苏里格气田地震资料叠前保幅去噪技术研究
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摘要
为了满足岩性勘探的需要,苏里格地区开展了高密度地震采集方法.采集技术的进步极大的提高了地震记录的品质,同时对开展以岩性预测为目标的保幅处理提出了更高的要求.而叠前去噪作为室内去噪处理的主战场,在保幅处理中起到重要作用.本文针对苏里格地区地震资料干扰波类型多、背景噪音强的特点,采用多域多方法联合去噪思路,对叠前地震数据上的噪声采用分频压制线性及异常强能量干扰、自适应单频波衰减及高精度反假频去除多次波等保幅去噪方法.在提高信噪比的同时,达到保幅处理效果,提高了处理结果的可靠性,使钻井成功率大大提高,从而大幅度提高了苏里格气田的经济效益.该技术系列对国内其它低孔低渗致密砂岩油气藏研究同样具有借鉴意义.
Acquistion of high density spatial sampling is conducted to meet the need of lithorlogy exploration in Sulige Gasfield.The progress of acquistion technology extremely improves the quality of seismic data,then amplitude preserved processing method which aimed to recognize lithologic reservoir is more required in seismic processing;As the main battleground of noise attunation in house,prestack denoising plays an important role in relative amplitude preserved processing.In the light of there are too many types of interference waves and strong background noises to be attenuated in Sulige Gasfield,the denoising method is applied according to the approach of multi domain integrated multi method;the amplitude preserved processing method such as attunation of linear and high amplitude noise based on frequency-divided,adaptively mono-frequency noise attenuation and high resolution,de-aliased multiple attunation are selected to the prestack seismic data;The S/N ratio is improved and the effect of amplitude preserved is acquired at the same time after denoising,the method enhanced the reliability of the processing result also,then the drilling success rate is raised,the economic benefit of gasfield development improves greatly also with the method.Domestic other low-porosity and low-permeability of close sand oil and gas reservoir research also has draw lessons from the technic series.
Acquistion of high density spatial sampling is conducted to meet the need of lithorlogy exploration in Sulige Gasfield.The progress of acquistion technology extremely improves the quality of seismic data,then amplitude preserved processing method which aimed to recognize lithologic reservoir is more required in seismic processing;As the main battleground of noise attunation in house,prestack denoising plays an important role in relative amplitude preserved processing.In the light of there are too many types of interference waves and strong background noises to be attenuated in Sulige Gasfield,the denoising method is applied according to the approach of multi domain integrated multi method;the amplitude preserved processing method such as attunation of linear and high amplitude noise based on frequency-divided,adaptively mono-frequency noise attenuation and high resolution,de-aliased multiple attunation are selected to the prestack seismic data;The S/N ratio is improved and the effect of amplitude preserved is acquired at the same time after denoising,the method enhanced the reliability of the processing result also,then the drilling success rate is raised,the economic benefit of gasfield development improves greatly also with the method.Domestic other low-porosity and low-permeability of close sand oil and gas reservoir research also has draw lessons from the technic series.
引文
[1]张军华,吕宁,田连玉,等.地震资料去噪方法技术综合评述.地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):546-553.ZHANG Jun-hua,LüNing,TIAN Lian-yu,etc.Anoverview of the methods and techniques for seismic data noiseattenuation.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(2):546-553.
[2]蔡希玲,张俊桥.复杂地表区噪声分析技术与压噪方法应用.石油地球物理勘探,2002,37卷增刊:1-4.Cai Xiling,Zhang Junqiao,Analysis and suppression of thenoise in complex topography Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2002,37(Supplement):1-4.
[3]崔兴福,李宏兵,等.地震资料振幅保真处理技术[A].见:中国地球物理学会编.中国地球物理.2009[C].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2009.10,85-85.Cui Xingfu,Li Hongbing,etc.The preserved true amplitudeprocessing techniques for seismic data[A].In:ChineseGeophysical Society.The Chinese Geophysics.2009[C].Hefei.University of Science and Technology of China Press.2009.10,85-85.
[4]王西文,刘全新,吕焕通,等.相对保幅的地震资料连片处理方法研究.石油物探,2006,45(2):105-120.Wang Xiwen,etc.Relative amplitude method to mergingprocessing of 3Dseismic data from multi-area.GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum,2006,45(2):105-120.
[5]芮拥军,石林光.准格尔盆地中部地震资料提高分辨率处理研究.石油物探,2007,46(2):181-185.Rui Yongjun,Shi Linguang.Study of processing technologyfor enhancing the resolution of seismic data in the central areaof Jungar basin.Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2007,46(2):181-185.
[6]郭树祥.地震资料保幅处理的讨论.油气地球物理,2009,7(1):1-7.Guo Shuxiang.Discussion on preserved amplitude processingof seismic data.Petroleum Geophysics.2009,7(1):1-7.
[7]孙吉敏.工业电干扰消除方法研究.科技信息,2008,29:19-20.Sun Jimin.The method of industrial noise elimination.SCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY INFORMATION.2008,29:19-20.
[8]高少武,赵波,贺振华,等.基于余弦函数的自适应单频干扰消除.地球物理学进展,2009,24(5):1762-1767,DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2009.05.029.Gao S W,Zhao B,He Z H,et al.Elimination of adaptivemono-frequency interference based on cosine function.Progressin Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,24(5):1762-1767,DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2009.05.029.
[9]刘喜武,刘洪,李幼铭.高分辨率Radon变换方法及其在地震信号处理中的应用.地球物理学进展,2004,19(1):008-015.Liu Xi-wu,Liu Hong,Li You-ming.High resolution radontransform and its application in seismic signal processing.Progress in Geophysics,2004,19(1):008-015.
[10]蔡希玲.声波和强能量干扰的分频自适应检测与压制方法.石油地球物理勘探,1999,34(4):373-381.Cai Xiling.An effective method to suppress acoustic waveand high energy noise frequency-divisionally and adaptively.Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1999,34(4):373-381.
[11]李虹,蔡希玲,任艳茹,等.SN地区高密度地震数据叠前噪声分析及其压制.勘探地球物理进展,2009,32(6):420-426.Li Hong,Cai Xiling,Ren Yanru,etc.Prestack noiseanalysis and attenuation for high-density seismic data fromSN area.Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2009,32(6):420-426.
[12]邹文,陈爱萍,顾汉明.联合时频分析技术在地震勘探中的应用.勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(4):246-259.Zou Wen,Chen Aiping,Gu Hanming.Joint time-frequencyanalysis and its application in seismic prospecting.Progress inExploration Geophysics.2004,27(4):246-259.
[13]印兴耀,张奎,张广智.联合时频分布及其属性的应用.石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(5):522-526.Yin Xingyao,Zhang Kui,Zhang Guangzhi.Application ofjoint time-frequency distribution and its attribution.OilGeophysical Prospecting,2003,38(5):522-526.
[14]蔡希玲,吕英梅.地震数据时频分析与分频处理.勘探地球物理进展,2005,28(4):265-270.Cai Xiling,Lv Yingmei.Time-frequency analysis andfrequency-divisional processing of seismic data.Progress inExploration Geophysics.2005,28(4):265-270.
[15]刘建红,孟小红,李合群.西部山地复杂地震资料处理技术研究.地球物理学进展,2008,23(3):859-863.Liu Jian-hong,Meng Xiao-hong,Li He-qun.Seismic dataprocessing in the complex mountains of western China.Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(3):859-863.
[16]凌云研究组.叠前相对保持振幅、频率、相位和波形的地震数据与评价研究.石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(5):543-552.Ling Yun Research Group.Study of seismic data processingand appreciation based on prestack relative preservation ofamplitude,frequency,phase and waveform.Oil GeophysicalProspecting,2004,39(5):543-552.
[17]王西文,赵邦六,吕焕通,等.地震资料相对保真处理方法研究.石油物探,2009,48(4):319-331.Wang Xiwen,etc.Relative amplitude preservation methodfor seismic data processing.Geophysical Prospecting forPetroleum,2009,48(4):319-331.
[18]夏洪瑞,周开明.地震资料处理中相干干扰消除方法分析.石油物探,2003,42(4):526-549.Xia Hongrui,Zhou Kaiming.Elimination of coherentinterference in seismic data processing.GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum,2003,42(4):526-549.
[19]王立歆,孟宪军,张军华,等.基于维纳滤波的50Hz工业干扰去噪方法及应用.勘探地球物理进展,2010,33(1):32-35.Wang Lixin,Meng Xianjun,Zhang Junhua,etc.50Hzinterference elimination based on Wiener filtering.Progressin Exploration Geophysics.2010,33(1):32-35.
[20]李文莲,邓辉,闫立志.鄂尔多斯盆地北部低信噪比资料的高分辨率处理.地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1059-1066.Li Wenlian,Deng Hui,Yan Lizhi.A high-resolutionprocedure of low SNR data for North Ordos basin.Progressin Geophysics.2005,20(4):1059-1066.
[21]冯晅,张先武,刘财,等.带有多道相关的抛物线Radon变换法分离P-P、P-SV波.地球物理学报,2011,54(2):374-387.Feng X,Zhang X W,Liu C,et al.Separating P-P and P-SVwave by parabolic Radon transform with multiple coherence.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2011,54(2):304-309.
[22]陈新荣,尚新民,李继光,等.地震资料振幅保持影响因素分析.地球物理学进展,2009,24(4):1411-1419.Chen X R,Shang X M,Li J G,et al.Analysis on influencefactors of preserved amplitude processing.Progress inGeophys.(in Chinese),2009,24(4):1411-1419.
[23]李子顺.地震波衰减规律及其恢复方法.地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1545-1551.LI Zi-shun.Seismic wave attenuation and recovering method.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(5):1545-1551.
[24]钟伟,杨宝俊,张智.多项式拟合技术在强噪声地震资料中的应用研究.地球物理学进展,2006,21(1):184-189.ZHONG Wei,YANG Bao-jun,ZHANG Zhi.Research onApplication of Polynomial Fitting Technique in Highly noisySeismic Data.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(1):184-189.
[25]熊翥.地震数据精细处理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003.12-52.Xiong Z,Seismic data elaborate processing.(in Chinese)[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2003.12-52.
[2]蔡希玲,张俊桥.复杂地表区噪声分析技术与压噪方法应用.石油地球物理勘探,2002,37卷增刊:1-4.Cai Xiling,Zhang Junqiao,Analysis and suppression of thenoise in complex topography Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2002,37(Supplement):1-4.
[3]崔兴福,李宏兵,等.地震资料振幅保真处理技术[A].见:中国地球物理学会编.中国地球物理.2009[C].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2009.10,85-85.Cui Xingfu,Li Hongbing,etc.The preserved true amplitudeprocessing techniques for seismic data[A].In:ChineseGeophysical Society.The Chinese Geophysics.2009[C].Hefei.University of Science and Technology of China Press.2009.10,85-85.
[4]王西文,刘全新,吕焕通,等.相对保幅的地震资料连片处理方法研究.石油物探,2006,45(2):105-120.Wang Xiwen,etc.Relative amplitude method to mergingprocessing of 3Dseismic data from multi-area.GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum,2006,45(2):105-120.
[5]芮拥军,石林光.准格尔盆地中部地震资料提高分辨率处理研究.石油物探,2007,46(2):181-185.Rui Yongjun,Shi Linguang.Study of processing technologyfor enhancing the resolution of seismic data in the central areaof Jungar basin.Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2007,46(2):181-185.
[6]郭树祥.地震资料保幅处理的讨论.油气地球物理,2009,7(1):1-7.Guo Shuxiang.Discussion on preserved amplitude processingof seismic data.Petroleum Geophysics.2009,7(1):1-7.
[7]孙吉敏.工业电干扰消除方法研究.科技信息,2008,29:19-20.Sun Jimin.The method of industrial noise elimination.SCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY INFORMATION.2008,29:19-20.
[8]高少武,赵波,贺振华,等.基于余弦函数的自适应单频干扰消除.地球物理学进展,2009,24(5):1762-1767,DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2009.05.029.Gao S W,Zhao B,He Z H,et al.Elimination of adaptivemono-frequency interference based on cosine function.Progressin Geophys.(in Chinese),2009,24(5):1762-1767,DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2009.05.029.
[9]刘喜武,刘洪,李幼铭.高分辨率Radon变换方法及其在地震信号处理中的应用.地球物理学进展,2004,19(1):008-015.Liu Xi-wu,Liu Hong,Li You-ming.High resolution radontransform and its application in seismic signal processing.Progress in Geophysics,2004,19(1):008-015.
[10]蔡希玲.声波和强能量干扰的分频自适应检测与压制方法.石油地球物理勘探,1999,34(4):373-381.Cai Xiling.An effective method to suppress acoustic waveand high energy noise frequency-divisionally and adaptively.Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1999,34(4):373-381.
[11]李虹,蔡希玲,任艳茹,等.SN地区高密度地震数据叠前噪声分析及其压制.勘探地球物理进展,2009,32(6):420-426.Li Hong,Cai Xiling,Ren Yanru,etc.Prestack noiseanalysis and attenuation for high-density seismic data fromSN area.Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2009,32(6):420-426.
[12]邹文,陈爱萍,顾汉明.联合时频分析技术在地震勘探中的应用.勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(4):246-259.Zou Wen,Chen Aiping,Gu Hanming.Joint time-frequencyanalysis and its application in seismic prospecting.Progress inExploration Geophysics.2004,27(4):246-259.
[13]印兴耀,张奎,张广智.联合时频分布及其属性的应用.石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(5):522-526.Yin Xingyao,Zhang Kui,Zhang Guangzhi.Application ofjoint time-frequency distribution and its attribution.OilGeophysical Prospecting,2003,38(5):522-526.
[14]蔡希玲,吕英梅.地震数据时频分析与分频处理.勘探地球物理进展,2005,28(4):265-270.Cai Xiling,Lv Yingmei.Time-frequency analysis andfrequency-divisional processing of seismic data.Progress inExploration Geophysics.2005,28(4):265-270.
[15]刘建红,孟小红,李合群.西部山地复杂地震资料处理技术研究.地球物理学进展,2008,23(3):859-863.Liu Jian-hong,Meng Xiao-hong,Li He-qun.Seismic dataprocessing in the complex mountains of western China.Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(3):859-863.
[16]凌云研究组.叠前相对保持振幅、频率、相位和波形的地震数据与评价研究.石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(5):543-552.Ling Yun Research Group.Study of seismic data processingand appreciation based on prestack relative preservation ofamplitude,frequency,phase and waveform.Oil GeophysicalProspecting,2004,39(5):543-552.
[17]王西文,赵邦六,吕焕通,等.地震资料相对保真处理方法研究.石油物探,2009,48(4):319-331.Wang Xiwen,etc.Relative amplitude preservation methodfor seismic data processing.Geophysical Prospecting forPetroleum,2009,48(4):319-331.
[18]夏洪瑞,周开明.地震资料处理中相干干扰消除方法分析.石油物探,2003,42(4):526-549.Xia Hongrui,Zhou Kaiming.Elimination of coherentinterference in seismic data processing.GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum,2003,42(4):526-549.
[19]王立歆,孟宪军,张军华,等.基于维纳滤波的50Hz工业干扰去噪方法及应用.勘探地球物理进展,2010,33(1):32-35.Wang Lixin,Meng Xianjun,Zhang Junhua,etc.50Hzinterference elimination based on Wiener filtering.Progressin Exploration Geophysics.2010,33(1):32-35.
[20]李文莲,邓辉,闫立志.鄂尔多斯盆地北部低信噪比资料的高分辨率处理.地球物理学进展,2005,20(4):1059-1066.Li Wenlian,Deng Hui,Yan Lizhi.A high-resolutionprocedure of low SNR data for North Ordos basin.Progressin Geophysics.2005,20(4):1059-1066.
[21]冯晅,张先武,刘财,等.带有多道相关的抛物线Radon变换法分离P-P、P-SV波.地球物理学报,2011,54(2):374-387.Feng X,Zhang X W,Liu C,et al.Separating P-P and P-SVwave by parabolic Radon transform with multiple coherence.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2011,54(2):304-309.
[22]陈新荣,尚新民,李继光,等.地震资料振幅保持影响因素分析.地球物理学进展,2009,24(4):1411-1419.Chen X R,Shang X M,Li J G,et al.Analysis on influencefactors of preserved amplitude processing.Progress inGeophys.(in Chinese),2009,24(4):1411-1419.
[23]李子顺.地震波衰减规律及其恢复方法.地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1545-1551.LI Zi-shun.Seismic wave attenuation and recovering method.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(5):1545-1551.
[24]钟伟,杨宝俊,张智.多项式拟合技术在强噪声地震资料中的应用研究.地球物理学进展,2006,21(1):184-189.ZHONG Wei,YANG Bao-jun,ZHANG Zhi.Research onApplication of Polynomial Fitting Technique in Highly noisySeismic Data.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(1):184-189.
[25]熊翥.地震数据精细处理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003.12-52.Xiong Z,Seismic data elaborate processing.(in Chinese)[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2003.12-52.
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