novel particle swarm opti-mization algorithm:proceedings of the2004IEEE Conference on cybernetics and intelligent systems,Singapore,December 1-3,2004[C].
[22]Malinverno A,Andrews B,Bennett N,et al.Real-time3Dearth model updating while drilling a horizontal well[R].SPE77525,2002.
[2]Kan T K,Swan H W.Geopressure prediction from automati-cally-derived seismic velocities[J].Geophysics,2001,66(6):1937-1946.
[3]艾池,冯福平,李洪伟.地层压力预测技术现状及发展趋势[J].石油地质与工程,2007,21(6):71-76.Ai Chi,Feng Fuping,Li Hongwei.Prediction technology status of formation pressure and its development trend[J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2007,21(6):71-76.
[4]Jones J,Matthews M D,Standifird W.Novel approach for esti-mating pore fluid pressures ahead of the drill bit[R].SPE/IADC104606,2007.
[5]樊洪海,邢树宾,何辉.二维地层孔隙压力预测方法及应用[J].石油钻探技术,2007,35(4):6-8.Fan Honghai,Xing Shubin,He Hui.A method and the applica-tion of two dimensional formation pressure prediction[J].Pe-troleum Drilling Techniques,2007,35(4):6-8.
[6]Sayers C M,Johnson G M,Denyer G.Predrill pore-pressure prediction using seismic data[J].Geophysics,2002,67(4):1286-1292.
[7]Eberhart-Phillips D,Han D-H,Zoback M D.Empirical relationships among seismic velocity,effective pressure,porosity,and clay content in sandstone[J].Geophysics,1989,54(1):82-89.
[8]陈学国.三维地层压力预测方法及应用研究[J].石油钻探技术,2005,33(3):13-15.Chen Xueguo.Technology and applications of3Dformaiton pressure prediction[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2005,33(3):13-15.
[9]饶蕾,崔杰.用钻井参数实时监测地层压力的新方法[J].石油钻采工艺,2004,26(2):35-37.Rao Lei,Cui Jie.New method of formation pressure real time monitoring using drilling parameters[J].Oil Drilling&Pro-duction Technology,2004,26(2):35-37.
[10]王永清,陈志学,于文华,等.青西油田地层压力预测技术的研究与应用[J].石油钻探技术,2005,33(4):29-31.Wang Yongqing,Chen Zhixue,Yu Wenhua,et al.Research and application of formation pressure prediction technology inthe Qingxi Oilfield[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2005,33(4):29-31.
[11]王彦祺.标准化钻速法检测地层压力技术的改进与应用[J].钻采工艺,1998,21(6):16-18.Wang Yanqi.Improvement and application of testing forma-tion pressure using standardized drilling velocity method[J].Drilling&Production Technology,1998,21(6):16-18.
[12]樊洪海.测井资料检测地层孔隙压力传统方法讨论[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(4):72-74.Fan Honghai.Discussions on the traditional pore pressure e-valuation methods by using well logging[J].Petroleum Ex-ploration and Development,2003,30(4):72-74.
[13]纪宝华,宗欣.利用流体测井检测调整井地层孔隙压力方法研究[J].石油钻探技术,2007,35(1):29-31.Ji Baohua,Zong Xin.Examination and adjustment of forma-tion pore pressure through fluid logging[J].Petroleum Drill-ing Techniques,2007,35(1):29-31.
[14]Greenwood J,Russell R,Dautel M.The use of LWD data for the prediction and determination of formation pore pressure[R].SPE124012,2009.
[15]Hottmann C E,Johnson R K.Estimation of formation pres-sures for log-derived shale properties[J].Journal of Petrole-um Technology,1965,17(6):717-722.
[16]Fillippone W R.On the prediction of abnormally pressured sedimentary rocks from seismic date[R].OTC3662,1979.
[17]Fillippone W R.Estimation of formation parameters and the prediction of overpressures from seismic data[R].SEG0502,1982.
[18]刘震,张万选,张厚福,等.辽西凹陷北洼下第三系异常地层压力分析[J].石油学报,1993,14(1):14-24.Liu Zhen,Zhang Wanxuan,Zhang Houfu,et al.An analysis of abnormal formation pressure of paleogene in the north sag of Liaoxi depression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1993,14(1):14-24.
[19]云美厚.地震地层压力预测[J].石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(4):575-586.Yun Meihou.Formation pressure prediction using seismic da-ta[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1996,31(4):575-586.
[20]Martinez R D.Deterministic estimation of porosity and forma-tion pressure from seismic data[R].SEG0461,1985.
[21]Krohling R A.Gaussian swarm:a novel particle swarm opti-mization algorithm:proceedings of the2004IEEE Conference on cybernetics and intelligent systems,Singapore,December 1-3,2004[C].
[22]Malinverno A,Andrews B,Bennett N,et al.Real-time3Dearth model updating while drilling a horizontal well[R].SPE77525,2002.
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