海上风电工程基础结构抗震性能研究
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摘要
为了探讨海上风电工程基础与结构体系的抗震性能,采用ANSYS程序建立了三种基础型式的风电塔架结构数值模型,先采用振型分解反应谱法计算了结构的地震响应,进而分别将传统地震动和最不利地震动作为输入地震动,分析了三种基础结构体系的最大地震响应。结果显示:风电结构属典型的长周期结构,基础型式对结构的振动周期影响明显,单立柱桩式结构振动周期最长,八桩承台结构振动周期最短。地震作用下,单立柱桩结构的顶端位移响应也最大;振型反应谱法与传统地震动作用下结构的响应满足现行建筑抗震规范的要求,但最不利地震作用下结构的位移响应偏大,不满足规范对位移的相关规定;组合三桩结构底部基础与结构连接处是应力集中区。海上风电工程结构抗震设计的重要性应引起充分重视。
Aiming at the seismic performance of offshore wind turbine foundation and structures,numerical models of three types of wind power tower foundation and structures were established using ANSYS program.Firstly,earthquake responses of the structure systems were calculated with mode analysis method,then,the conventional and severest design ground motions were used as input motions to analyze the dynamic response.Results show that,the wind power towers are typical long period structures,the vibration periods of which are significantly influenced by the foundation types.The structure with single-pile has the longest period,while the structure with eight-pile and plate has the shortest period.Hence,for single-pile structure the maximum displacement responses are excited on the top under earthquakes.These responses accord with code provisions.However,the displacement responses of the structures under the severest design ground motions can not meet code requirements,additionally;the stress concentration is found at join areas of foundation and structures for the combined three-pile system.Seismic design of offshore wind turbine structures should be highlighted and emphasized.
Aiming at the seismic performance of offshore wind turbine foundation and structures,numerical models of three types of wind power tower foundation and structures were established using ANSYS program.Firstly,earthquake responses of the structure systems were calculated with mode analysis method,then,the conventional and severest design ground motions were used as input motions to analyze the dynamic response.Results show that,the wind power towers are typical long period structures,the vibration periods of which are significantly influenced by the foundation types.The structure with single-pile has the longest period,while the structure with eight-pile and plate has the shortest period.Hence,for single-pile structure the maximum displacement responses are excited on the top under earthquakes.These responses accord with code provisions.However,the displacement responses of the structures under the severest design ground motions can not meet code requirements,additionally;the stress concentration is found at join areas of foundation and structures for the combined three-pile system.Seismic design of offshore wind turbine structures should be highlighted and emphasized.
引文
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[3]李炜,郑永明,周永.近海风电基础桩土作用3D有限元模拟[J].水电能源科学,2010,28(8):162-164.LI Wei,ZHENG Yongming,ZHOU Yong.3D-FEM Simulation of soil pile interaction for offshore wind power generation[J].Water ResourcesAnd Power,2010,28(8):162-164.(in Chinese)
[4]邢作霞,陈雷,姚兴佳.海上风力发电机组基础的选择[J].新能源及工艺,2005(6):34-37.XING Zuoxia,CHEN Lei,YAO Xingjia.Selection of offshore wind turbine foundation[J].Energy Engineering,2005(6):34-37.(in Chinese)
[5]Zaaijer MB.Foundation modeling to assess dynamic behavior of offshore wind turbines[J].Applied Ocean Research,2006(28):45-57.
[6]Watson G.Structure and foundations design of offshore wind installations[R].CLRC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory,2000.
[7]Andersen L,Clausen J.Impedance of surface footings on layered ground[J].Computers and Structures,2008(86):72-87.
[8]Vos L D,Frigaard P,Rouck J D.Wave run-up on cylindrical and cone shaped foundations for offshore wind turbines[J].Coastal Engineering,2007(54)17-29.
[9]Barker A,Timco G,Gravesen H,et al.Ice loading on Danish wind turbines:Part 1 Dynamic model tests[J].Cold Regions Science and Technol-ogy,2005(41):1-23.
[10]Gravesen H,Serensen S L,Velund P,et al.Ice loading on Danish wind turbines:Part 2 Analyses of dynamic model test results[J].Cold RegionsScience and Technology,2005(41):25-47.
[11]Biehl F.Ship collisions and offshore wind energy turbines:calculation and evaluation[C]//Proceedings of Scientific Forum of the Federal Minis-try for the Environment,Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety on Offshore Wind Energy Utilization Berlin,2004.
[12]中国船级社.海上固定平台入级与建造规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,1992.China Classification Society.Rules for The Classification and Construction of Fixed offshore Platforms[S].China Communications Press,1992.
[13]GB50135-2006上海市建设和交通委员会.高耸结构设计规范[S].北京:计划出版社,2007.GB50135-2006 Shanghai Construction and Traffic Committee.Code for Design of High-Rising Structures[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2007.(in Chinese)
[14]谢礼立,翟长海.最不利设计地震动研究[J].地震学报,2003,25(3):250-261.XIE Lili,ZHAI Changhai.Study on the severest real ground motion for seismic design and analysis[J].ACTA Seismological Sinica,2003,25(3):250-261.(in Chinese)
[15]谢礼立.基于抗震性态的设防标准[R].国家自然科学基金重大项目专题年度研究报告(1.3),2001.XIE Lili.Performance-Based Seismic Design Criterion[R].The National Natural Science Foundation of China special annual Research Report(1.3),2001.(in Chinese)
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