结构工程抗倒塌设计研究综述
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摘要
分析了地震、爆炸、冲击等造成结构倒塌的原因,指出了倒塌结构在设计、施工等方面存在的问题;归纳了现行规范在抗倒塌设计方面的相关内容,特别指出了中国规范在这方面的不足;总结了现有的破坏准则和抗倒塌设计方法,指出了其中的不足;最后从破坏准则、设计方法、规范修订等多个方面对今后的研究工作做了展望。
The reasons of collapse of structure under the special loads were analyzed,such as earthquake,blast,impact,and so on.The existing problems in design and construction of the collapsed structures were pointed out.The related contents about the collapse-resistant design of the existing codes were summarized,and the deficiencies of Chinese codes were pointed out in this regard.The existing failure criteria and collapse-resistant design methods were summed up,and their deficiencies were proposed.Finally,the prospects of the future research in collapse analysis were presented from failure criteria,design method and code amendment.
The reasons of collapse of structure under the special loads were analyzed,such as earthquake,blast,impact,and so on.The existing problems in design and construction of the collapsed structures were pointed out.The related contents about the collapse-resistant design of the existing codes were summarized,and the deficiencies of Chinese codes were pointed out in this regard.The existing failure criteria and collapse-resistant design methods were summed up,and their deficiencies were proposed.Finally,the prospects of the future research in collapse analysis were presented from failure criteria,design method and code amendment.
引文
[1]叶耀先.房屋建筑震害启示[J].住宅产业,2008(6):40-45.YE Yao-xian.Lessons Learnt from Building Damagesin Earthquake[J].Housing Industry,2008(6):40-45.
[2]刘伯权.关于钢筋混凝土框架抗震设计的几个问题[J].西北建筑工程学院学报,1994(1):1-3.LIU Bo-quan.About a Few Problems in a Seismic De-sign of Reinforced Concrete Frames[J].Journal ofNotthwestern Institute of Architectural Engineering,1994(1):1-3.
[3]清华大学、西南交通大学、北京交通大学土木工程结构专家组.汶川地震建筑震害分析[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(4):1-9.Civil and Structural Groups of Tsinghua University,Southwest Jiaotong University,Beijing Jiaotong Uni-versity.Analysis on Seismic Damage of Buildings inthe Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of BuildingStructures,2008,29(4):1-9.
[4]ASCE/SEI 7-05,Minimum Design Loads for Build-ings and Other Structures[S].
[5]BILOW D N,KAMARA M.U.S.General ServicesAdministration Progressive Collapse Design Guide-lines Applied to Concrete Moment-resisting FrameBuildings[C]//BLANDFORD G E.Proceedings ofthe 2004Structures Congress.Reston:ASCE,2004:1-6.
[6]POWELL G.Progressive Collapse:Case Studies UsingNonlinear Analysis[C]//ASCE.Proceedings of the2005Structures Congress and 2005Forensic Engi-neering Symposium.Monterey:ASCE,2005:1-7.
[7]BSL 2009,The Building Standard Law of Japan[S].
[8]IBC 2000,International Building Code 2000[S].
[9]GB 50011—2001,建筑抗震设计规范[S].GB 50011—2001,Code for Seismic Design of Build-ings[S].
[10]滕军,李祚华,和雪峰.基于汶川震害分析的强地震作用下结构地震累积损伤研究[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2008,30(6):7-12,23.TENG Jun,LI Zuo-hua,HE Xue-feng.Study on Cu-mulative Damage of Structure Under Strong Earth-quake Excitation Based on Wenchuan EarthquakeAnalysis[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering andRetrofitting,2008,30(6):7-12,23.
[11]BS 8110-1:1997,Structural Use of Concrete—Part 1:Code of Practice for Design and Construction[S].
[12]EN 1991-1-7:2006,Eurocode 1:Actions on Struc-tures.Part 1-7:General Actions—Accidental Actions[S].
[13]GSA 2003,Progressive Collapse Analysis and DesignGuidelines for New Federal Office Buildings and Ma-jor Modernization Projects[S].
[14]UFC 4-023-03,Design of Buildings to Resist Progres-sive Collapse[S].
[15]陆新征,李易,叶列平,等.钢筋混凝土框架结构抗连续倒塌设计方法的研究[J].工程力学,2008,25(增2):150-157.LU Xin-zheng,LI Yi,YE Lie-ping,et al.Study on De-sign Method to Resist Progressive Collapse for Rein-forced Concrete Frames[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25(S2):150-157.
[16]倪强,唐家祥.基于震害的钢筋混凝土框架结构倒塌机理的集成多媒体仿真研究[J].建筑结构学报,2000,21(2):52-58.NI Qiang,TANG Jia-xiang.Research on IntegratedMultimedia Simulation System for RC Frame Struc-ture Collapse Based on Earthquake Disasters[J].Jour-nal of Building Structures,2000,21(2):52-58.
[17]PARK Y J,ANG A H S.Mechanistic Seismic DamageModel for Reinforced Concrete[J].Journal of Struc-tural Engineering,1985,111(4):722-739.
[18]刘伯权,白绍良,刘鸣.抗震结构的等效延性破坏准则及其子结构试验验证[J].地震工程与工程振动,1997,17(3):77-83.LIU Bo-quan,BAI Shao-liang,LIU Ming.EquivalentDuctility Damage Criteria of Earthquake-resistantStructures and Their Verification by SubstructureMethod[J].Earthquake Engineering and EngineeringVibration,1997,17(3):77-83.
[19]刘鸣,刘伯权,赖明.多层建筑考虑低周疲劳特性的抗倒塌验算实用方法[J].重庆建筑大学学报,1996,18(1):32-38.LIU Ming,LIU Bo-quan,LAI Ming.An Effective De-sign Method for Preventing Collapse of Multi-storyBuildings Taking Account of Structural Low-cycleFatigue Character[J].Journal of Chongqing JianzhuUniversity,1996,18(1):32-38.
[20]KOYLUOGLU H U,NIELSEN S R K,ABBOTT J,et al.Local and Modal Damage Indicators for RCFrames Subject to Earthquake[J].Journal of Engin-eering Mechanics,1998,124(12):1371-1379.
[21]MOEHLE J P.Displacement-based Design of RCStructures Subjected to Earthquakes[J].EarthquakeSpectra,1992,8(3):403-428.
[22]LATBSDC 2005,An Alternative Procedure for Seis-mic Analysis and Design of Tall Buildings Located inthe Los Angeles Region[S].
[23]SEAONC 2007,Recommended Administrative Bulle-tin on the Seismic Design&Review of Tall BuildingsUsing Non-prescriptive Procedures[S].
[24]何晗欣,刘健新.能力谱方法在桥梁抗震性能评估中的适用性[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2009,29(4):48-52.HE Han-xin,LIU Jian-xin.Application of CapacitySpectrum Method in Anti-seismic Evaluation ofBridges[J].Journal of Changan University:NaturalScience Edition,2009,29(4):48-52.
[25]周勇军,彭晓彬,宋一凡.在用简支梁桥横向地震动研究[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2008,28(5):58-62.ZHOU Yong-jun,PENG Xiao-bin,SONG Yi-fan.Seismic Vibration of Existing Simply-supported BeamBridges[J].Journal of Changan University:NaturalScience Edition,2008,28(5):58-62.
[2]刘伯权.关于钢筋混凝土框架抗震设计的几个问题[J].西北建筑工程学院学报,1994(1):1-3.LIU Bo-quan.About a Few Problems in a Seismic De-sign of Reinforced Concrete Frames[J].Journal ofNotthwestern Institute of Architectural Engineering,1994(1):1-3.
[3]清华大学、西南交通大学、北京交通大学土木工程结构专家组.汶川地震建筑震害分析[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(4):1-9.Civil and Structural Groups of Tsinghua University,Southwest Jiaotong University,Beijing Jiaotong Uni-versity.Analysis on Seismic Damage of Buildings inthe Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of BuildingStructures,2008,29(4):1-9.
[4]ASCE/SEI 7-05,Minimum Design Loads for Build-ings and Other Structures[S].
[5]BILOW D N,KAMARA M.U.S.General ServicesAdministration Progressive Collapse Design Guide-lines Applied to Concrete Moment-resisting FrameBuildings[C]//BLANDFORD G E.Proceedings ofthe 2004Structures Congress.Reston:ASCE,2004:1-6.
[6]POWELL G.Progressive Collapse:Case Studies UsingNonlinear Analysis[C]//ASCE.Proceedings of the2005Structures Congress and 2005Forensic Engi-neering Symposium.Monterey:ASCE,2005:1-7.
[7]BSL 2009,The Building Standard Law of Japan[S].
[8]IBC 2000,International Building Code 2000[S].
[9]GB 50011—2001,建筑抗震设计规范[S].GB 50011—2001,Code for Seismic Design of Build-ings[S].
[10]滕军,李祚华,和雪峰.基于汶川震害分析的强地震作用下结构地震累积损伤研究[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2008,30(6):7-12,23.TENG Jun,LI Zuo-hua,HE Xue-feng.Study on Cu-mulative Damage of Structure Under Strong Earth-quake Excitation Based on Wenchuan EarthquakeAnalysis[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering andRetrofitting,2008,30(6):7-12,23.
[11]BS 8110-1:1997,Structural Use of Concrete—Part 1:Code of Practice for Design and Construction[S].
[12]EN 1991-1-7:2006,Eurocode 1:Actions on Struc-tures.Part 1-7:General Actions—Accidental Actions[S].
[13]GSA 2003,Progressive Collapse Analysis and DesignGuidelines for New Federal Office Buildings and Ma-jor Modernization Projects[S].
[14]UFC 4-023-03,Design of Buildings to Resist Progres-sive Collapse[S].
[15]陆新征,李易,叶列平,等.钢筋混凝土框架结构抗连续倒塌设计方法的研究[J].工程力学,2008,25(增2):150-157.LU Xin-zheng,LI Yi,YE Lie-ping,et al.Study on De-sign Method to Resist Progressive Collapse for Rein-forced Concrete Frames[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25(S2):150-157.
[16]倪强,唐家祥.基于震害的钢筋混凝土框架结构倒塌机理的集成多媒体仿真研究[J].建筑结构学报,2000,21(2):52-58.NI Qiang,TANG Jia-xiang.Research on IntegratedMultimedia Simulation System for RC Frame Struc-ture Collapse Based on Earthquake Disasters[J].Jour-nal of Building Structures,2000,21(2):52-58.
[17]PARK Y J,ANG A H S.Mechanistic Seismic DamageModel for Reinforced Concrete[J].Journal of Struc-tural Engineering,1985,111(4):722-739.
[18]刘伯权,白绍良,刘鸣.抗震结构的等效延性破坏准则及其子结构试验验证[J].地震工程与工程振动,1997,17(3):77-83.LIU Bo-quan,BAI Shao-liang,LIU Ming.EquivalentDuctility Damage Criteria of Earthquake-resistantStructures and Their Verification by SubstructureMethod[J].Earthquake Engineering and EngineeringVibration,1997,17(3):77-83.
[19]刘鸣,刘伯权,赖明.多层建筑考虑低周疲劳特性的抗倒塌验算实用方法[J].重庆建筑大学学报,1996,18(1):32-38.LIU Ming,LIU Bo-quan,LAI Ming.An Effective De-sign Method for Preventing Collapse of Multi-storyBuildings Taking Account of Structural Low-cycleFatigue Character[J].Journal of Chongqing JianzhuUniversity,1996,18(1):32-38.
[20]KOYLUOGLU H U,NIELSEN S R K,ABBOTT J,et al.Local and Modal Damage Indicators for RCFrames Subject to Earthquake[J].Journal of Engin-eering Mechanics,1998,124(12):1371-1379.
[21]MOEHLE J P.Displacement-based Design of RCStructures Subjected to Earthquakes[J].EarthquakeSpectra,1992,8(3):403-428.
[22]LATBSDC 2005,An Alternative Procedure for Seis-mic Analysis and Design of Tall Buildings Located inthe Los Angeles Region[S].
[23]SEAONC 2007,Recommended Administrative Bulle-tin on the Seismic Design&Review of Tall BuildingsUsing Non-prescriptive Procedures[S].
[24]何晗欣,刘健新.能力谱方法在桥梁抗震性能评估中的适用性[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2009,29(4):48-52.HE Han-xin,LIU Jian-xin.Application of CapacitySpectrum Method in Anti-seismic Evaluation ofBridges[J].Journal of Changan University:NaturalScience Edition,2009,29(4):48-52.
[25]周勇军,彭晓彬,宋一凡.在用简支梁桥横向地震动研究[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2008,28(5):58-62.ZHOU Yong-jun,PENG Xiao-bin,SONG Yi-fan.Seismic Vibration of Existing Simply-supported BeamBridges[J].Journal of Changan University:NaturalScience Edition,2008,28(5):58-62.
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