墩-水耦合计算模式及深水桥墩动力响应研究
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摘要
为了研究地震作用下动水压力对深水桥墩的影响,以声波动理论为基础,通过对流体域边界条件的简化和流体域范围的探讨,建立了一种改进的墩-水耦合有限元模型,并提出了常用深水桥墩的理想流体域范围图。分别讨论了深水桥墩在简谐荷载、地震荷载作用下的动力响应,结果表明:动水压力增大了桥墩的动力响应,增幅在20%到50%之间,不可忽视;当桥墩基频越接近简谐荷载激励频率或地震波主频有效带宽区间时,动水压力的影响越大。
In order to calculate the effect of hydrodynamic pressure on submerged piers under earthquake,a modified finite element model of pier-water interaction has been proposed.This model,which is based on acoustic theory,is built after simplification of fluid boundary condition and study of fluid scope.An appropriate water scope figure is suggested for commonly used deep-water piers.Then the dynamic responses of the deep-water piers under harmonic loads and earthquake loads are discussed respectively.Results show that the hydrodynamic pressure increases the dynamic responses,the resulting increments are from 20% to 50%,which could not be ignored.When the first order frequency of pier is close to the excitation frequency of harmonic loads or earthquake's main frequency effective bandwidth district,the increments of hydrodynamic pressure are greater.
In order to calculate the effect of hydrodynamic pressure on submerged piers under earthquake,a modified finite element model of pier-water interaction has been proposed.This model,which is based on acoustic theory,is built after simplification of fluid boundary condition and study of fluid scope.An appropriate water scope figure is suggested for commonly used deep-water piers.Then the dynamic responses of the deep-water piers under harmonic loads and earthquake loads are discussed respectively.Results show that the hydrodynamic pressure increases the dynamic responses,the resulting increments are from 20% to 50%,which could not be ignored.When the first order frequency of pier is close to the excitation frequency of harmonic loads or earthquake's main frequency effective bandwidth district,the increments of hydrodynamic pressure are greater.
引文
[1]胡德贵,吉随旺,李本伟.都江堰至汶川公路庙子坪岷江特大桥震害浅析[J].西南公路,2008,4:21-22.HU Degui,JI Suiwang,LI Benwei.Earthquake damage analysis of Miaoziping Minjiang river bridge of Duwen expressway[J].Southwest Highway,2008,4:21-22.(in Chinese)
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[11]杨吉新,张可,党慧慧.基于ANSYS的流固耦合动力分析方法[J].船海工程,2008,37(6):85-89.YANG Jixin,ZHANG Ke,DANG Huihui.Dynamic analysis method for fluid-structure interaction based on Ansys[J].Ship&Ocean Engineering,2008,37(6):85-89.(in Chinese)
[12]杨吉新,党慧慧,雷凡.考虑水作用的桥墩自振特性计算方法对比分析[J].世界地震工程,2010,26(3):91-95YANG Jixin,DANG Huihui,LEI Fan.Comparison of methods for natural frequency calculation of piers considering interaction with water[J].WorldEarthquake Engineering,2010,26(3):91-95.(in Chinese)
[13]Kinsler E L,et al.Fundamentals of acoustics[M].New York:John Wiley and Sons,1982,98-123..
[14]Bathe K J.Finite element procedures[M].Prentice-Hall.Englewood Cliffs,1996.
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[16]Craggs A.A finite element model for acoustically lined small rooms[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1986,108(2):327-337.
[17]童宗鹏,王国治.舰艇结构水下振动和声辐射特性研究[J].江苏科技大学学报:自然科学版,2003,17(2):18-22.TONG Zongpeng,WANG Zhiguo.Research on vibration and acoustic radiation of submarine structure[J].Journal of Jiangsu University of Scienceand Technology:Natural Science Edition,2003,17(2):18-22.(in Chinese)
[18]郑史雄.深水桥墩考虑液固相互作用的地震反应分析.桥梁建设,1998(1):52-54.ZHENG Shixiong.The effects of the fluid-structure interaction seismic[J].Bridge Construction,1998,1:52-54.(in Chinese)
[19]柳春光,齐念.考虑流固耦合作用的深水桥墩地震响应分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2009,29(4):433-436.LIU Chunguang,QI Nian.Seismic response analysis of piers in deep water considering fluid-structure interaction[J].Journal of Disaster Preven-tion and Mitigation Engineering,2009,29(4):433-436.(in Chinese)
[20]黄信,李忠献.动水压力作用对深水桥墩地震响应的影响[J].土木工程学报,2011,44(1):65-73.HUANG Xin,LI Zhongxian.Influence of hydrodynamic pressure on seismic response of bridge piers in deep water[J].China Civil Engineering Jour-nal,2011,44(1):65-73.(in Chinese)
[21]高学奎,朱晞.地震动水压力对深水桥墩的影响[J].北京交通大学学报,2006,30(1):55-58.GAO Xuekui,ZHU Xi.Hydrodynamic Effect on seismic response of bridge pier in deep water[J].Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University,2006,30(1):55-58.(in Chinese)
[22]毕卫国,石崇.爆破地震波引起结构响应的频率因素分析[J].爆破,2004,21(3):87-89.BI Weiguo,SHI Chong.Analysis on frequency factor in structure response induced by blasting seismic wave[J].Blasting,2004,21(3):87-89.(in Chinese)
[2]JTG/T B02-01-2008公路桥梁抗震设计细则[S].JTG/T B02-01-2008 Guidelines for Seismic Design of Highway Bridges[S].(in Chinese)
[3]GB50111-2006铁路工程抗震设计规范[S].GB50111-2006 Code for Seismic Design of Railway Engineering[S].(in Chinese)
[4]Westergarrd H M.Water pressures on dams during earthquakes[J].Trans ASCE,1933,59(8):418-433.
[5]Liaw C Y,Chopra A K.Dynamic of towers surrounded by water[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1974,3:33-49.
[6]赖伟,王君杰,胡世德.地震下桥墩动水压力分析[J].同济大学学报,2004,32(1):1-5.LAI Wei,WANG Junjie,HU Shide.Earthquake induced hydrodynamic pressure on bridge pier[J].Journal of Tongji University,2004,32(1):1-5.(in Chinese)
[7]刘振宇,李乔,赵灿晖,等.深水矩形空心桥墩在地震作用下附加动水压力分析[J].振动与冲击,2008,27(2):53-56.LIU Zhenyu,LI Qiao,ZHAO Canhui,et al.Additional hydrodynamic pressure on rectangular hollow piers in deepwater due to earthquake[J].Jour-nal of Vibration and Shock,2008,27(2):53-56.(in Chinese)
[8]赖伟,王君杰,韦晓,等.桥墩地震动水效应的水下振动台试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(6):166-167.LAI Wei,WANG Junjie,WEI Xiao,et al.The shaking table test for submerged bridge pier[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and EngineeringVibration,2006,26(6):166-167.(in Chinese)
[9]Zhou Q,Joseph P F.A numerical method for the calculation of dynamic response and acoustic radiation from an underwater structure[J].Journal ofSound and Vibration,2005,283(4):853-873.
[10]Christian Cabos,Frank Ihlenburg.Vibrational analysis of ships with coupled finite and boundary elements[J].Journal of Computational Acoustics,2003,11(1):91-114.
[11]杨吉新,张可,党慧慧.基于ANSYS的流固耦合动力分析方法[J].船海工程,2008,37(6):85-89.YANG Jixin,ZHANG Ke,DANG Huihui.Dynamic analysis method for fluid-structure interaction based on Ansys[J].Ship&Ocean Engineering,2008,37(6):85-89.(in Chinese)
[12]杨吉新,党慧慧,雷凡.考虑水作用的桥墩自振特性计算方法对比分析[J].世界地震工程,2010,26(3):91-95YANG Jixin,DANG Huihui,LEI Fan.Comparison of methods for natural frequency calculation of piers considering interaction with water[J].WorldEarthquake Engineering,2010,26(3):91-95.(in Chinese)
[13]Kinsler E L,et al.Fundamentals of acoustics[M].New York:John Wiley and Sons,1982,98-123..
[14]Bathe K J.Finite element procedures[M].Prentice-Hall.Englewood Cliffs,1996.
[15]Zienkiewicz O C,Newton R E.Coupled vibrations of a structure submerged in a compressible fluid[C]//Proceedings of the Symposium on FiniteElement Techniques,University of Stuttgart,Germany,June 1969.
[16]Craggs A.A finite element model for acoustically lined small rooms[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1986,108(2):327-337.
[17]童宗鹏,王国治.舰艇结构水下振动和声辐射特性研究[J].江苏科技大学学报:自然科学版,2003,17(2):18-22.TONG Zongpeng,WANG Zhiguo.Research on vibration and acoustic radiation of submarine structure[J].Journal of Jiangsu University of Scienceand Technology:Natural Science Edition,2003,17(2):18-22.(in Chinese)
[18]郑史雄.深水桥墩考虑液固相互作用的地震反应分析.桥梁建设,1998(1):52-54.ZHENG Shixiong.The effects of the fluid-structure interaction seismic[J].Bridge Construction,1998,1:52-54.(in Chinese)
[19]柳春光,齐念.考虑流固耦合作用的深水桥墩地震响应分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2009,29(4):433-436.LIU Chunguang,QI Nian.Seismic response analysis of piers in deep water considering fluid-structure interaction[J].Journal of Disaster Preven-tion and Mitigation Engineering,2009,29(4):433-436.(in Chinese)
[20]黄信,李忠献.动水压力作用对深水桥墩地震响应的影响[J].土木工程学报,2011,44(1):65-73.HUANG Xin,LI Zhongxian.Influence of hydrodynamic pressure on seismic response of bridge piers in deep water[J].China Civil Engineering Jour-nal,2011,44(1):65-73.(in Chinese)
[21]高学奎,朱晞.地震动水压力对深水桥墩的影响[J].北京交通大学学报,2006,30(1):55-58.GAO Xuekui,ZHU Xi.Hydrodynamic Effect on seismic response of bridge pier in deep water[J].Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University,2006,30(1):55-58.(in Chinese)
[22]毕卫国,石崇.爆破地震波引起结构响应的频率因素分析[J].爆破,2004,21(3):87-89.BI Weiguo,SHI Chong.Analysis on frequency factor in structure response induced by blasting seismic wave[J].Blasting,2004,21(3):87-89.(in Chinese)
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