降低炮孔孔底空气间隔装药的爆破震动
详细信息 本馆镜像全文    |  推荐本文 | | 获取馆网全文
摘要
针对爆破作业中因岩体结构和构造的差异,爆破地震传递的能量不同,为了减少爆破地震在地下岩体传播过程中的爆破地震效应,通过理论研究以及模型试验,分析了爆破对炮孔孔壁的应力应变作用过程,并得出孔底空气间隔装药长度与震动持续时间、震动峰值的关系。同时结合现场浅孔、深孔爆破中炮孔空气间隔层不同间隔方式的地震效应对比,综合比较震动幅值、震动频率和震动持续时间等因素,证明不同空气间隔方式的间隔装药均能降低爆破地震效应,减小前冲、后冲,孔底空气间隔装药在3种装药方式中降震效果都较好,其降震可达10%~25%。其中,孔底间隔装药结构的爆破地震效应最小,其次为孔上部间隔装药,炮孔中部间隔装药地震效应最大。
In blasting operation,energy of blasting seismic transferrs differently due to differences in rock structure and construction.In order to control blasting seismic effect effectively,the borehole stress-strain of blasting process is researched by the theoretical study and model test.The relationship of the hole length between duration of vibration and peak strain is investigated respectively.Meanwhile,the seismic effect is compared in different intervals between the shallow hole and deep hole.In addition,amplitude,frequency and duration of vibration are also comprehensive compared.The results show that air interval charge can decrease the blasting seismic effect,and reduce the impact and backlash.Moreover,compared with three loading modes,the vibration reduction is up to 10%-25%.Concretely,the vibration reduction effect is the best through the air interval charge in bottom of hole,and the upper is followed.Blasting seismic effect is maximum in the middle of air-spaced.
引文
[1]顾义磊,李晓红,杜云贵,等.隧道光面爆破合理爆破参数的确定[J].重庆大学学报:自然科学版,2005,28(3):95-97.Gu Yilei,Li Xiaohong,Du Yungui,et al.Journal of ChongqingUniversity:Natural Science Edition,2005,28(3):95-97.
    [2]钱七虎,陈士海.爆破地震效应[J].爆破,2004,21(2):1-5.Qian Qihu,Chen Shihai.Blasting,2004,21(2):1-5.
    [3]Bakhshandeh A H,Siamaki A,Soltani S.Design of blasting pattern inproportion to the peak particle velocity(PPV):Artificial neural networksapproach[J].Safety Science,2012,50(9):1913-1916.
    [4]Afeni T B,Osasan S K.Assessment of noise and ground vibrationinduced during blasting operations in an open pit mine—A case studyon Ewekoro limestone quarry,Nigeria[J].Mining Science and Technology(China),2009,19(4):420-424.
    [5]宗琦,孟德君.炮孔不同装药结构对爆破能量影响的理论探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(4):641-645.Zong Qi,Meng Dejun.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics andEngineering,2003,22(4):641-645.
    [6]吕淑然.炮孔轴向不同间隔方式的爆破地震效应研究[J].安全与环境学报,2006,6(S1):102-105.LüShuran.Journal of Safety and Environment,2006,6(S1):102-105.
    [7]罗忆,卢文波,陈明,等.爆破振动安全判据研究综述[J].爆破,2010,27(1):14-22.Luo Yi,Lu Wenbo,Chen Ming,et al.Blasting,2010,27(1):14-22.
    [8]夏红兵,汪海波,宗琦.爆破震动效应控制技术综合分析[J].工程爆破,2007,13(2):83-86.Xia Hongbing,Wang Haibo,Zong Qi.Engineering Blasting,2007,13(2):83-86.
    [9]傅洪贤,赵勇,谢晋水,等.隧道爆破近区爆破振动测试研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(2):335-340.Fu Hongxian,Zhao Yong,Xie Jinshui,et al.Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2011,30(2):335-340.
    [10]Ren S,Bai Y M,Jiang D Y,et al.An extension evaluation model forbuilding safety under the influence of blasting seismic[J].ProcediaEngineering,2012,43:168-173.

版权所有:© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心